30 research outputs found
Analysis of the Professional Aspects of Medical Drugs Industry in the Republic of Serbia in Times of COVID-19 Pandemic
The research subject of this paper is the analysis of the attitudes of employees in pharmaceutical companies towards the business aspects of the pharmaceutical industry during and after the end of the pandemic in the Republic of Serbia. The aim is to examine the differences in the attitudes of employees, as well as to determine which variables predict the situations of endangering the professional reputation of pharmaceutical companies during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research was conducted by means of a survey during 2021 on a sample of 27 innovative and generic pharmaceutical companies. We used the SPSS program for descriptive statistics analysis, chi square test and binary logistic regression models. The findings show that there is a statistically significant difference in the expressed attitudes of employees in innovative and generic pharmaceutical companies in terms of coming to the office during the pandemic; the lack of medicines and medical devices used in the treatment of COVID-19 infections; the patient access to a chosen doctor; the expectations of the employees to continue working from home after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings of the binary regression models show the slowdown in the supply chain, the access to doctors and working from the home office have not been perceived as creating situations of endangering professional reputations, that is, they contribute to the sustainable economic success. On the other hand, the introduction of digital technologies decreases the occurrence of conditions in which their professional reputation has been threatened
Obtaining colored antioxidant cotton and cotton/linen fabrics using green tea aqueous extract
Green tea aqueous extract was prepared and characterized regarding total flavonoids and total phenolic contents as well as antioxidant activity (assessed by ABTS method). The characterized aqueous extract was used for dyeing and functionalization of 100% cotton and cotton/linen (47%/53% and 70%/30%) fabrics. Fabric color strength (K/S) values and their antioxidant activities before and after washing were compared. The obtained results revealed that 100% cotton (GTI), 47%/53% cotton/linen (GTII), and 70%/30% cotton/linen (GTIII) fabrics have K/S values ranging between 8.33 and 10.85. After one washing cycle, these values decreased significantly. On the other hand, dyed fabrics showed excellent (100 %) ABTS radical scavenging ability which remained excellent (GTII) or decreased to medium (GTI and GTIII) levels after one washing cycle. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that 47%/53% cotton/linen fabric is the most suitable for functional clothing capable of trapping the free radial of oxygen species. The current paper represents a step towards a more sustainable textile industry that could undoubtedly contribute to overcoming the environmental problems caused by the textile industry
Inkluzivni pristup zaÅ”titi manjinskog nematerijalnog kulturnog nasleÄa u Srbiji iz perspektive standarda ljudskih prava
ZaÅ”tita nematerijalnog kulturnog nasleÄa predstavlja znaÄajan aspekt zaÅ”tite prava nacionalnih manjina, a u naÅ”em kontekstu dobija poseban znaÄaj s obzirom na osetljivo nasleÄe meÄuetniÄkih konflikata i potrebu za prevencijom bilateralne kondicionalnosti pri pristupanju Republike Srbije Evropskoj Uniji. Iako se na nju obiÄno ne gleda na taj naÄin, pristupanjem Konvenciji o zaÅ”titi nematerijalnog kulturnog nasleÄa UNESCO Republika Srbija je dobila joÅ” jedan znaÄajan instrument za unapreÄenje položaja pripadnika nacionalnih manjina. U prethodnim godinama, uprkos nepostojanju adekvatnog zakonskog okvira, uspostavljen je originalan i uspeÅ”an institucionalni mehanizam za realizaciju ovog režima u nacionalnim okvirima, Äiji su znaÄajni rezultati veÄ primetni. U Älanku se analizira aktuelni pravni okvir zaÅ”tite manjinskih prava iz perspektive zaÅ”tite nematerijalnog kulturnog nasleÄa i razmatraju dosadaÅ”nji pravno relevantni rezultati zajedniÄkog pravno-etnoantropoloÅ”kog istraživanja. Analiza sadrži i primenjeno-nauÄne preporuke kojima se sugeriÅ”u moguÄa pravna reÅ”enja usmerena na prevenciju instrumentalizacije pitanja manjinskog kulturnog nasleÄa i izostanka njegove zaÅ”tite u kontekstu procesa evropskih integracija i kulturalizovane bilaternalne kondicionalnosti
Analysis of consumers' willingness to pay for organic and local honey in Serbia
