Realistic fluids as source for dynamically accreting black holes in a cosmological background

We show that a single imperfect fluid can be used as a source to obtain the generalized McVittie metric as an exact solution to Einstein's equations. The mass parameter in this metric varies with time thanks to a mechanism based on the presence of a temperature gradient. This fully dynamical solution is interpreted as an accreting black hole in an expanding universe if the metric asymptotes to Schwarzschild-de Sitter at temporal infinity. We present a simple but instructive example for the mass function and briefly discuss the structure of the apparent horizons and the past singularity.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures. Updated references and minor changes to match the version accepted for publishing in PR

Resistance exercise load reduction and exercise-induced micro-damage

High volumes of resistance exercise increase muscle hypertrophy, independent of the extent of muscle damage. We compared volume load and markers of muscle damage after resistance exercise using two load reduction strategies versus a constant intensity. Methods: Twenty-seven trained men (age = 23.4±3.5 years, body mass = 74.5±10.7 Kg, height = 174±8 cm, 10 RM = 211±40 Kg) completed one weekly bout of 4 sets of leg press exercise under three loading schemes in a randomized, counterbalanced order over a three-week period. The loading schemes were (a) constant load for all sets (CON), (b) 5% load reduction after each set (LR5), and (c) 10% load reduction after each set (LR10). Volume load, muscle soreness (SOR), and range of motion (ROM) at the knee were assessed after each bout. Results: Volume load was significantly different amongst all conditions (CON = 6799±1583 Kg; LR5 = 8753±1789 Kg; 10896±2262 Kg; F=31,731; p<0.001). ROM and SOR were significantly different among conditions, with LR5 and LR10 producing greater preservations of ROM (p =<0.001) and less SOR (p < 0.001). These data may support the use of load reductions when training for hypertrophy

Cryopreservation of Vasconcellea quercifolia St.-Hil (Caricaceae) Zygotic Embryos

Vasconcellea quercifolia A. St.-Hil. (Caricaceae) is a tropical fruit species native to Brazil, with a great importance in plant breeding programs. The V. quercifolia has a resistance to the main diseases of Caricaceae, Papaya Ringspot Virus (PRSV). Considering its potential, cryopreservation becomes a tool for the conservation of this species. The objective of this paper was to study the cryopreservation of V. quercifolia zygotic embryos through dehydration in silica gel. Excised zygotic embryos were dehydrated in silica at 0, 20, 40, 80 and 100 minutes and then inoculated in MS medium. The percentage of germinated and recovered embryos, and growth analysis were evaluated, besides water content. Subsequently, they were acclimatized in a growth room with temperature controlled. For cryopreservation, the embryos were excised and dehydrated in silica for 0, 20, 40 and 60 minutes, immersed in Liquid Nitrogen (LN) for 1 hour, thawed in Recovery Solution (RS) and inoculated in MS medium. After 30 days, the percentage of germinated and recovered embryos was evaluated. The silica gel promotes a fast dehydrate of embryos. The results showed that embryo dehydration affected seedling development, and dehydration for over 20 minutes showed a reduction in all evaluated parameters. The plantlets regenerated from embryos dehydrate survive the acclimatization. It was possible to cryopreserve the V. quercifolia zygotic embryos when the dehydration time of 20 minutes by silica gel was used

Comparative analysis of the essential oil yield and chemical composition of leaves and fruits of Campomanesia xanthocarpa Berg and C. guaviroba (DC.) Kiaersk. (Myrtaceae).

Poster 209. SBOE 2015

Fluctuations in Ammonia Oxidizing Communities Across Agricultural Soils are Driven by Soil Structure and pH

The milieu in soil in which microorganisms dwell is never constant. Conditions such as temperature, water availability, pH and nutrients frequently change, impacting the overall functioning of the soil system. To understand the effects of such factors on soil functioning, proxies (indicators) of soil function are needed that, in a sensitive manner, reveal normal amplitude of variation. Thus, the so-called normal operating range (NOR) of soil can be defined. In this study we determined different components of nitrification by analyzing, in eight agricultural soils, how the community structures and sizes of ammonia oxidizing bacteria and archaea (AOB and AOA, respectively), and their activity, fluctuate over spatial and temporal scales. The results indicated that soil pH and soil type are the main factors that influence the size and structure of the AOA and AOB, as well as their function. The nitrification rates varied between 0.11 ± 0.03 μgN h−1 gdw−1 and 1.68 ± 0.11 μgN h−1 gdw−1, being higher in soils with higher clay content (1.09 ± 0.12 μgN h−1 gdw−1) and lower in soils with lower clay percentages (0.27 ± 0.04 μgN h−1 gdw−1). Nitrifying activity was driven by soil pH, mostly related to its effect on AOA but not on AOB abundance. Regarding the influence of soil parameters, clay content was the main soil factor shaping the structure of both the AOA and AOB communities. Overall, the potential nitrifying activities were higher and more variable over time in the clayey than in the sandy soils. Whereas the structure of AOB fluctuated more (62.7 ± 2.10%) the structure of AOA communities showed lower amplitude of variation (53.65 ± 3.37%). Similar trends were observed for the sizes of these communities. The present work represents a first step toward defining a NOR for soil nitrification. The sensitivity of the process and organisms to impacts from the milieu support their use as proxies in the NOR of agricultural soils. Moreover, the clear effect of soil texture established here suggests that the NOR should be defined in a soil type-specific manner

