Correction of the spectral calibration of the Joint European Torus core light detecting and ranging Thomson scattering diagnostic using ray tracing

This work isolated the cause of the observed discrepancy between the electron temperature (T-e) measurements before and after the JET Core LIDAR Thomson Scattering (TS) diagnostic was upgraded. In the upgrade process, stray light filters positioned just before the detectors were removed from the system. Modelling showed that the shift imposed on the stray light filters transmission functions due to the variations in the incidence angles of the collected photons impacted plasma measurements. To correct for this identified source of error, correction factors were developed using ray tracing models for the calibration and operational states of the diagnostic. The application of these correction factors resulted in an increase in the observed T-e, resulting in the partial if not complete removal of the observed discrepancy in the measured T-e between the JET core LIDAR TS diagnostic, High Resolution Thomson Scattering, and the Electron Cyclotron Emission diagnostics

EPOP - Popular Roots of European Culture Through Film, Comics and Serialized Literature

Funded in the frame of the EU Culture Programme 2007-2013. Co-organizers: Dipartimento di Musica e Spettacolo, Universit\ue0 di Bologna; Facult\ue9 de Lettres, Universit\ue9 de Limoges; Facult\ue9 de Philosophie et Lettres, Universit\ue9 Catholique de Louvain; Pallas, Universiteit Leiden; Assessorato alla cultura della Provincia di Pescara. The EPOP project deals with an object that has received a growing attention in the last few decades, both inside and outside academic studies: the fictional texts (both written and visual) serially produced by European culture industries between mid-XIXth century and early XXth century. The project aims to contribute to the rediscovery and diffusion of an important heritage for the definition of European cultural identity, through international research and the organization of events in the involved countries. Considering that media culture is often analyzed only with reference to American productions, the identification and appraisal of a specifically European tradition in this field can help promote the acknowledgment of a common cultural heritage among EU citizens. Film and comics communicate through the universal language of images: when they become interlaced, they often produce texts in which the audiences can recognize instinctively their cultural tradition, rediscovering and renewing the myths and the narrative memory of the popular literature that preceded them. The ability of connecting tradition and modernity has allowed these languages to accept innovation without losing contact with the past, creating a new image of popular culture for European audiences. Cinema, comic books and serial literature represent a cultural meeting point for European citizens: thanks to the richness of this heritage, the project aims to produce research, innovative teaching tools, and public events, involving at the same time the academic world and high school teachers and students, tracing lines of continuity between different disciplines and cultural fields, promoting the study and the knowledge of both the topoi of European collective memory and the authors and artists who contributed to shape the shared languages of media culture throughout the Continent. Though the transnational dimension of this phenomenon has been widely acknowledged, communication among cultural institutions variously concerned with research in this domain still remains flawed. EPOP aims to surpass the cultural and linguistic boundaries that have prevented until now a true appraisal of such continental dimension by establishing a transnational network of researchers and institutions working to promote a better knowledge of this particular cultural heritage among EU citizens. Seven countries are involved in the project. The cooperation among a wide range of cultural institutions in different countries aims to produce a connection of research, didactics and popularization activities. Several actions have been planned: Creation of a database of archival materials; Publication of a collection of essays (in English and French); Education/Information seminars addressed to students and teachers; Publication of a multilingual CD-Rom (in English, French and Italian) with teaching resources aimed to introduce the younger generation to the history of European popular culture; An exhibition of archival materials; Production of a newsletter whose function will be to circulate information on research and events concerning the history of European popular culture. The networking activity will continue throughout the whole duration of the project and constitutes in fact one of its main objectives. These are the tools through which EPOP is hoping to contribute to the promotion of a better awareness of the history of European popular culture and the necessity of its preservation

Concept and development of ITER divertor thermography diagnostic

International audienc

Selective Mortality During the Khmer Rouge Period in Cambodia

Aspects of the long-term demographic impact of genocide during the period of the Khmer Rouge (1975-79) in Cambodia are analyzed. Mortality data for siblings from the Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey in 2000 demonstrate that excess mortality was extremely high and heavily concentrated during 1974-80. The study also shows that mortality was highly selective during that period. Adult males were the most likely to die, indicating that violent death played a major role. Individuals with an urban or educated background were more likely to die. Mortality by religious background is also assessed. Infant and early childhood mortality was very high during the period and was as prevalent in urban areas and among children born to educated mothers as in rural areas and among the less educated. Copyright 2005 The Population Council, Inc..