Neighborliness at the Co-op: Community and Biospheric Literacy

In this ethnographic study of an organic foods cooperative, I examine community through three different facets—the Voluntary Association, the Lifestyle Enclave, and the Neighborhood. I use fieldnote examples to show how each of these community facets corresponds with the three visions of discourse for social change considered by Wayne Campbell Peck, Linda Flower, and Lorraine Higgins. Peck et al.’s most powerful discouse, community literacy, corresponds to the Neighborhood facet of community. The neighborhood holds promise for developing a Biospheric Literacy as developed by Anne Mareck in the introduction to this special issue. The kinds of meanings that she says acknowledge biospherically interdependent human and non-human community members are, I suggest, ritually enacted through neighborly communication. Further, it is through the cordial talk of neighbors that we communicate the kinds of understandings needed to affect positive social change and limit damage to our biosphere

DIPOLE MOMENTS AND NON-COVALENT BONDING IN GAS PHASE MOLECULES VIA ROTATIONALLY RESOLVED ELECTRONIC SPECTROSCOPY: BEYOND THE RIGID ROTOR

Size, shape and charge play important roles in both the structure and dynamics of molecules. One prime example of this is the protein folding problem. Here, we use rotationally resolved fluorescence excitation spectroscopy to probe these properties of small, gas-phase molecules. The structures and permanent electric dipole moments of several substituted benzenes have been determined in both their ground and excited electronic states, providing insight into the nature of molecular charge distribution and how it changes upon the absorption of UV light. Non-covalent interactions are also explored; studies performed on a molecule composed of a flexible tail attached to a rigid aromatic body reveal information about the strength and character of π-hydrogen bonding

Wyandot, Shawnee, and African American Resistance to Slavery in Ohio and Kansas

From the colonial period, enslaved Africans escaped bondage. Colonial records and treaties reveal that they often sought refuge with Indian tribes. This resistance to slavery through escape and flight constituted the Underground Railroad. As European colonies developed into the United States, alliances of subaltern groups posed a threat. Colonizers and settlers aimed to divide and control these groups and arrived at the intertwined public policies of African chattel slavery and Indian removal. Tribal abolitionism and participation in the Underground Railroad was more pronounced than scholars have recognized and constituted an important challenge to the expansion of slavery. Encounters between fugitive slaves and Indians occurred along the frontier of territory settled by whites. In the Northwest Territory, freedom seekers crossing the Ohio River from Kentucky met tribes such as the Wyandot and Shawnee. Sometimes they joined the tribes, and sometimes they passed through on their way to Canada. Historical accounts document Africans living amongst both the Wyandot and the Shawnee and help provided by tribes to escaping bondsmen. The Northwest Territory did not remain the frontier for long. By 1826, the Shawnee removed from Ohio to Kansas. The Wyandot held on longer and were the last tribe to remove in 1843. In Kansas, the tribes were again on the frontier. A familiar pattern developed of fugitives seeking refuge in Indian territory in Kansas. Missionaries and Indian agents assigned to tribes in Kansas facilitated pro-slavery incursions. Methodist Episcopal missionary to the Shawnees, Thomas Johnson, for example, used enslaved labor at the school he established for tribes in the region. Some tribal leaders adopted the practice, but most members resisted. This internal struggle became a major front in the national debate between abolitionists and pro-slavery advocates on whether the federal government could limit slavery in new territories. The Wyandots intensified their opposition to slavery through the period of Bleeding Kansas, joining forces with Free State proponents. Through their activism, the tribes helped exclude slavery from Kansas. Advisor: William G. Thomas II

Identification and physiological significance of mycorrhizal associations of apple (Malus domestica Borkh.)

Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae of apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) were surveyed. Soil and root samples were collected in August 1980 from 18 planting sites of the U.S.D.A. North Central Region Cooperative Project 140 apple rootstock trial. Species of endogonaceous fungi were identified from soil samples, with a range of 3 to 8 among sites and no apparent patterns of geographic distribution. Glomus was more common in number of species and number of spores than Gigaspora, Acaulospora or Sclerocystis. Root samples were endomycorrhizal at all sites. Root colonization percentage among sites was negatively correlated with soil zinc and (at most sites) phosphorus and was correlated with soil infective potential as determined by a dilution study. Spore counts were a poor indicator of soil infective potential with apple;Six species of endogonaceous fungi originally isolated from survey soils were evaluated at low P (30 mg/kg) and high P (180 mg/kg) for root colonization and effects on growth of apple seedlings in the greenhouse. Fungal species evaluated were Glomus mosseae (Nicol. and Gerd.) Gerdemann and Trappe, Glomus maculosum sp. ined. Miller and Walker, Glomus manihotis sp. ined. Howeler, Sievarding, and Schenck, Gigaspora calospora (Nicol. and Gerd.) Gerdemann and Trappe, Glomus bitunicatum sp. ined. Walker and Miller, and two isolates of Glomus occultum Walker. Trees grew approximately two times larger and had higher leaf P concentrations at high P than at low P regardless of mycorrhizae. At low P, three fungal species, Glomus mosseae, Glomus manihotis, and Glomus occultum (Indiana isolate) were superior symbionts in stimulating apple tree growth as compared to the non-mycorrhizal controls. Fungal species varied in root colonization characteristics and spore production. Root colonization percentage was well-correlated with final height and less correlated with total dry weight. At high P, no treatment resulted in greater than 5% of root length colonized and endogonaceous fungi had little apparent influence on plant growth