In times of increased concern for human health and care for the environment, it is important to investigate the consumer behavior models in order to better manage the product supply. From the perspective of our research, it is important to learn about consumer attitudes, of a specific product, such as honey, so as to potentially strengthen the economic position of honey producers. The purpose of this article was to explore the consumers' perceptions of organic and local honey in the Republic of Serbia and identify factors that contribute to predicting consumers' willingness to pay (WTP) for organic and local honey. The ordinal regression was used to determine which factors influence the WTP for organic and local honey, and the findings show that the consumers were WTP more for organic honey than for local honey. Socio-economic characteristics of respondents and honey attributes affect consumers' WTP. The higher monthly household income positively influences the WTP for organic honey, while on the other hand, the higher level of education has a positive influence on the WTP for local honey. The WTP for organic honey positively affected by the perceived importance of honey attributes, such as food safety and support for the local community. The frequency of the purchase of the local honey, the recommendations for the local honey purchase and the perceived importance of attributes, such as the care for the environment and nutritional properties, have a positive influence on the consumers' WTP for local honey. From this, we can conclude that our understanding of all the factors that influence a consumer's decision to allocate budget expenses for honey can help all stakeholders in creating an adequate pricing and promotional strategy for honey products
Obtaining colored antioxidant cotton and cotton/linen fabrics using green tea aqueous extract
Abstract
Green tea aqueous extract was prepared and characterized regarding total flavonoids and total
phenolic contents as well as antioxidant activity (assessed by ABTS method). The characterized
aqueous extract was used for dyeing and functionalization of 100% cotton and cotton/linen
(47%/53% and 70%/30%) fabrics. Fabric color strength (K/S) values and their antioxidant
activities before and after washing were compared. The obtained results revealed that 100%
cotton (GTI), 47%/53% cotton/linen (GTII), and 70%/30% cotton/linen (GTIII) fabrics have
K/S values ranging between 8.33 and 10.85. After one washing cycle, these values decreased
significantly. On the other hand, dyed fabrics showed excellent (100 %) ABTS radical
scavenging ability which remained excellent (GTII) or decreased to medium (GTI and GTIII)
levels after one washing cycle. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that 47%/53%
cotton/linen fabric is the most suitable for functional clothing capable of trapping the free radial
of oxygen species. The current paper represents a step towards a more sustainable textile
industry that could undoubtedly contribute to overcoming the environmental problems caused
by the textile industr
Structure of populations of lumbricidae in agroecosystems
ZnaÄaj koji autohtone vrste kiÅ”nih glista imaju u tlu, pre svega u formiranju
plodnog zemljiÅ”ta, nije moguÄe sagledati bez poznavanja njihovog diverziteta, ekologije
i distribucije. Cilj rada je bio procena stanja agroekosistemima analiziom strukture
populacija Lumbricidae. Registrovano je 10 vrsta, iz pet rodova, a najbrojniji je rod
Aporrectodea. Prisustvo vrste Aporrectodea rosea je utvrÄeno na svim lokalitetima.
Analizom ekoloÅ”kih tipova i zoogeografskih kategorija, utvrÄeno je da populacija
lumbricida oskudna, razbijena i priliÄno ujednaÄena. Ovi rezultati ukazuju na
moguÄnost upotrebe lumbricida za rano upozoravanje na zdravlje tla i za procenu
stanja životne sredine.The importance of autohtone autochthonous earthworm species in soil,
especially in the formation of fertile soil, cannot be seen without knowledge of
their diversity, ecology and distribution. Our goal was to assess the state of
agroecosystems by analyzing the structure of populations of Lumbricidae. We
were collected a total of 10 lumbricid species, within 5 genera. Most of the taxa
belong to the genera Aporrectodea. Aporrectodea rosea has been found in all
localities. By analyzing the ecological form and zoogeographic types, we have
found that the lumbricide population is scarce, disrupted and fairly uniform. These
results indicate the possibility of using lumbricides for early warning of soil health
and for environmental assessment
Antimicrobial activity of selected essential oils against selected pathogenic bacteria: In vitro study
The worldwide problem of infectious diseases has appeared in recent years, and antimicrobial agents are crucial in reducing disease emergence. Nevertheless, the development and distribution of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains in pathogenic bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella Typhi and Citrobacter koseri, has become a major society health hazard. Essential oils could serve as a promising tool as a natural drug in fighting the problem with these bacteria. The current study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial effectiveness of tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia (Maiden and Betche) Cheel), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.), eucalyptus (Eucalyptus obliqua LāHĆ©r.), and lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill) essential oils. The antimicrobial properties of essential oils were screened against four pathogenic bacteria, E. coli, S. aureus, S. Tyhpi, and