Razvoj tradicionalne sveučilišne poslovne škole u tržišno orijentiranog ponuđača akademskog znanja

By accession to the European Union (EU) transition countries from Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) entered a dynamic period of comprehensive change in their national societal context. Part of that changing context is the Bologna Process, by which higher education will be increasingly integrated into a unified European cross-border higher education area. Proposed harmonization of higher education structures is viewed as one of the key pillars in transforming Europe into a knowledge-driven society with more competitive businesses and higher education. In the process of dynamic transition of CEE countries university business schools are also confronted with a variety of external challenges, particularly with increased competitive pressure evolving from a globalization of knowledge production and business education which aff ect their future prosperity in the emerging European Higher Education Area. In the article we critically evaluate key strategic developments in a broader business education context from a perspective of their implications for the university business schools in transition countries in their effort to accomplish a proper strategic adjustment to changes in society. On the basis of comprehensive analysis of relevant institutional context, we present the conceptual framework for a strategic alignment of business schools with a changing European higher education reality.Svojim pridruživanjem Europskoj uniji (EU) tranzicijske zemlje Srednje i Istočne Europe (SIE) ušle su dinamično razdoblje sveobuhvatnih promjena i u vlastitom nacionalnom društvenom okruženju. U okviru ovih promjena je i Bolonjski proces, pomoću kojega će se visoko školstvo u sve većem opsegu integrirati u zajednički europski prostor visokoškolskog obrazovanja. Predviđeno usklađivanje visokoškolskih struktura zamišljeno je kao jedan od stupova u transformaciji Europe u društvo znanja s konkurentnijim poduzećima i visokim školstvom. U procesu dinamične transformacije zemalja iz regije SIE i sveučilišne poslovne škole suočavaju se s raznolikim vanjskim izazovima, posebice s pojačanim konkurentskim pritiscima, koji proizlaze iz globalizacije produkcije znanja i poslovnog obrazovanja. Ove promjene itekako će utjecati na njihov budući prosperitet u okviru nastajanja jedinstvenog europskog visokoškolskog prostora. U članku se kritički ocjenjuju ključne strateške promjene u širem kontekstu poslovnog obrazovanja sa stajališta njihovih implikacija na sveučilišne poslovne škole u poslovnom okruženju u tranzicijskim zemljama i njihovih napora za primjenu primjerene strateške prilagodbe promjenama u društvu. Na osnovi sveobuhvatne analize relevantnog institucionalnog konteksta potom se iznosi konceptualni okvir za stratešku prilagodbu poslovnih škola promjenama u europskoj visokoškolskoj stvarnosti

Dijagonalna kumulacija porijekla kao institucionalni poticajni mehanizam EU za promociju međunarodne trgovine i poslova

In this paper we explore the effects of a diagonal cumulation of origin as the EU’s Common Commercial Policy (CCP) incentive mechanism that affects the intraregional trade and transaction cost structure of firms engaged in cross-border business operation. The research explores how firms should frame their crossborder physical flows of goods and the configuration of their value-adding processes for taking advantage of diagonal cumulation of origin. The empirical analysis is based on an in-depth case study of effects of the ‘SAP+ diagonal cumulation of origin’ on changes in the transaction cost structure of a selected Slovenian firm operating within the household-appliance sector in one of the Western Balkan Countries. Based on eligibility of local subsidiary for using origin of goods in its import/export transactions the cost calculations were made for its products and then three different business scenarios were developed for showing the effects of the mechanism on transaction cost changes of a firm. The paper concludes that, at the conceptual level, the mechanism of diagonal cumulation oforigin may serve as an effective institutional cross-border trade-promoting tool.U ovom radu istražujemo dijagonalnu kumulaciju porijekla kao institucionalni mehanizam zajedničke trgovinske politike EU za poticanje intra-regionalne trgovine, a koja može istovremeno pogodno utjecati i na strukturu transakcijskih troškova poduzeća. Ovaj rad izučava implikacije ovog mehanizma za transakcijske troškove poduzeća u međunarodnom poslovanju osobito iz perspektive načina na koje mogu poduzeća konfigurirati vlastite prekogranične fizičke robne tokove i procese za kreiranje dodane vrijednosti kako bi mogla iskoristiti efekte dijagonalne kumulacije porijekla. Empirijsko istraživanje je provedeno bilo pomoću detaljne studije slučaja na temelju simulacije efekata ‘SAP dijagonalne kumulacije porijekla’ na promjene u strukturi transakcijskih troškova određenog slovenskog poduzeća u sektoru proizvodnje kućanskih aparata u jednoj od država Zapadnog Balkana. Na temelju statusa lokalne podružnice kao korisnika koncesije porijekla robe u njenim izvozno/uvoznim transakcijama napravljene su kalkulacije troškova za njene proizvode kao osnova za simulaciju tri scenarija učinaka mehanizma porijekla na promjene transakcijskih troškova poduzeća. U radu se zaključuje, da na konceptualnoj razini mehanizam dijagonalne kumulacije porijekla može poslužiti kao efikasan institucionalni mehanizam za poticanje prekogranične trgovine

