11 research outputs found
Association of the HTR2A T102C SNP with Weight Gain and Changes in Biochemical Markers in Patients Receiving Antipsychotics
Get PDFThe purpose of our research was to study the association of the HTR2A T102C (rs6313) SNP with anthropometric and biochemical markers in patients treated with typical and atypical antipsychotics in monotherapy mode.
Materials and methods: One hundred and seventeen white inpatients (95 men and 22 women) with F2 disorders (ICD-10, 1995) were enrolled in the study. All patients were divided into two groups by the antipsychotic class with which they were treated (Group 1 included 40 patients treated with typical antipsychotics; Group 2 included 77 patients treated with atypical antipsychotics) and two subgroups by weight change criteria during the study (Subgroup 1 included patients with weight change >6%; Subgroup 2 included patients with weight change <6%). The following examinations were performed: physical examination, anthropometric measurements (BMI. WC, TC), clinical examination, blood test (ALT, AST, FPG, VLDL-C, LDL-C, HDL-C, total cholesterol, triglycerides, total protein, albumin, creatinine, uric acid, carbamide), and genotyping for the HTR2A T102C (rs6313) SNP.
Results: There were no statistically significant differences in the distribution of genotypes of the HTR2A T102C (rs6313) SNP between Group 1 and Group 2 (P>0.05). Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance between subgroups showed statistically significant differences between carbamide levels in the second visit in Group 2 (P=0.02). A Dunn post hoc test with Bonferroni adjustment showed statistically significant differences between TT and CT genotypes of the HTR2A T102C SNP: carbamide level was greater in TT carriers (P=0.02). The strength of associations and risks between alleles of the HTR2A T102C SNP and antipsychotic-induced weight change were as follows: ORC=0.49; CIC [0.25; 0.95]; RRC=0.58 CIC [0.35; 0.97]; ORT=2.03; CIT [1.05; 3.94]; RRT=1.7 CIT [1.02; 2.81].
Conclusion: Our results of the pilot pharmacogenetic studies show an association of the T allele carriage of the HTR2A T102C SNP with risk of antipsychotic-induced weight gain. The continuation of this study and an increase in the sample size will allow establishing valid pharmacogenetic markers for the risk of antipsychotic-induced weight gain
One-dimensional model of steady-state discharge process in hydrogen-bromate flow battery
No full textInternational audienceTheoretical analysis has been developed for the reduction reaction of the non-electroactive bromate anion from its aqueous solution at a thin-layer porous electrode on the surface of a membrane transporting protons from anode under steady-state 1D conditions. The cathodic process is realized via a cycle composed of the reversible Br2 to 2 Br− transformation and of the irreversible (owing to high acidity of the solution) comproportionation reaction between bromate and bromide which regenerates bromine. Protons (assumed to be in great excess) are transported to the comproportionation-reaction (kinetic) layer near the electrode both via the membrane and from the bulk solution. As it has been demonstrated by calculations for the dependence of the local value of the maximal current density, jmax, on the local value of the diffusion layer thickness, zd, high values of the current density cannot be achieved for relatively thin diffusion layers. Contrary to intuitive expectations, for sufficiently thick diffusion layers the current density may reach extremely high values comparable with the diffusion-limited flux of bromate anions (if they could react at the electrode), even for a tracer amount of Br2 in the bulk solution. Such strong steady-state currents originate from the autocatalytic character of this redox-mediating cycle (EC″ mechanism) resulting in progressive accumulation of the components of the Br2/Br− mediating redox couple near the electrode surface. Relations between the fluxes of bromate and bromide anions, protons and bromine across the diffusion layer in solution as well as the flux of protons across the membrane have been established. Approximate analytical expressions for all characteristics of the system (concentration profiles, maximal current, etc.) have been derived for two regimes corresponding either to “weak currents” or to “thin kinetic layer”. The quantitative criterion for protons to be considered as being in great excess compared to bromate anions has been derived for both an ion-impermeable electrode/bromate solution cell (corresponding to the rotating-disk electrode system, RDE) and a proton-exchange membrane/porous electrode/bromate solution configuration
Phosphorylation of 1,3-Di(N-alkyl)Azoles by Phosphorus(V) Acid Chlorides — a Route to Potential Haptens Derived from Phosphinic Acids
Full text linkDifferences in the upper tropospheric and lower stratospheric aerosol composition
No full text&lt;p&gt;The stratosphere and troposphere are the main layers that define a significant part of the atmospheric processes of our planet. They are demarcated by the tropopause - a layer that has a stable stratification and makes it difficult to exchange air between them. As a consequence, the composition of the air differs slightly in the stratosphere and troposphere. However, the tropopause is not a fully material impermeable surface and therefore the exchange of impurities between both layers occurs. Under the conditions of a changing climate, the composition of the air in the troposphere has also noticeably changed. Therefore, it is important to study the processes of air exchange between the troposphere and stratosphere in a warming climate, especially if we take into account that one of the proposed geoengineering methods assumes to affect climate-forming factors by means of spraying sulphate particles into the stratosphere.