Obstacles to Holding A Parole Official in Virginia Liable for the Negligent Release or Supervision of a Parolee

With the continuing problem of overcrowded prisons, parole board officials have been under increasing pressure to release prisoners before the natural termination of their sentences. As a consequence, the public suffers the risk that the parolee, once released, will commit a violent crime. If this should occur, the question then becomes whether the injured individual can, as a result, hold the parole board civilly liable for the negligent release or supervision of the parolee

Status Passage of the Science Fiction Fan: Becoming a Member of the Science Fiction Fan Subculture

In the 1930\u27s a middle class subculture developed around the popular culture genre literature known as science fiction. This subculture calls itself Fandom (Sanders, 1994; Bloch, 1962). I have chosen to investigate the status passage of the science fiction fan (Glaser and Strauss, 1971); or to phrase this as a question: What is the process of becoming a member of the subculture of science fiction fandom? Throughout this monograph, I refer to the members of the science fiction fan subculture as SF Fandom to distinguish them from other “fandoms” that have grown and branched off from the original group. In examining the status passage of the science fiction fan (Glaser and Strauss, 1971; Hart, 1976), I used a phenomenological theoretical perspective and qualitative analytical methods to work from concepts to theory formation. Two methods were used to collect data on rhe status passage of the subcult are member of science fiction fandom: examination of ethnographies and biographies of subculture participants; and in-depth interviews with subculture participants analyzed using qualitative analysis methods. Participant observation enabled me to make contact with other subculture participants ani identify potential interview subjects. The process of discovering and becoming part of the science fiction fan subculture is detailed as a status passage as defined by Glaser and Strauss (1971). This study contributes to the body of knowledge about subculture participation and the status passage of becoming a subculture member. It provides a basis for further sociological research inquiries into the formation of avocational subcultures and subculture participation as a status passage

Eat the Rainbow! An Evaluation of a Short-term Fruit and Vegetable Nutrition Education Intervention for Elementary School Children

Objective: To test differences on mean fruit and vegetable (FV) eaten, liking, preference, and self-efficacy scores among 3 modes of nutrition education intervention after a 3-week intervention. Design: Convenience sample, pre- and post-test, quasi-experimental design. Setting: Three elementary schools in a rural Eastern Tennessee County. Participants: Participants were 160 3rd-5th graders. Interventions: Three study schools: experiential (nutrition education, taste tests, and learning activity), conventional (nutrition education and learning activity), and control (learning activity). Main Outcome Measures: Changes in pre- to post-intervention mean FV eaten, liking, preference, and self-efficacy scores. Analysis: Mixed model ANOVA to compare the mean pre- and post-scores. Significance was set at the 0.05 level. Results: Significant increases for preference by intervention group (p=0.015). Although there were no differences by intervention group, significant increases and decreases from pre- to post-intervention were noted for overall FV eaten (p=0.016), liking (p=0.001), and preference (p=.003). Conclusions and Implications: A 3-week school-based nutrition intervention influenced some factors associated with FV consumption. More research is needed to evaluate sustainability and appropriate, practical intervention duration

Session B-3: Operation Paperclip and the Rise of Weapons of Mass Destruction

On November 26, 1944 Dutch-American particle physicist Samual Goudsmit and his fellow members of the secret Operation Alsos carefully scoured the private papers of Nazi scientists, uncovering startling information on the extent of Nazi biological weapons experiments. Operation Alsos would give rise to Operation Paperclip – the U.S. government’s effort to bring over 1,600 German and Nazi scientists, doctors, engineers, and technologists to the United States. Also recruited were Nazi war criminals whose scientific prowess seemed to override the U.S. government’s moral qualms. The period from November, 1944 – May, 1945 changed the world as the U.S. government began to gather a group of individuals to secretly make Cold War weapons of mass destruction

Executive Succession Practices in Land Grant Universities

Looking at the current practices found in academe with respect to identifying and training current leaders, will broaden our understanding of institutional involvement, succession planning and leadership development. Within the scope of land grant universities, this study will quantify how higher education institutions identify academic leaders as department chairs, associate deans, deans, and provosts, how they provide training, and how they support these leaders in their careers. A survey of current institutional practices for department chairs, associate deans, deans and provosts will offer a better look at the scope of academic leadership identification and preparation