Hypothesis testing for Gaussian states on bosonic lattices

The asymptotic state discrimination problem with simple hypotheses is considered for a cubic lattice of bosons. A complete solution is provided for the problems of the Chernoff and the Hoeffding bounds and Stein's lemma in the case when both hypotheses are gauge-invariant Gaussian states with translation-invariant quasi-free parts.Comment: 22 pages, submitted versio

Relation between the Dynamics of the Reduced Purity and Correlations

A general property of the relation between the dynamics of the reduced purity and correlations is investigated in quantum mechanical systems. We show that a non-zero time-derivative of the reduced purity of a system implies the existence of non-zero correlations with its environment under any unbounded Hamiltonians with finite variance. This shows the role of local dynamical information on the correlations, as well as the role of correlations in the mechanism of purity change.Comment: 7 page

Stationary quantum source coding

In this paper the quantum source coding theorem is obtained for a completely ergodic source. This results extends Shannon's classical theorem as well as Schumacher's quantum noiseless coding theorem for memoryless sources. The control of the memory effects requires earlier results of Hiai and Petz on high probability subspaces.Comment: 8 page

Modulating the catalytic activity of enzyme-like nanoparticles through their surface functionalization

The inclusion of transition metal catalysts into nanoparticle scaffolds permits the creation of catalytic nanosystems (nanozymes) able to imitate the behaviour of natural enzymes. Here we report the fabrication of a family of nanozymes comprised of bioorthogonal ruthenium catalysts inserted in the protective monolayer of gold nanoparticles. By introducing simple modifications to the functional groups at the surface of the nanozymes, we have demonstrated control over the kinetic mechanism of our system. Cationic nanozymes with hydrophobic surface functionalities tend to replicate the classical Michaelis Menten model, while those with polar groups display substrate inhibition behaviour, a key mechanism present in 20% of natural enzymes. The structural parameters described herein can be used for creating artificial nanosystems that mimic the complexity observed in cell machinery. © 2018 The Royal Society of Chemistry

Clavo gamma 3 largo en el tratamiento de las fracturas de cadera: protrusión o perforación de la cortical anterior del fémur a nivel distal.

El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar y establecer los factores relacionados con la protrusión o perforación distal del clavo gamma 3 largo en el tratamiento de las fracturas pertro cantéreas de fémur. Material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo descriptivo, observacional de 112 pacientes tratados con clavo gamma 3. Los criterios de inclusión fueron; pacientes con fracturas de cadera tratados con un clavo gamma 3 largo con un mínimo de un año de seguimiento. Las variables analizadas fueron edad, sexo, lado y tipo de fractura, longitud del clavo, la utilización o no de cerrojos distales, punto de entrada del clavo, estado de la cortical externa y complicaciones postoperatorias. Se evaluó la distancia del clavo a la cortical anterior en perfil (mm) y la distancia del extremo distal hasta la tróclea femoral en antero-posterior (mm). Resultados: de los 112 casos, 84 (75%) fueron mujeres y 28 (25%) hombres. La edad media fue de 82,6 años (57-98), 78 años en los hombres y 84 años en las mujeres. En 14 casos (12,5%) hubo protrusión del clavo (8 casos) o perforación de la cortical (6 casos). Todos ellos se produjeron en mujeres. No se observaron diferencias entre el punto de entrada del clavo, edad, longitud del clavo con la presencia o no de protrusión o perforación de la cortical anterior, en cambio fueron más frecuentes cuando se utilizaron los cerrojos distales (p=0,05)The aim of this paper is to evaluate and establish the factors associated with perforation or protrusion of distal femur with the long gamma nail in the treatment of trochanteric fractures of the femur. Materials and methods: Retrospective descriptive, observational study of 112 patients treated with the 3 gamma nail. Inclusion criteria were: patients with hip fractures treated with a 3 long gamma nail with a minimum of one year follow up. The variables analysed were age, sex, side and type of fracture, nail length, the use of locks or distal nail entry point, state of the external cortical and postoperative complications. Distance was evaluated between the nail and the anterior cortex (mm) and the distance from the distal end to the femoral trochlea (mm). Results: Of the 112 cases, 84 (75%) were women and 28 (25%) men. The average age was 82.6 years (57-98), 78 years in men and 84 years for women. In 14 cases (12.5%), protrusion was found (8 cases) and perforation of the cortical (6 cases). All of them were in women. No differences were observed between the entry point of the nail, age, length of the nail with the presence or absence of protrusion or perforation anterior cortical, instead were more frequent when we used distal locks (p = 0.05

Avaliação da governança da água em bacias hidrográficas do Rio de Janeiro como suporte ao gerenciamento dos recursos hídricos.