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Here, we present the results of airborne measurements of the size distribution and chemical composition of aerosols carried out at the tropopause level and in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) using the 'Optik' Tu-134 aircraft laboratory as a research platform. For the analysis, we have chosen 14 flight segments when the aircraft crossed the tropopause, which level was determined by the temperature gradient (up to 2&amp;#176;C/ km). All the selected profiles of atmospheric constituents were measured over the Russian Arctic seas or coastal areas, since the tropopause in the northern latitudes is much lower than in the middle ones.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Significant differences in the elemental composition of aerosol particles were revealed in the UTLS. Si was dominated in the composition of stratospheric particles, and Fe or Al in the tropospheric ones. The ionic composition of the LS aerosols was predominantly represented by sulfates (SO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2-&lt;/sup&gt;), while tropospheric ones by a group of different ions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The particle number size distributions (PNSD) in both UT and LS were dominated by the Aitken mode (20-50 nm). At the same time, there were some differences in PNSD &amp;#8211; in the stratosphere, the distribution curve was shifted towards larger sizes that suggests the older age of particles measured there. It is also important to note that the nucleation mode particles (3&amp;#8211;20 nm) were also detected during some flights in the lower stratosphere. This indicates that, despite the low humidity and the very low content of ammonia here, the processes of the new particle formation (NPF) in the stratosphere were taking place. Taking into account the dominance of SO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2-&lt;/sup&gt; in the ionic composition, one can be assumed that sulfuric acid played a dominant role in the lower stratospheric NPF.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This work was supported by the grant of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (Agreement No 075-15-2021-934).&lt;/p&gt;</jats:p
One-dimensional model of steady-state discharge process in hydrogen-bromate flow battery
No full textInvestigating chemical composition of the troposphere over the Russian Arctic using the "Optik" Tu-134 aircraft laboratory
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&lt;p&gt;The need to undertake a comprehensive investigation of the atmospheric composition over the Russian segment of the Arctic is caused by a serious lack and irregularity in obtaining observational data from this regio of the Earth. In addition, a comparison of the aircraft in-situ measurements with satellite data retrieved for the Kara Sea region in 2017 revealed large uncertainties in determining the vertical distribution of greenhouse gas concentrations using remote sensing methods. The development and improvement of the last ones needs at least their periodic verification by means of undertaking precise in-situ aircraft measurements.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The general scheme of the proposed experiment is as follows (map is attached): flight from Novosibirsk to Naryan-Mar via Sabetta. From Naryan-Mar, flight to a water area of the Bering Sea (up to 1000 km). Flight from Naryan-Mar to Sabetta. From here, flight to a water area of the Kara Sea (up to 1000 km). Then, flight to Tiksi. Flight from Tiksi to a water area of the Laptev Sea (up to 1000 km). Flight to Chokurdakh or Chersky. From there, flight to a water area of the East Siberian Sea (up to 1000 km). Flight to Cape Schmidt. Flight to a water area of the Chukchi Sea (up to 1000 km). Return route: Cape Shmidt&amp;#8211;Chersky (or Chokurdah)&amp;#8211;Yakutsk&amp;#8211;Bratsk&amp;#8211;Novosibirsk. It will take about 100 hours of flying time to implement the entire aircraft campaign. Campaign period is about 2-3 weeks. It is better to undertake the campaign during summer when the ocean is open. Flights over the land surface are assumed to be undertaken from 0.5 km to 11 km above ground level while above the sea from 0.2 km to 11 km. The flight profile is variable from the maximum possible height to the minimum allowed one. Vertical profiles of gas and aerosol composition will be obtained, including black carbon and organic components, as well as basic meteorological quantities.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Satellite data will be verified that do not yet provide acceptable accuracy. For the first time, unique information will be obtained over the least explored region of the Arctic, which is crucial for the whole planet in terms of climate formation and the impact of global warming.&lt;/p&gt;
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Distribution of trace gases and aerosols in the troposphere over West Siberia and Kara Sea
No full textInternational audienceThe Arctic is affected by climate change much stronger than other regions of the globe. Permafrost thawing can lead to additional methane release, which enhances the greenhouse effect and warming, as well as changes of Arctic tundra ecosystems. A great part of Siberian Arctic is still unexplored. Ground-based investigations are difficult to be carried out in this area due to it is an out-of-the-way place. So, in spite of the high cost, aircraft-based in-situ measurements can provide a good opportunity to fill up the gap in data on the atmospheric composition over this region
Ion Coalescence in Fourier Transform Mass Spectrometry: Should We Worry about This in Shotgun Proteomics?
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