Precisión en la determinación de glucosa, colesterol y triglicéridos séricos, en laboratorios clínicos de Lima, Perú

Objectives: To assess the accuracy of clinical laboratories in Lima in the determination of glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides. Design: Descriptive. Location: Center for Research in Biochemistry and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, San Marcos University, and clinical laboratories participating in Lima. Materials: Serum samples from donors. Interventions: Prior informed consent, serum samples were sent in 4-6°C cold chain to 88 blind duplicate clinical laboratories sampled. Results were received via email and arithmetic mean, standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation (CV) and standard deviation index (SDI) were obtained; accuracy was assessed using the validation of biological variability (BV). Main outcome measures: Glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides levels. Results: The majority (>75%) of laboratory results were within acceptable range; laboratories out of control range were 9,1 to 12,5%. Quality index by biological variability for most laboratories was in control, whether optimal, desirable or minimum; 42% of the laboratories were found out of control for cholesterol testing, 25% for glucose, and 11.4% for triglycerides. Laboratories with automated equipment had better accuracy. Conclusions: Most clinical laboratories had good measurements accuracy; however, there were several laboratories with extensive vagueness in their results where efforts should be done to improve these quality indices.Objetivos: Evaluar la precisión de laboratorios de análisis clínicos de Lima, en la determinación de glucosa, colesterol y triglicéridos séricos. Diseño: Descriptivo. Lugar: Centro de Investigación de Bioquímica y Nutrición, Facultad de Medicina, UNMSM, y laboratorios clínicos participantes de Lima. Participantes: Muestras séricas de donantes. Intervenciones: Previo consentimiento informado, se envió muestras séricas ciegas duplicadas a 88 laboratorios clínicos, que constituyeron la muestra; el traslado de los sueros fue en cadena de frío de 4 a 6°C. Los resultados fueron recibidos vía correo electrónico y con ellos se obtuvo la media, desviación estándar (DE), coeficiente de variación (CV) y el índice de desviación estándar (SDI); también se valoró la precisión usando la validación de la variabilidad biológica (VB). Principales medidas de resultados: Concentración de glucosa, colesterol y triglicéridos. Resultados: La mayoría (>75%) de los resultados de los laboratorios se encontraron dentro del rango aceptable; hubo laboratorios fuera del rango de control, entre 9,1 a 12,5% de ellos. La evaluación del índice de calidad mediante la variabilidad biológica para la mayoría de laboratorios estuvo en control, sea esta óptima, deseable o mínima; 42% de los laboratorios estuvo fuera de control para la prueba del colesterol, 25% fuera de control para la glucosa y 11,4% para triglicéridos. Los laboratorios con equipos automatizados presentaron mejor precisión. Conclusiones: Los laboratorios clínicos en su mayoría tuvieron buena precisión en las mediciones; sin embargo, aún existen laboratorios con amplia imprecisión en sus resultados, por lo que deben hacerse esfuerzos para mejorar estos índices de calidad

Morphometric, weight, viability, and germination analysis of castor bean seeds (Ricinus communis) under two temperature and relative humidity conditions

