Reconstruction of boundary controls in parabolic systems

In the paper, an inverse dynamic problem is considered. It consists in reconstructing a priori unknown boundary controls in dynamical systems described by boundary value problems for partial differential equations of parabolic type. The source information for solving the inverse problem is the results of approximate measurements of the states of the observed system's motion. The problem is solved in the static case; i. e., to solve it, we use all the measurement data accumulated during some specified observation interval. The problem under consideration is ill-posed. To solve it, we propose the Tikhonov method with a stabilizer containing the sum of the mean-square norm and total time variation of the control. The use of such nondifferentiable stabilizer allows us to obtain more precise results than the approximation of the desired control in the Lebesgue spaces. In particular, this method provides the pointwise and piecewise uniform convergences of regularized approximations and makes possible the numerical reconstruction of the subtle structure of the desired control. In the paper, the subgradient projection method for obtaining a minimizing sequence for the Tikhonov functional is described and substantiated. Also, we demonstrate the two-stage finitedimensional approximation of the problem and present the results of numerical simulation. © 2013 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

Досвід підготовки кадрів для сектору безпеки та оборони провідних країн світу та шляхи його впровадження в Україні

The features and general characteristics of personnel training system for the defense and security sector of world leading countries have been determined. The best practices of training, retraining and advanced training system of personnel for special units of different countries that perform tasks of maintaining peace and order have been analyzed. The ways of implementing international experience into personnel training system of the relevant special services of Ukraine have been offered. The authors have made conclusions on the need to develop new rational and scientifically based organizational and nominal structure in the defense and security sector of Ukraine, to establish close cooperation with international organizations, whose activities are related to the personnel training for security and defense forces. Special attention has been paid to the main component of the personnel training system in defense and security sector of Ukraine – and its practical component, which is in bringing education to the actual conditions of service. The authors have determined the features of the personnel training system for security and defense forces of the most developed countries, where specialization, intensity and short-term training process are clearly expressed. It has been indicated that special attention during the personnel training for the sphere of national security in other countries is paid to foreign languages and other important subjects for the state’s safety in the field of international relations. Special attention has been focused on the need to use the advanced experience of foreign countries on the process of quality selection of personnel for security forces, as well as advanced training of special services officers. The authors have suggested to develop the National strategy of personnel provision of the defense sector of Ukraine.Розглянуто особливості системи підготовки кадрів для сектору безпеки та оборони провідних країн світу, визначено певні загальні риси цієї системи. На підставі аналізу особливостей підготовки кадрів для сектору безпеки та оборони у різних країнах запропоновано шляхи впровадження зарубіжного досвіду в систему підготовки кадрів відповідних спецслужб України

Asymmetric Faraday Effect in a Magnetophotonic Crystal

It is widely known that the magneto-optical Faraday effect is linear in magnetization and therefore the Faraday angles for the states with opposite magnetizations are of opposite sign but equal in modulus. Here we experimentally study propagation of light through a one-dimensional all-garnet magnetophotonic crystal to demonstrate an asymmetric Faraday effect (AFE) for which Faraday angles for opposite magnetic states differ not only in sign but in the absolute value as well. AFE appears in the vicinity of the cavity resonance for an oblique incidence of light which plane of polarization is inclined to the incidence plane. Under proper incidence and polarization angles the magnitude of AFE could be very large reaching 30% of the absolute value of the Faraday effect. The effect originates from the difference in Q-factors for p- and s- polarized cavity modes that breaks the symmetry between the two opposite directions of polarization rotation. The discovered AFE is of prime importance for nanoscale magnonics and optomagnetism.Comment: Supplementary information provided after the main tex

Obtaining of niobium-containing ferroalloys from the Russian ore raw materials

The possibility of processing niobium-containing pyrochlore-apatite concentrates obtained from ores of Beloziminskoye deposit has been studied. A two-stage scheme for selective reduction of phosphorus into a metal phase to obtain low-phosphorus niobium-containing slag was suggested. The reduction of phosphorus and iron was carried out by a carbothermic method using coke and pig iron carbon as the reducing agent. Pig iron chip and magnetite product (80 % Fe2O3) were used as the precipitating agent. In laboratory and semi-industrial conditions the basic possibility of selective separation and sedimentation of phosphorus (to 91 %) and iron from a niobic concentrate without considerable reduction of niobium (up to 1-2 %), according to the two-stage scheme with minimum possible temperature of process during the first period (∼ 1260 C) and hot soak at the increased temperature (∼ 1450 C) during the second period were shown. Obtained low-phosphorus niobium-containing slag after crushing can be used for ferroniobium production according to existing technological schemes. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd

Digital technologies in preschool education: on the way to democratization

The aim of the study is to describe the methodology and techniques of multimedia games development, which can be applied by teachers-practitioners to create their own games, which allows to realize the idea of activating and stimulating the educational process in an inclusive environment.Цель исследования состоит в описании методологии и приемов разработки мультимедиаигр, которые могут быть применены педагогами-практиками для создания собственных игр, что позволяет реализовать идею активизирующего и стимулирующего образовательного процесса в инклюзивной среде

Digital Gamified Resources in Professional Education

На примере авторского геймифицированного ресурса представлены основные принципы его разработки: сочетание звука, цвета и анимации, наличие цепочки взаимосвязанных действий (сценарий), подкрепление игровой мотивации (отличной, например, от получения оценки), увлекательность, динамичность.On the example of the author's gamified resource, the main principles of its development are presented: the combination of sound, color and animation, the presence of a chain of interrelated actions (scenario), the reinforcement of game motivation (different, for example, from receiving an assessment), fun, dynamism

Hydrothermal transformations of organic matter of low permeability rocks from domanic formation of the romashkino oil field

