Aves del municipio de Ibagué - Tolima, Colombia

In order to complete the species list as well as distribution and habitat information in Ibagué, the Tolima Bird Observation Group (GOAT), has been carrying out sampling by point counts, intensive searches, strip transects, captures with mist nets (Ralph et al. 1996), and aural identification in 28 localities in the municipality of Ibagué, between 585 and 4400 m during 2004 and 2006.Con el fin de contar con un listado más completo de las aves de Ibagué y brindar información sobre su distribución y hábitat dentro del municipio, el Grupo de Observaciónde Aves del Tolima (GOAT) ha realizado muestreos por puntos, búsqueda intensiva, transectos en franjas, capturas con redes de niebla (Ralph et al. 1996) e identificación auditiva de especies de aves, en 28 localidades ubicadasentre los 540 y 4400m de altitud, durante 2004 y 2006

Clustering COVID-19 ARDS patients through the first days of ICU admission. An analysis of the CIBERESUCICOVID Cohort

Background Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) can be classified into sub-phenotypes according to different inflammatory/clinical status. Prognostic enrichment was achieved by grouping patients into hypoinflammatory or hyperinflammatory sub-phenotypes, even though the time of analysis may change the classification according to treatment response or disease evolution. We aimed to evaluate when patients can be clustered in more than 1 group, and how they may change the clustering of patients using data of baseline or day 3, and the prognosis of patients according to their evolution by changing or not the cluster.Methods Multicenter, observational prospective, and retrospective study of patients admitted due to ARDS related to COVID-19 infection in Spain. Patients were grouped according to a clustering mixed-type data algorithm (k-prototypes) using continuous and categorical readily available variables at baseline and day 3.Results Of 6205 patients, 3743 (60%) were included in the study. According to silhouette analysis, patients were grouped in two clusters. At baseline, 1402 (37%) patients were included in cluster 1 and 2341(63%) in cluster 2. On day 3, 1557(42%) patients were included in cluster 1 and 2086 (57%) in cluster 2. The patients included in cluster 2 were older and more frequently hypertensive and had a higher prevalence of shock, organ dysfunction, inflammatory biomarkers, and worst respiratory indexes at both time points. The 90-day mortality was higher in cluster 2 at both clustering processes (43.8% [n = 1025] versus 27.3% [n = 383] at baseline, and 49% [n = 1023] versus 20.6% [n = 321] on day 3). Four hundred and fifty-eight (33%) patients clustered in the first group were clustered in the second group on day 3. In contrast, 638 (27%) patients clustered in the second group were clustered in the first group on day 3.Conclusions During the first days, patients can be clustered into two groups and the process of clustering patients may change as they continue to evolve. This means that despite a vast majority of patients remaining in the same cluster, a minority reaching 33% of patients analyzed may be re-categorized into different clusters based on their progress. Such changes can significantly impact their prognosis

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

Análisis de la condición corporal de aves Passeriformes en zonas secas del norte del Alto Valle del Magdalena, Colombia