Objective: Morphometric evaluation, weight, viability and germination under two conditions of temperature and relative humidity in sixteen local varieties of castor beans (Ricinus communis) from various states of Mexico (E1-E16) including two commercial varieties (k75B and k93B) were analyzed. Design/methodology/approach: The morphometric characteristics were: area, Elongation Index (IE) and Feret's diameter (DF), by means of a vision system. The viability and germination tolerance (germination percentage (% germination), germination speed (VG) and emergence speed index (IVE)), were evaluated under two conditions of relative humidity and temperature (T1- HR 80%/T20ºC ; T2- HR 30%/T40ºC), under a randomized complete block experiment design with four replicates of 75 seeds. Results: There are morphometric differences (IE, area and DF) between and within the study varieties. There is a significant difference between T1 and T2 in days of radicle emergence (11.6 in T2 and 44.71 in T1), germination percentage (T1: 48.37 and T2: 56%), IVE (T1:34.07+12.72 and T2: 77.02+ 23.78) and VG (T1: 9.93 and T2: 24.60). The results obtained show that there is a positive correlation between the morphometric properties and the germination percentage under T1; but in T2 no correlation was observed. The Limitations on study/implications: The study did not imply limitations. Findings/conclusions: Two local varieties E4 and E15 with productive potential higher than 93% under T1 were found; and under T2 the local varieties E3 and E16 with a productive potential greater than 78%, with respect to the commercial variety k75B showed a better performance under T1 (89.75%) than under T2 (78.67%).Objective: To analyze the morphometric, weight, viability, and germination evaluation under two temperature and relative humidity conditions, in sixteen local varieties of castor bean (Ricinus communis) from several states of Mexico (E1-E16), as well as two commercial varieties (k75B and k93B). Design/Methodology/Approach: The following morphometric characteristics were analyzed using a vision system: area, elongation index (EI), and Feret's diameter (FD). Viability and germination tolerance (germination percentage (GP)), germination speed (GS), and emergence speed index (ESI)) were evaluated under two conditions of relative humidity and temperature (T1 - RH 80%/T 20ºC; T2 - RH 30%/T 40ºC), using a completely randomized block experiment design, with four replicates of 75 seeds. Results: There are morphometric differences (EI, area, and FD) between and within the study varieties. There are significant differences between T1 and T2 regarding the following variables: days of radicle emergence (T1: 44.71 and T2:11.6), germination percentage (T1: 48.37 and T2: 56%), ESI (T1: 34.07+12.72 and T2: 77.02+ 23.78), and GS (T1: 9.93 and T2: 24.60). The results obtained show a positive correlation between the morphometric properties and the germination percentage in T1; however, there was no correlation in T2. Study Limitations/Implications: There were no limitations to carry out this study. Findings/Conclusions: The E4 and E15 local varieties obtained a >93% productive potential in T1, while the E3 and E16 local varieties obtained a >78% productive potential in T2. Meanwhile, the k75B commercial variety had a better performance in T1 (89.75%) than in T2 (78.67%)

Association Between Preexisting Versus Newly Identified Atrial Fibrillation and Outcomes of Patients With Acute Pulmonary Embolism

Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) may exist before or occur early in the course of pulmonary embolism (PE). We determined the PE outcomes based on the presence and timing of AF. Methods and Results Using the data from a multicenter PE registry, we identified 3 groups: (1) those with preexisting AF, (2) patients with new AF within 2 days from acute PE (incident AF), and (3) patients without AF. We assessed the 90-day and 1-year risk of mortality and stroke in patients with AF, compared with those without AF (reference group). Among 16 497 patients with PE, 792 had preexisting AF. These patients had increased odds of 90-day all-cause (odds ratio [OR], 2.81; 95% CI, 2.33-3.38) and PE-related mortality (OR, 2.38; 95% CI, 1.37-4.14) and increased 1-year hazard for ischemic stroke (hazard ratio, 5.48; 95% CI, 3.10-9.69) compared with those without AF. After multivariable adjustment, preexisting AF was associated with significantly increased odds of all-cause mortality (OR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.57-2.32) but not PE-related mortality (OR, 1.50; 95% CI, 0.85-2.66). Among 16 497 patients with PE, 445 developed new incident AF within 2 days of acute PE. Incident AF was associated with increased odds of 90-day all-cause (OR, 2.28; 95% CI, 1.75-2.97) and PE-related (OR, 3.64; 95% CI, 2.01-6.59) mortality but not stroke. Findings were similar in multivariable analyses. Conclusions In patients with acute symptomatic PE, both preexisting AF and incident AF predict adverse clinical outcomes. The type of adverse outcomes may differ depending on the timing of AF onset.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

La casa de Velasco en Flandes, relaciones y coleccionismo

Textos de comunicaciones defendidas en la XV Reunión Científica de la Fundación Española de Historia Moderna, previa evaluación ciega por pares.En este trabajo se estudia la continuada adquisición de bienes artísticos en Flandes por parte de miembros de la familia Velasco, tanto los pertenecientes al tronco principal de los Condestables como aquellos otros miembros que ascendieron socialmente en Países Bajos: Juan de Velasco, secretario de Ambrogio Spinola y secretario de Guerra, y Francisco Marcos de Velasco, marqués del Pico de Velasco y castellano de la fortaleza de AmberesEste trabajo se enmarca en el Proyecto I+D del Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad HAR2016-77254-P.Peer reviewe

Mexical plant phenology: is it similar to Mediterranean communities?