© 2018, © 2018 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. The oil generating potential of Domanic rocks from Dankov–Lebedyan horizon of the Zelenogorsk area of Romashkino oil field was evaluated by Rock-Eval pyrolysis technique. The result of given method depends on the content, composition, and thermal stability of organic matter in rocks. During hydrothermal processes, the distinctive conversion behavior of organic matter at temperatures of 200°С, 250°С, 300°С, and 350°С in CO2environment was revealed. The yield of obtained aquathermolysis products and their quality were evaluated. The results of the studies suggest that low-permeability carbonate rocks of the Dankov–Lebedyan horizon contain productive beds with content of Corg1.89–3.03%, which when developed using thermal methods, can become an additional source of liquid hydrocarbons

DIFFERENTIATION OF NK CELLS. A LOOK THROUGH THE PRISM OF TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS AND INTRACELLULAR MESSENGERS

All lymphoid cells are referred to as an innate or adaptive immunity unit in terms of the mechanisms of performing immune reactions. The functional activity of natural killer (NK) cells is not associated with pre-activation processes resulting from contact with antigen, rearrangement of antigen-recognition receptor genes, and clonal proliferation. In this regard, NK cells are traditionally referred to as cells of innate immunity. Previously, it was believed that NK cells represent the only population of innate immunity lymphoid cells, but, more recently, there has been increasing evidence in the literature concerning existence of different populations of these cells, thus serving a basis for isolating a common cluster called Innate Lymphoid Cells (ILC). According to the ILC classification, NK cells are classified as the first group of innate lymphoid cells according to their overall functional characteristics, as well as contribution of the T-bet transcription factor to their differentiation. Complexity, multistage and partially nonlinear character of NK cell differentiation are associated with influence of the cellular microenvironment, consistent expression of transcription factors and activation of various intracellular signaling pathways in NK cells. The review considers positioning of NK cells in the ILC classification, the main transcription factors involved in NK cell differentiation. The authors are seeking for generalization of the major routes of intracellular signal transmission in NK cells depending on their activation by cytokines located in the cellular microenvironment and affecting NK cells. The decidual NK cells during pregnancy represent a special object of NK cell differentiation. Stromal cells, trophoblast cells and macrophages are present in the decidua, in addition to NK cells. The review concerns a special case of microenvironmental effects upon expression of transcription factors and activation of NK intracellular messengers, while considering trophoblast cells an example of such influences. The recently discovered variety of NK cells, induced by the microenvironment in the course of their differentiation, requires further study

Шляхи вдосконалення державної політики у сфері боротьби з організованою злочинністю

Федосова О. В. Шляхи вдосконалення державної політики у сфері боротьби з організованою злочинністю / Федосова О. В., Михайлова Ю. О. // Науковий вісник публічного та приватного права. - 2016. - Вип. 6, т. 2. - С. 190-195.Статтю присвячено проблемам сучасного стану правового регулювання боротьби з організованою злочинністю. Проаналізовано наукові підходи до сутності організованої злочинності. З’ясовано причини, що сприяють зростанню рівня організованої злочинності в сучасних умовах. Запропоновано перспективні напрями державної політики у сфері боротьби з організованою злочинністю.The article is focused on the problems of the modern state of legal regulation on combating organized crime. Scientific approaches on the essence of the organized crime have been analyzed. The reasons assisting the growth of the level of the organized crime in modern conditions have been clarified. Perspective areas of the state policy in the sphere of combating organized crime have been suggested.Статья посвящена проблемам современного состояния правового регулирования борьбы с организованной преступностью. Проанализированы научные подходы относительно сущности организованной преступности. Обозначены причины, способствующие росту уровня организованной преступности в современных условиях. Предложены перспективные направления государственной политики в сфере борьбы с организованной преступностью

Screening of West Siberian patients with primary congenital glaucoma for CYP1B1 gene mutations

Primary congenital glaucoma (PСG) is a visual organ pathology that leads to progressive blindness and poor vision in children. Its main cause is an anomaly of the anterior chamber angle. Most cases of PСG are sporadic, but familial cases with an autosomal recessive (predominantly) and autosomal dominant (rare) type of inheritance have been described. Congenital glaucoma is a rare condition (1 case per 10,000–20,000 newborns), but its prevalence is substantially higher (up to 1 case per 250 newborns) in countries where consanguineous marriages are common. Mutations in the CYP1B1 gene, which encodes cytochrome P450 1B1, are the most common cause of autosomal recessive primary congenital glaucoma. This enzyme is known to be involved in retinoic acid metabolism and is necessary for normal eye development. The aim of this work was to assess the polymorphism of the CYP1B1 gene among West Siberian patients with primary congenital glaucoma. Direct automatic Sanger sequencing of exons and adjacent splicing sites of the CYP1B1 gene was carried out in 28 people with the PCG phenotype from a West Siberian region. As a result, in the sample of the white population we examined, pathogenic variants previously described in other ethnic groups were revealed: E387K (rs55989760), R444* (rs377049098), R444Q (rs72549376), and P437L (rs56175199), as well as novel single-nucleotide deletion p.F114Lfs*38 in the CYP1B1 gene. The latter can cause a frame shift, changed amino acid composition, and a formation of truncated in the protein. None of the detected mutations were found in the control sample of ophthalmologically examined individuals without PCG (100 people). Variants R444* (rs377049098) and R444Q (rs72549376) were not found in the general population sample either (576 randomly selected West Siberia residents). All the detected mutations caused the development of the autosomal recessive form of primary congenital glaucoma. The most severe clinical phenotype was observed in carriers of mutations in codon 444 of the gene. Consequently, in children with signs of increased intraocular pressure, molecular genetic analysis of the CYP1B1 gene is advisable for early diagnosis and timely initiation of PCG therapy