Validation of black point QTLs in wheat

Dissertação de mestrado em Psicologia (Psicologia da Educação, Desenvolvimento e Aconselhamento), apresentada à Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação da Universidade de CoimbraO presente estudo tem como objetivo compreender que tipo de experiências subjetivas as pessoas procuram quando consomem alguma droga e quais são, na sua perspetiva, as mais desejáveis, através da utilização da escala Drug Experiences Inventory (Redmon, 2005). Mais especificamente, pretende-se avaliar se a experiência subjetiva inerente ao consumo de substâncias constitui uma dimensão relevante a ter em consideração na definição de estratégias de prevenção e intervenção à dependência às drogas. Para tanto, recorreu-se a uma amostra de 208 participantes, sendo que 189 residem na região centro de Portugal e 19 provêm de serviços que prestam apoio a indivíduos que são ou foram dependentes de alguma substância. Através das análises efetuadas, conclui-se que os participantes usufruem de uma variedade de experiências quando estão sob o efeito de alguma droga e que discriminam essas mesmas experiências em função da desejabilidade que lhes atribuem. Os resultados obtidos revelam a importância de ser considerada a dimensão subjetiva do consumo de substâncias na prevenção e tratamento das dependências.The aim of this study is to understand what kind of subjective experiences people seek when they consume drugs and what are the most desirable for them, using de scale Drug Experiences Inventory (Redmon, 2005). More specifically, we intended to evaluate if the subjective experience inherent in the substance use is a relevant dimension to consider in defining strategies for prevention and intervention for drug addiction. In order to arrive at such evaluation, we collected a sample of 208 participants, of wich 189 were part of the normal group, and 19 (clinical sample) were recruited in agencies that provide support services for individuals with addiction to some kind of drug. Through the analyses performed, it is concluded that the participantes enjoy a variety of experiences and they discriminate them in terms of desirability they attribute to them. The results reveal the importance of considering the subjective dimension of drug use in prevention and treatment of addiction

Robust image analysis with sparse representation on quantized visual features

10.1109/TIP.2012.2219543IEEE Transactions on Image Processing223860-871IIPR

Validation of black point QTL in wheat

Black Point (BP) is a dark discolouration of the embryo end of wheat and barley grains. It can result in reduced grain quality and value and is a significant problem in most Australian wheat growing areas. Estimated losses through downgrading have been as high as $50 million annually. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) for BP resistance have previously been identified in Sunco and Cascades. The aim of this study was to use a full diallele to validate these QTL and also to determine if two other varieties with increased resistance mirror existing sources of resistance or are potentially novel sources of resistance for BP. The BP resistant lines Lang, Cascades, SW95-50213, and Genaro, and one BP susceptible line, Cunningham were used as parental lines in the full diallele. As both Lang and Sunco are Cook derivatives, Lang was used to validate the Sunco QTL. Marker regression analysis confirmed the QTL on chromosome 2BS in Lang crosses. Genaro and SW95-50213, which are more resistant to BP than Sunco or Cascades, indicated an association between BP resistance and chromosomes 2B and 2A, respectively. The identification of markers for BP resistance in a number of different resistant sources will facilitate the pyramiding of genes for BP resistance in wheat

Simple sequence repeat markers associated with three quantitative trait loci for black point resistance can be used to enrich selection populations in bread wheat

Black point in wheat has the potential to cost the Australian industry $A30.4 million a year. It is difficult and expensive to screen for resistance, so the aim of this study was to validate 3 previously identified quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for black point resistance on chromosomes 2B, 4A, and 3D of the wheat variety Sunco. Black point resistance data and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, linked to the resistance QTLs and suited to high-throughput assay, were analysed in the doubled haploid population, Batavia (susceptible) × Pelsart (resistant). Sunco and Pelsart both have Cook in their pedigree and both have the Triticum timopheevii translocation on 2B. SSR markers identified for the 3 genetic regions were gwm319 (2B, T. timopheevii translocation), wmc048 (4AS), and gwm341 (3DS). Gwm319 and wmc048 were associated with black point resistance in the validation population. Gwm341 may have an epistatic influence on the trait because when resistance alleles were present at both gwm319 and wmc048, the Batavia-derived allele at gwm341 was associated with a higher proportion of resistant lines. Data are presented showing the level of enrichment achieved for black point resistance, using 1, 2, or 3 of these molecular markers, and the number of associated discarded resistant lines. The level of population enrichment was found to be 1.83-fold with 6 of 17 resistant lines discarded when gwm319 and wmc048 were both used for selection. Interactions among the 3 QTLs appear complex and other genetic and epigenetic factors influence susceptibility to black point. Polymorphism was assessed for these markers within potential breeding material. This indicated that alternative markers to wmc048 may be required for some parental combinations. Based on these results, marker-assisted selection for the major black point resistance QTLs can increase the rate of genetic gain by improving the selection efficiency and may facilitate stacking of black point resistances from different sources