La condición corporal (CC) es la medida del estado nutricional de un animal representada principalmente por el tamaño de sus reservas energéticas. En aves esta condición se relaciona con la aptitud biológica del individuo ya que tiene efectos sobre su comportamiento, éxito reproductivo y supervivencia. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la CC de Passeriformes en un fragmento de bosque seco tropical localizado al norte del departamento del Tolima, Colombia, y analizar sus cambios estacionales e interanuales a lo largo de los años 2010- 2014. Se valoró la CC de 37 especies empleando el índice de masa escalado, el cual incluye datos morfométricos como longitud del ala cuerda, longitud del tarso, longitud total y masa corporal. Las especies que mostraron diferencias estadísticas en la CC pertenecieron a los grupos tróficos Insectívoro, Insectívoro-Frugívoro y Granívoro-Insectívoro. Se encontraron diferencias interanuales (p 0,05) en la CC de Cyclarhis gujanensis, Sporophila funerea, Sporophila schistacea y Volatinia jacarina, y diferencias interestacionales en la CC de Camptostoma obsoletum, Euscarthmus meloryphus y Stelgidopteryx ruficollis. Las únicas especies que mostraron variaciones significativas en ambas escalas temporales fueron Sporophila minuta y Certhiaxis cinnamomeus. Concluimos que la CC varía significativamente en algunas especies de aves a escala estacional o interanual y no de forma global en el ensamblaje de Passeriformes. Esta variación está mediada principalmente por los efectos de la precipitación sobre otras variables del ecosistema como la disponibilidad de alimento, la cual se considera responsable de la contribución energética y la ganancia de peso de los individuos.Body condition (BC) is a measure of the nutritional status of an animal represented mainly by the size of its energy reserves. In birds this condition is related with the biological fitness of the individual as it has effects on its behavior, reproductive success and survival. The aim of this study was to evaluate the BC of passerine birds in a Tropical dry forest fragment located north of the department of Tolima, Colombia, and analyze its seasonal and interannual changes over the years 2010-2014. The BC of 37 species was evaluated using the scaled mass index, which includes morphometric data such as wing chord length, tarsus length, total length, and body mass. The species that showed statistical differences in BC belonged to trophic groups Insectivore, Insectivore-Frugivore and Granivore-Insectivore. Interannual differences (p 0.05) were found in the BC of Cyclarhis gujanensis, Sporophila funerea, Sporophila schistacea and Volatinia jacarina, and interseasonal differences in the BC of Camptostoma obsoletum, Euscarthmus meloryphus and Stelgidopteryx ruficollis. The only species that showed significant variations in both temporal scales were Sporophila minuta and Certhiaxis cinnamomeus. We concluded that BC varies significantly in some bird species on a seasonal or interannual scale and not globally in the Passeriformes assemblage. This variation is mediated mainly by the effects of precipitation on other ecosystem variables such as food availability, which is considered responsible for the energetic contribution and the weight gain of the individuals

Análisis de la condición corporal de aves Passeriformes en zonas secas del norte del Alto Valle del Magdalena, Colombia

La condición corporal (CC) es la medida del estado nutricional de un animal representada principalmente por el tamaño de sus reservas energéticas. En aves esta condición se relaciona con la aptitud biológica del individuo ya que tiene efectos sobre su comportamiento, éxito reproductivo y supervivencia. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la CC de Passeriformes en un fragmento de bosque seco tropical localizado al norte del departamento del Tolima, Colombia, y analizar sus cambios estacionales e interanuales a lo largo de los años 2010- 2014. Se valoró la CC de 37 especies empleando el índice de masa escalado, el cual incluye datos morfométricos como longitud del ala cuerda, longitud del tarso, longitud total y masa corporal. Las especies que mostraron diferencias estadísticas en la CC pertenecieron a los grupos tróficos Insectívoro, Insectívoro-Frugívoro y Granívoro-Insectívoro. Se encontraron diferencias interanuales (p < 0,05) en la CC de Cyclarhis gujanensis, Sporophila funerea, Sporophila schistacea y Volatinia jacarina, y diferencias interestacionales en la CC de Camptostoma obsoletum, Euscarthmus meloryphus y Stelgidopteryx ruficollis. Las únicas especies que mostraron variaciones significativas en ambas escalas temporales fueron Sporophila minuta y Certhiaxis cinnamomeus. Concluimos que la CC varía significativamente en algunas especies de aves a escala estacional o interanual y no de forma global en el ensamblaje de Passeriformes. Esta variación está mediada principalmente por los efectos de la precipitación sobre otras variables del ecosistema como la disponibilidad de alimento, la cual se considera responsable de la contribución energética y la ganancia de peso de los individuos

Aves del municipio de Ibagué - Tolima, Colombia

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3er. Coloquio: Fortalecimiento de los Colectivos de Docencia