Dijagonalna kumulacija porijekla kao institucionalni poticajni mehanizam EU za promociju međunarodne trgovine i poslova

In this paper we explore the effects of a diagonal cumulation of origin as the EU’s Common Commercial Policy (CCP) incentive mechanism that affects the intraregional trade and transaction cost structure of firms engaged in cross-border business operation. The research explores how firms should frame their crossborder physical flows of goods and the configuration of their value-adding processes for taking advantage of diagonal cumulation of origin. The empirical analysis is based on an in-depth case study of effects of the ‘SAP+ diagonal cumulation of origin’ on changes in the transaction cost structure of a selected Slovenian firm operating within the household-appliance sector in one of the Western Balkan Countries. Based on eligibility of local subsidiary for using origin of goods in its import/export transactions the cost calculations were made for its products and then three different business scenarios were developed for showing the effects of the mechanism on transaction cost changes of a firm. The paper concludes that, at the conceptual level, the mechanism of diagonal cumulation oforigin may serve as an effective institutional cross-border trade-promoting tool.U ovom radu istražujemo dijagonalnu kumulaciju porijekla kao institucionalni mehanizam zajedničke trgovinske politike EU za poticanje intra-regionalne trgovine, a koja može istovremeno pogodno utjecati i na strukturu transakcijskih troškova poduzeća. Ovaj rad izučava implikacije ovog mehanizma za transakcijske troškove poduzeća u međunarodnom poslovanju osobito iz perspektive načina na koje mogu poduzeća konfigurirati vlastite prekogranične fizičke robne tokove i procese za kreiranje dodane vrijednosti kako bi mogla iskoristiti efekte dijagonalne kumulacije porijekla. Empirijsko istraživanje je provedeno bilo pomoću detaljne studije slučaja na temelju simulacije efekata ‘SAP dijagonalne kumulacije porijekla’ na promjene u strukturi transakcijskih troškova određenog slovenskog poduzeća u sektoru proizvodnje kućanskih aparata u jednoj od država Zapadnog Balkana. Na temelju statusa lokalne podružnice kao korisnika koncesije porijekla robe u njenim izvozno/uvoznim transakcijama napravljene su kalkulacije troškova za njene proizvode kao osnova za simulaciju tri scenarija učinaka mehanizma porijekla na promjene transakcijskih troškova poduzeća. U radu se zaključuje, da na konceptualnoj razini mehanizam dijagonalne kumulacije porijekla može poslužiti kao efikasan institucionalni mehanizam za poticanje prekogranične trgovine

PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCES OF GRADUATES AS A LABOUR MARKET MECHANISM FOR ALIGNING BUSINESS SCHOOL CURRICULUM REFORM WITH THE BOLOGNA DECLARATION PRINCIPLES

Higher education institutions in Europe have been recently faced with a rapidly changing external framework for developing new study programmes and their curricula. The main contribution of our paper is to provide a better insight into the skills and competences of business school graduates needed at the labour market, as seen by employers, graduates of business schools, and academics. The paper attempts to enhance our understanding of different aspects of curriculum revision by incorporating professional competences into the early stages of the curriculum development process. In this paper, the experience of the Faculty of Economics and Business from Maribor (Slovenia), which has transformed its bachelor and master study programmes according to the principles set out in the Bologna Declaration, also is presented and discussed

Globalisation of Business Education Market and Strategic Alignment of University Business School