7 páginas, 1 figura, 2 tablas.The sclerophyllous, evergreen vegetation found in Mexico under tropical climate is named "Mexical" (MEX) and presents many traits that have been thought to converge under a Mediterranean climate. Flowering phenology is strongly similar across Mediterranean-type ecosystems (MTEs) and this paper investigates MEX plant phenology in this context. The common history of the vegetation and the differences in the climatic conditions experienced by MEX and MTE taxi provide an ideal scenario to infer the relative importance of natural selection and historical constraints in the phenological response of plants to climatic conditions. This study has involved collecting field and bibliographic data on flowering phenology of MEX communities to detect (1) similarities at the community level between MTEs and MEX, (2) similarities between Tertiary and Quaternary taxi in MTEs and MEX, and (3) similarities between congeneric taxi from MEX and MTEs (taxi sharing a common ancestor but having evolved under different climates). Flowering in MEX does not occur mainly in spring, as in MTEs, but in summer, suggesting a response that maximizes water use in the rainy season. Flowering phenology of MEX species differed from their MTE congeneric species, suggesting that even though a common ancestor is shared, environmental pressures have led to different phenological responses in MEX and MTE plants. The flowering season for species that originated in the Tertiary and Quaternary did not differ in MEX, as expected, because of climatic uniformity along the whole time line. In MTEs, flowering differences between Tertiary and Quaternary species were not congruent, suggesting that the balance between the historical constraints and the selective farce of the Mediterranean climate is different among the three MTEs, and a particular explanation is needed for each.Rosa María López helped in data collection. Michael G. Barbour provided valuable comments on the manuscript. Financial support was provided by DGAPA project IN 207798 to Alfonso Valiente-Banuet. MV was granted with a contract of the Reincorporación de Doctores y Tecnólogos del Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia during the preparation of the manuscript.Peer reviewe

Precisión en la determinación de glucosa, colesterol y triglicéridos séricos, en laboratorios clínicos de Lima, Perú

Objectives: To assess the accuracy of clinical laboratories in Lima in the determination of glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides. Design: Descriptive. Location: Center for Research in Biochemistry and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, San Marcos University, and clinical laboratories participating in Lima. Materials: Serum samples from donors. Interventions: Prior informed consent, serum samples were sent in 4-6°C cold chain to 88 blind duplicate clinical laboratories sampled. Results were received via email and arithmetic mean, standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation (CV) and standard deviation index (SDI) were obtained; accuracy was assessed using the validation of biological variability (BV). Main outcome measures: Glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides levels. Results: The majority (>75%) of laboratory results were within acceptable range; laboratories out of control range were 9,1 to 12,5%. Quality index by biological variability for most laboratories was in control, whether optimal, desirable or minimum; 42% of the laboratories were found out of control for cholesterol testing, 25% for glucose, and 11.4% for triglycerides. Laboratories with automated equipment had better accuracy. Conclusions: Most clinical laboratories had good measurements accuracy; however, there were several laboratories with extensive vagueness in their results where efforts should be done to improve these quality indices.Objetivos: Evaluar la precisión de laboratorios de análisis clínicos de Lima, en la determinación de glucosa, colesterol y triglicéridos séricos. Diseño: Descriptivo. Lugar: Centro de Investigación de Bioquímica y Nutrición, Facultad de Medicina, UNMSM, y laboratorios clínicos participantes de Lima. Participantes: Muestras séricas de donantes. Intervenciones: Previo consentimiento informado, se envió muestras séricas ciegas duplicadas a 88 laboratorios clínicos, que constituyeron la muestra; el traslado de los sueros fue en cadena de frío de 4 a 6°C. Los resultados fueron recibidos vía correo electrónico y con ellos se obtuvo la media, desviación estándar (DE), coeficiente de variación (CV) y el índice de desviación estándar (SDI); también se valoró la precisión usando la validación de la variabilidad biológica (VB). Principales medidas de resultados: Concentración de glucosa, colesterol y triglicéridos. Resultados: La mayoría (>75%) de los resultados de los laboratorios se encontraron dentro del rango aceptable; hubo laboratorios fuera del rango de control, entre 9,1 a 12,5% de ellos. La evaluación del índice de calidad mediante la variabilidad biológica para la mayoría de laboratorios estuvo en control, sea esta óptima, deseable o mínima; 42% de los laboratorios estuvo fuera de control para la prueba del colesterol, 25% fuera de control para la glucosa y 11,4% para triglicéridos. Los laboratorios con equipos automatizados presentaron mejor precisión. Conclusiones: Los laboratorios clínicos en su mayoría tuvieron buena precisión en las mediciones; sin embargo, aún existen laboratorios con amplia imprecisión en sus resultados, por lo que deben hacerse esfuerzos para mejorar estos índices de calidad