Las memorias del 3er. Coloquio de Fortalecimiento de Colectivos de Docencia deben ser entendidas como un esfuerzo colectivo de la comunidad de académicos de la División de Ciencias y Artes para el Diseño, en medio de la pandemia COVID-19, con el fin de: • Analizar y proponer acciones concretas que promuevan el mejoramiento de la calidad docente en la División. • Proponer acciones que permitan continuar fortaleciendo los cursos con modalidad a distancia (remotos). • Ante un escenario que probablemente demandará en el mediano plazo, transitar del modelo remoto a un modelo híbrido, proponer acciones a considerar para la transición de los cursos. • Planear y preparar cursos de nivelación de conocimientos, para cuando se transite a la impartición de la docencia de manera mixta o presencial, dirigidos a los alumnos que no hayan tenido oportunidad de desarrollar actividades relevantes para su formación, como prácticas de talleres y laboratorios, visitas, o alguna otra actividad relevante

The DUNE Far Detector Vertical Drift Technology, Technical Design Report

International audienceDUNE is an international experiment dedicated to addressing some of the questions at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics, including the mystifying preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early universe. The dual-site experiment will employ an intense neutrino beam focused on a near and a far detector as it aims to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy and to make high-precision measurements of the PMNS matrix parameters, including the CP-violating phase. It will also stand ready to observe supernova neutrino bursts, and seeks to observe nucleon decay as a signature of a grand unified theory underlying the standard model. The DUNE far detector implements liquid argon time-projection chamber (LArTPC) technology, and combines the many tens-of-kiloton fiducial mass necessary for rare event searches with the sub-centimeter spatial resolution required to image those events with high precision. The addition of a photon detection system enhances physics capabilities for all DUNE physics drivers and opens prospects for further physics explorations. Given its size, the far detector will be implemented as a set of modules, with LArTPC designs that differ from one another as newer technologies arise. In the vertical drift LArTPC design, a horizontal cathode bisects the detector, creating two stacked drift volumes in which ionization charges drift towards anodes at either the top or bottom. The anodes are composed of perforated PCB layers with conductive strips, enabling reconstruction in 3D. Light-trap-style photon detection modules are placed both on the cryostat's side walls and on the central cathode where they are optically powered. This Technical Design Report describes in detail the technical implementations of each subsystem of this LArTPC that, together with the other far detector modules and the near detector, will enable DUNE to achieve its physics goals

The DUNE Far Detector Vertical Drift Technology, Technical Design Report

International audienceDUNE is an international experiment dedicated to addressing some of the questions at the forefront of particle physics and astrophysics, including the mystifying preponderance of matter over antimatter in the early universe. The dual-site experiment will employ an intense neutrino beam focused on a near and a far detector as it aims to determine the neutrino mass hierarchy and to make high-precision measurements of the PMNS matrix parameters, including the CP-violating phase. It will also stand ready to observe supernova neutrino bursts, and seeks to observe nucleon decay as a signature of a grand unified theory underlying the standard model. The DUNE far detector implements liquid argon time-projection chamber (LArTPC) technology, and combines the many tens-of-kiloton fiducial mass necessary for rare event searches with the sub-centimeter spatial resolution required to image those events with high precision. The addition of a photon detection system enhances physics capabilities for all DUNE physics drivers and opens prospects for further physics explorations. Given its size, the far detector will be implemented as a set of modules, with LArTPC designs that differ from one another as newer technologies arise. In the vertical drift LArTPC design, a horizontal cathode bisects the detector, creating two stacked drift volumes in which ionization charges drift towards anodes at either the top or bottom. The anodes are composed of perforated PCB layers with conductive strips, enabling reconstruction in 3D. Light-trap-style photon detection modules are placed both on the cryostat's side walls and on the central cathode where they are optically powered. This Technical Design Report describes in detail the technical implementations of each subsystem of this LArTPC that, together with the other far detector modules and the near detector, will enable DUNE to achieve its physics goals