S podpisom Bolonjske deklaracije je pričela Slovenija novo preobrazbo visokega šolstva. V prispevku analiziramo izzive za transformacijo poslovnih šol: globaliziranje poslovnega izobraževanja, pomen znanja menedžerjev za konkurenčnost podjetij, kritike glede relevantnosti prispevka poslovnih šol podjetjem in privatizacijo visokega šolstva. S porajanjem evropskega visokošolskega prostora se krepi konkurenca med poslovnimi šolami, zato orisuje razparava izzive za strateško prilagajanje poslovnih šol v dinamičnem tržnem okolju in spremenljivem slovenskem akademskem kontekstu.By signing the Bologna Declaration Slovenia has entered the higher education reform. In the article we analyse challenges for business school transformation: globalisation of business education, the role of knowledge for firm competitiveness, critique about the relevancy of business school contribution to businesses, and privatisation of higher education. By creation of the European Higher Education Area competition for business schools will increase, therefore we analyse in the article challenges for their strategic alignment with dynamic market and changing Slovenian academic context

Profesionalne kompetencije diplomiranih studenata kao mehanizam tržišta rada za usklađivanje nastavnog programa poslovnih škola s principima Bolonjskog procesa

Higher education institutions in Europe have been recently faced with a rapidly changing external framework for developing new study programmes and their curricula. The main contribution of our paper is to provide a better insight into the skills and competences of business school graduates needed at the labour market, as seen by employers, graduates of business schools, and academics. The paper attempts to enhance our understanding of different aspects of curriculum revision by incorporating professional competences into the early stages of the curriculum development process. In this paper also the experience of the Faculty of Economics and Business from Slovenia, which has transformed its bachelor and master study programmes according to the principles set out in Bologna Declaration, is presented and discussed.Visokoškolske ustanove u Europi odnedavno se suočavaju s brzom promjenom vanjskog okvira djelovanja za razvoj novih studijskih i nastavnih programa. Temeljni doprinos ovog rada je pružanje boljeg uvida u sposobnosti i kompetencije diplomiranih studenata potrebne na tržištu rada, kako ih vide poslodavci, diplomanti i članovi akademske zajednice. Radom se pokušava povećati razumijevanje različitih aspekata revizije nastavnog programa uključivanjem profesionalnih kompetencija u rane faze razvoja nastavnog programa. Također se predstavlja i obrazlaže iskustvo Ekonomskog i poslovnog fakulteta iz Maribora (Slovenija), koji je također transformirao svoje preddiplomske i diplomske nastavne programe u skladu s principima Bolonjskog procesa

Dinamična tržno naravnana strateška preobrazba univerzitetnih poslovnih šol v tranzicijskih državah kot institucionalni odziv povečani internacionalizaciji poslovnega izobraževanja

The emerging transition to knowledge driven society is accompanied by changing view of knowledge that is increasingly treating as a marketable goods and key source of firms\u27 competitive advantage. In a process of dynamic transformation of European higher education university business schools in Central and Eastern European Countries are confronted with the variety of new strategic challenges characterized by increased competition of new knowledge providers in the market, constant pressure from emerging globalisation of higher education, restrictive budgetary funding practices and politically induced privatisation of higher education as part of government policy of liberalisation of the economy. In the article we elaborate a market-oriented academic management concept as a key tool for successful transformation of traditional university business school into a modern academic business knowledge provider. After analysing key challenges in changing European higher education context we present a requisitely holistic strategic framework for strategic business school management that is based on understanding of complexities of dynamic business education environment and the need for holistic and integrative strategic school\u27s response. It is featured by the creative integration of market and academic sides of strategy into a consistent strategic tool for management of business schools\u27 academic services and processes and aligning them with the requirements of key external stakeholder in a dynamic business education context

avtor dr. Tone Hrastelj

Slovenska strokovna javnost je nedavno dobila zanimivo in aktualno znastveno monografijo izpod peresa priznanega praktika in teoretika mednarodnega trženja prof.dr.Toneta Hrastelja. Po operativnih vidikih mednarodnega poslovanja (knjiga Mednarodno poslovanje iz leta 1980) je avtor že pred nekaj leti s svojim delom Podjetniški izzivi mednarodnega poslovanja (GV,1995) spretno prepletel operativno dimenzijo mednarodnega poslovanja s strateškimi vidiki mednarodnega trženja in trženjiskih strategij. S knjigo Mednarodno poslovanje v vrtincu novih priložnosti, ki je izšla pri založbi Gospodarski vestnik (GV,Ljubljana 2001, 338 str.) je avtor posegel v obravnavanje nekaterih temeljev zasnove mednarodnega trženja, vpetega v globalno tržno okolje, saj se loteva razkrivanja tančic spletanja odnosov med tržnimi subjekti v procesih menjave na globalnem trgu