A governança da água vem ganhando importância, pois se percebeu que a crise da água está muitas vezes relacionada às deficiências na tomada de decisão. A Lei Nacional da Água permitiu com que o Brasil criasse interessantes instrumentos para a gestão integrada e sustentável da água, incluindo diferentes atores locais na tomada de decisão no âmbito dos comitês de bacias hidrográficas. No Rio de Janeiro há nove comitês de bacias os que abastecem a maior parte da população são: Guandu, Lagos São João e Guapi-Macacu. Este estudo avaliou o seu desempenho em relação à governança da água. Embora a disponibilidade de água não seja um problema, o crescimento demográfico e econômico geram aumento da demanda e, consequentemente, das fontes de poluição da água. Por meio da adaptação do método Barômetro da Governança Local a percepção de diferentes atores locais foi obtida por meio de entrevistas com diferentes atores, quelevaram em conta: efetividade, eficiência, transparência, regras e leis, prestação de contas, resolução de conflitos, conscientização, participação, equidade, mobilização e articulação. Lacunas na estrutura de governança da água foram identificadas em diferentes níveis nas bacias estudadas. Para melhorar o seu nível é importante focar em alguns aspectos tais como: educação ambiental, empoderamento local, diálogo entre os níveis estaduais e municipais, eficiência do uso da água e na transparência do processo decisório

Numerical study of the aerodynamics of sound sources in a bass-reflex port

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.The aim of this paper is to study the aerodynamics phenomena of a bass-reflex port that causes noise in the audible frequency range. After discarding structural and mechanical vibration issues, the hypothesis considered is that vortex shedding is the source of the noise. Experimental and numerical evidences of the vortex, an analysis of its noise and the similarities between real and simulated performance are presented. The numerically simulated cases with the original geometry are excited at different frequencies and with modifications of the port geometry. Likewise, the internal performance of an enclosure with a closed port was simulated. The simulations have been performed with axisymmetrical geometries using the open-source OpenFOAM® toolbox. Moreover, experimental measurements were carried out. First, acoustic signal experiments were done to analyse the response of the bass-reflex ports. Secondly, a structure vibration measurement was conducted in order to exclude the cabinet structure vibration as a source of the noise in question. A good agreement was found between numerical and experimental results, especially in the frequency band of the detected noise, i.e. the 1000–1500 Hz range. Despite no remarkable improvement being made with the geometry changes explored, the presented CFD approach has proved a useful and cost-effective tool to address this kind of phenomenon.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Avaliação da governança da água em bacias hidrográficas do Rio de Janeiro como suporte ao gerenciamento dos recursos hídricos.

A governança da água vem ganhando importância, pois se percebeu que a crise da água está muitas vezes relacionada às deficiências na tomada de decisão. A Lei Nacional da Água permitiu com que o Brasil criasse interessantes instrumentos para a gestão integrada e sustentável da água, incluindo diferentes atores locais na tomada de decisão no âmbito dos comitês de bacias hidrográficas. No Rio de Janeiro há nove comitês de bacias os que abastecem a maior parte da população são: Guandu, Lagos São João e Guapi-Macacu. Este estudo avaliou o seu desempenho em relação à governança da água. Embora a disponibilidade de água não seja um problema, o crescimento demográfico e econômico geram aumento da demanda e, consequentemente, das fontes de poluição da água. Por meio da adaptação do método Barômetro da Governança Local a percepção de diferentes atores locais foi obtida por meio de entrevistas com diferentes atores, que levaram em conta: efetividade, eficiência, transparência, regras e leis, prestação de contas, resolução de conflitos, conscientização, participação, equidade, mobilização e articulação. Lacunas na estrutura de governança da água foram identificadas em diferentes níveis nas bacias estudadas. Para melhorar o seu nível é importante focar em alguns aspectos tais como: educação ambiental, empoderamento local, diálogo entre os níveis estaduais e municipais, eficiência do uso da água e na transparência do processo decisório

Non-intrusive assessment of photosystem II and photosystem I in whole coral tissues

© 2017 Szabó, Larkum, Suggett, Vass, Sass, Osmond, Zavafer, Ralph and Chow. Reef building corals (phylum Cnidaria) harbor endosymbiotic dinoflagellate algae (genus Symbiodinium) that generate photosynthetic products to fuel their host's metabolism. Non-invasive techniques such as chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence analyses of Photosystem II (PSII) have been widely used to estimate the photosynthetic performance of Symbiodinium in hospite. However, since the spatial origin of PSII chlorophyll fluorescence in coral tissues is uncertain, such signals give limited information on depth-integrated photosynthetic performance of the whole tissue. In contrast, detection of absorbance changes in the near infrared (NIR) region integrates signals from deeper tissue layers due to weak absorption and multiple scattering of NIR light. While extensively utilized in higher plants, NIR bio-optical techniques are seldom applied to corals. We have developed a non-intrusive measurement method to examine photochemistry of intact corals, based on redox kinetics of the primary electron donor in Photosystem I (P700) and chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics (Fast-Repetition Rate fluorometry, FRRf). Since the redox state of P700 depends on the operation of both PSI and PSII, important information can be obtained on the PSII-PSI intersystem electron transfer kinetics. Under moderate, sub-lethal heat stress treatments (33◦ C for~20 min), the coral Pavona decussata exhibited down-regulation of PSII electron transfer kinetics, indicated by slower rates of electron transport from QA to plastoquinone (PQ) pool, and smaller relative size of oxidized PQ with concomitant decrease of a specifically-defined P700 kinetics area, which represents the active pool of PSII. The maximum quantum efficiency of PSII (Fv /Fm ) and functional absorption cross-section of PSII (σPSII ) remained unchanged. Based on the coordinated response of P700 parameters and PSII-PSI electron transport properties, we propose that simple P700 kinetics parameters as employed here serve as indicators of the integrity of PSII-PSI electron transfer dynamics in corals