Precisión en la determinación de glucosa, colesterol y trigliceridos séricos, en laboratorios clínicos de Lima, Perú

Objetivos: Evaluar la precisión de laboratorios de análisis clínicos de Lima, en la determinacion de glucosa, colesterol y triglicéridos séricos. Diseño: Descriptivo. Lugar: Centro de Investigación de Bioquímica y Nutrición, Facultad de Medicina, UNMSM, y laboratorios clínicos participantes de Lima. Participantes: Muestras séricas de donantes. Intervenciones: Previo consentimiento informado, se envió muestras séricas ciegas duplicadas a 88 laboratorios clínicos, que constituyeron la muestra; el traslado de los sueros fue en cadena de frio de 4 a 6°C. Los resultados fueron recibidos vía correo electrónico y con ellos se obtuvo la media, desviación estándar (DE), coeficiente de variación (CV) y el índice de desviación estándar (SDI); también se valoró la precisión usando la validación de la variabilidad biológica (VB). Principales medidas de resultados: Concentración de glucosa, colesterol y triglicéridos. Resultados: La mayoría (>75%) de los resultados de los laboratorios se encontraron dentro del rango aceptable; hubo laboratorios fuera del rango de control, entre 9,1 a 12,5% de ellos. La evaluación del índice de calidad mediante la variabilidad biológica para la mayoría de laboratorios estuvo en control, sea esta óptima, deseable o mínima; 42% de los laboratorios estuvo fuera de control para la prueba del colesterol, 25% fuera de control para la glucosa y 11,4% para triglicéridos. Los laboratorios con equipos automatizados presentaron mejor precisión. Conclusiones: Los laboratorios clínicos en su mayoría tuvieron buena precisión en las mediciones; sin embargo, aún existen laboratorios con amplia imprecisión en sus resultados, por lo que deben hacerse esfuerzos para mejorar estos índices de calidad

Isolation and Identification of Naegleria Species in Irrigation Channels for Recreational Use in Mexicali Valley, Mexico

Members of the genus Naegleria are free-living amoebae that are widely distributed in water and soil environments. Moreover, Naegleria fowleri is a pathogenic amoeba species that causes a fatal disease in the central nervous system known as primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) in humans. Since most reported infections due to N. fowleri are reported in recreational waters worldwide, this study was aimed to describe the presence of these amoebic genus in Mexicali Valley irrigation channels of recreational use. A total of nine water samples were collected and processed by triplicate, in nine different sites of the Valley. After filtering and culturing the samples, plates were examined, and the observed amoebae were morphologically identified at the genus level. In addition, the pathogenicity of these amoebic isolates was checked, and molecular characterization was performed by PCR/sequencing. The results revealed the presence of Naegleria spp. in all the channels sampled. Finally, molecular identification confirmed the presence of five different species of Naegleria: N. fowleri, N. australiensis, N. gruberi, N. clarki and N. pagei. The presence of these protists, particularly N. fowleri, should be considered as a potential human health risk in the region