Porajanje virtualnega globalnega trga in njegovi vplivi na mednarodni marketing

Kljub zaenkrat še relativno manjšemu obsegu svetovne trgovine prek interneta v primerjavi s konvencionalno mednarodno trgovino postaja svetovni splet ena od ključnih inovacij sodobne informacijske tehnologije, ki nakazuje novo obdobje v razvoju paradigme trženja na prehodu v 21. stoletje in napoveduje temeljne spremembe v načinu organiziranosti poslovnih procesov in konceptih menedžmenta podjetij. Internet ustvarja kontekst za globalni virtualni trg z aktivnimi in suverenimi porabniki, katerih položaj na trgu se močno krepi zaradi neoviranega dostopa do informacij o trgu in tržni ponudbi, zato lahko v procesu menjave okrepijo svojo pogajalsko pozicijo nasproti dobaviteljem, s tem pa paradigma konvencionalnega množičnega trženja polagoma prehaja v trženje, ki temelji na interaktivnem izgrajevanju neposrednih odnosov z vsakim posameznim porabnikom in ustvarjanju drugačnih (partnerskih, uravnoteženih, trajnejših, donosnih v daljšem obdobju) odnosov med dobavitelji in odjemalci na trgu. Internet ni zgolj le eden od novih distribucijskih in komunikacijskih kanalov. temveč postaja očitno precej več. Nakazuje spreminjanje temeljne paradigme trženja, ki tudi malim podjetjem omogoča učinkovit vstop na svetovni trg. Zaradi interaktivnosti v komuniciranju pa vpliva tudi na spremembo tradicionalnega razmerja moči med tržnimi udeleženci in vzpostavlja nove odnose med njimi, tako da s porajanjem novega poslovnega modela fizične razdalje med trgi in s tem tudi med kupci in dobavitelji izgubljajo pomen, podjetjem pa se ponuja učinkovit model za razvoj trženja na globalnem trgu. Posledica vsega tega je spreminjanje tradicionalnih konceptov in nastajanje novih pravil uspešnega trženja. Ker se s tem oblikujejo tudi nov okvir za razvoj trženjskega koncepta in novi pristopi za razvijanje trženjskih strategij podjetij, bodo morala slovenska podjetja v bodoče pogumneje in bolj agresivno umestiti internet v koncept bodočega razvoja svoje trženjske in celotne poslovne strategije.In spite of the fact that current level of international trade on the internet is relatively low in comaprison to conventional international trade, Internet represents one of the key emerging information technological innovations on the eve of 21st century, promissing to challenge traditional marketing concept, organisation of business processes and menedžerial concepts. Internet creates a new context for global virtual market, characterized by sovreign customer with easy access to market information and growing bargaining power against suppliers and distributors. Through these underlying changes a new marketing paradigm is emerging and through replacement of the conventional mass marketing concept with one-to-one marketing it relies upon marketing relationship development with each individual customer at once. Interactivity in relationship development with each customer supports strategic shift toward partnerships and more balanced division of power between suppliers and their customers aimed at realising a long-term profitability of these relationships. Internet creates new global market space with active consumers, who are becoming more sovereign market participants due to an unhindered access to market information and consequently, their bargaining power will be increased in the market exchange process. Traditional mass marketing concept will be gradually replaced by direct (one-to-one) marketing, based on interactive development of a firm\u27s relationships with an individual customers and long-term relationships between suppliers and their customers. Internet represents not only a new type of distribution and communication channel, but also delineates profound changes in a basic marketing paradigm and enables also to SME to enter efficiently the global market. It changes the tarditional division of power between market participants in a way it enables customers to be well informed about the market and thus active and powerful subjects who enter well informed into the exchange process. Consequently, also geographic distance between markets are losing their traditional role as barriers to exchange in international marketing and with the emerging virtual global market new concepts for success in the market will replace traditional ones and conventional marketing principles will be changed or rewritten. Companies have the possibility to enter the global market efficiently through Internet and can use this new marketing infrastructure as a framework for active and aggressive development of future marketing and overall business startegies. In this new marketing environment and rules also Slovenian companies will have to encouraged to embed their marketing and business startegies more aggressively into the Internet context