Washing mechanism improvements for fresh market tomatoes cleaning equipment

The cleanness level in fresh market tomatoes cleaning equipment is essential for consumer acceptance and conservation of product quality. However, the washing process in cleaning current equipments demands an excessive volume of water, leading to serious economic and environmental concerns. The objective of this work was to contribute with technical information for the washing system optimization. The conventional washing system currently used in cleaning equipment, which consists of perforated PVC pipes, was compared with a proposed system which uses commercial sprays. Characteristic curves (flow rate versus pressure) for both systems were determined in lab conditions and the respective water consumptions were compared. The results confirmed the excess of water consumption in the conventional washing systems, and the proposed system proved that is possible to reduce it, and the use of sprays allowed the rational use of the water.A etapa de limpeza no sistema de beneficiamento do tomate de mesa é essencial tanto para a aceitação do produto pelo consumidor, quanto para a conservação da qualidade do fruto. Entretanto, a etapa de lavagem nos atuais sistemas de limpeza utilizados em unidades de beneficiamento, demanda volume excessivo de água, trazendo sérias preocupações econômicas e ambientais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi contribuir com informações para otimizar o sistema de lavagem em equipamentos de beneficiamento de tomate de mesa. Para tanto, comparou-se o sistema convencional de limpeza, utilizado atualmente, e constituído de tubos de PVC com orifícios, com sistema redimensionado utilizando-se sprays comerciais. Foram determinadas as curvas características (vazão versus pressão) para ambos os sistemas e comparados os respectivos consumos de água. Os resultados comprovaram o consumo excessivo de água no sistema convencional, e que é possível reduzi-lo significativamente, permitindo o uso racional da água.63764

Nanomedicine for the delivery of RNA in cancer

The complexity, and the diversity of the different types of cancers allied to the tendency to form metastasis make treatment efficiency so tricky and often impossible due to the advanced stage of the disease in the diagnosis. In recent years, due to tremendous scientific breakthroughs, we have witnessed exponential growth in the elucidation of mechanisms that underlie carcinogenesis and metastasis. The development of more selective therapies made it possible to improve cancer treatment. Although interdisciplinary research leads to encouraging results, scientists still have a long exploration journey. RNA technology represents a promise as a therapeutic intervention for targeted gene silencing in cancer, and there are already some RNA-based formulations in clinical trials. However, the use of RNA as a therapeutic tool presents severe limitations, mainly related to its low stability and poor cellular uptake. Thus, the use of nanomedicine employing nanoparticles to encapsulate RNA may represent a suitable platform to address the major challenges hampering its therapeutic application. In this review, we have revisited the potential of RNA and RNA-associated therapies to fight cancer, also providing, as support, a general overview of nanoplatforms for RNA delivery.This work received financial support from PT national funds (FCT/MCTES, Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia and Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior) through project UIDB/50006/2020

Essential oil yield and composition of Baccharis species from Araucaria Forest of Parana State, Brazil.

Poster 207. SBOE 2015

A POSSIBILIDADE DE REDUÇÃO DA CARGA TRIBUTÁRIA COM O USO DE ALGUNS INCENTIVOS FISCAIS

O presente artigo demonstra a utilização dos principais incentivos fiscais naapuração do Imposto de Renda Pessoa Jurídica e do Imposto sobre Circulação deMercadorias e Serviços no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul e seus possíveisbenefícios. Os incentivos abordados na apuração do IRPJ foram: FUNCRIANÇA ePAT. Na apuração do ICMS utilizou-se o PROCENS. Por fim, realizadas asaplicações práticas, observou-se que nas empresas analisadas a redução tributáriaobtida foi irrelevante quando comparada com o valor investido em cada programa.Entretanto, quando visto pelo lado social, a empresa colabora com odesenvolvimento da sociedade, adquirindo transparência e credibilidade