C. koseri, and two reference bacterial strains, while for the testing, the agar well diffusion method was used. Gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatographyāmass spectrometric (GCāMSD) analyses were performed on essential oils. The obtained results showed that M. alternifolia essential oil is the richest in terpinen-4-ol, R. officinalis and E. oblique essential oils in 1,8-cineole, and L. angustifolia essential oil in Ī±-terpinyl acetate. In addition, the main bioactive compounds present in the essential oil of tea tree are rich in Ī±-pinene (18.38%), limonene (7.55%) and Ī³-terpinene (14.01%). The essential oil of rosemary is rich in Ī±-pinene (8.38%) and limonene (11.86%); eucalyptus essential oil has significant concentrations of Ī±-pinene (12.60%), p-cymene (3.24%), limonene (3.87%), and Ī³-terpinene (7.37%), while the essential oil of lavender is rich in linalool (10.71%), linalool acetate (9.60%), Ī±-terpinyl acetate (10.93%), and carbitol (13.05%) bioactive compounds, respectively. The obtained results from the in vitro study revealed that most of the essential oils exhibited antimicrobial properties. Among the tested essential oils, tea tree was discovered to demonstrate the strongest antimicrobial activity. The recorded MIC of S. Typhi was 6.2 mg/mL, 3.4 mg/mL of C. koseri, 3.1 mg/mL of E. coli, and 2.7 mg/mL of E. coli ATCC 25922, compared to M. alternifolia. Similarly, only S. aureus ATCC 25923 showed antimicrobial activity towards R. officinalis (1.4 mg/mL), E. oblique (2.9 mg/mL), and L. angustifolia (2.1 mg/mL). Based on the obtained results, it is possible to conclude that tea tree essential oil might be used as an ecological antimicrobial in treating infectious diseases caused by the tested pathogens
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: A Comprehensive Review of Currently Used Methods
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as a major threat to public health globally. Accurate and rapid detection of resistance to antimicrobial drugs, and subsequent appropriate antimicrobial treatment, combined with antimicrobial stewardship, are essential for controlling the emergence and spread of AMR. This article reviews common antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) methods and relevant issues concerning the advantages and disadvantages of each method. Although accurate, classic technologies used in clinical microbiology to profile antimicrobial susceptibility are time-consuming and relatively expensive. As a result, physicians often prescribe empirical antimicrobial therapies and broad-spectrum antibiotics. Although recently developed AST systems have shown advantages over traditional methods in terms of testing speed and the potential for providing a deeper insight into resistance mechanisms, extensive validation is required to translate these methodologies to clinical practice. With a continuous increase in antimicrobial resistance, additional efforts are needed to develop innovative, rapid, accurate, and portable diagnostic tools for AST. The wide implementation of novel devices would enable the identification of the optimal treatment approaches and the surveillance of antibiotic resistance in health, agriculture, and the environment, allowing monitoring and better tackling the emergence of AMR
Supplementary data for article: GlaviniÄ, U.; RajkoviÄ, M.; Vunduk, J.; VejnoviÄ, B.; StevanoviÄ, J.; MilenkoviÄ, I.; StanimiroviÄ, Z. Effects of Agaricus bisporus Mushroom Extract on Honey Bees Infected with Nosema ceranae. Insects 2021, 12 (10). https://doi.org/10.3390/insects12100915.
Supplementary material for: [https://doi.org/10.3390/insects12100915]Related to published version: [https://vet-erinar.vet.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2234
Effects of agaricus bisporus mushroom extract on honey bees infected with nosema ceranae
Agaricus bisporus water crude extract was tested on honey bees for the first time. The first part of the cage experiment was set for selecting one concentration of the A. bisporus extract. Concentration of 200 Āµg/g was further tested in the second part of the experiment where bee survival and food consumption were monitored together with Nosema infection level and expression of five genes (abaecin, hymenoptaecin, defensin, apidaecin, and vitellogenin) that were evaluated in bees sampled on days 7 and 15. Survival rate of Nosema-infected bees was significantly greater in groups fed with A. bisporus-enriched syrup compared to those fed with a pure sucrose syrup. Besides, the anti-Nosema effect of A. bisporus extract was greatest when applied from the third day which coincides with the time of infection with N. ceranae. Daily food consumption did not differ between the groups indicating good acceptability and palatability of the extract. A. bisporus extract showed a stimulative effect on four out of five monitored genes. Both anti-Nosema and nutrigenomic effects of A. bisporus extract were observed when supplementation started at the moment of N. ceranae infection or preventively (before or simultaneously with the infection)