Procedure to be followed by medical personnel in case of diagnosis of the Child Abuse Syndrome

Nowadays, there are more and more reports of child abuse. However, this is not due to an increase in violence against minors, but to an increase in public awareness. People have begun to report child abuse. Child Abuse Syndrome affects both physical and psychological violence. There are many risk factors. Correct diagnosis is difficult, especially for children who start walking, running and all kinds of injuries can be the result of their playing. Intelligence, accurate viewing of the child and physical examination has an important role. When discussing the child abuse syndrome, let’s not forget about Munchausen syndrome per procura. Then the child’s testimonies are invented, very often behind the story presented by the young patient there is a family member – mainlythe mother. Since September 2011, all health care workers are subject to the “Blue Card” procedure. [11,27] If child abuse has occurred in the family, or even if there is a suspicion of such abuse, an Interdisciplinary Team is established. The task of this team is to complete the Blue Card procedure and to ensure the safety of a victim of violence. A paramedic plays an important role in this procedure. In most cases it is the person who first comes into contact with a child who is a victim of abuse. The paramedic must ensure that the patient feels safe. Their task is to identify the problem, document the injuries occurring on the child’s body at the time of examination and fill in the appropriate documentation, which will be handed over to the Interdisciplinary Team. This paper presents materials explaining the epidemiology and clinical image of the child abuse syndrome. Social aspects and legal consequences of this issue are also discussed. The “Blue Card” procedure and the “Blue Bear” form are also presented. The paper explains the role of medical personnel in case of violence against children

The role and tasks of family nurse in the care of seniors in their place of residence - field study conducted among nursing staff in Gdańsk

Demographic changes taking place in Poland and in the world, a decrease in the number of births and prolonged life expectancy have resulted in an increase in the number of elderly people. The success of today’s medicine is among others prevention of chronic disease complications and skillful education of the patient at every level. Longer life expectancy and a quantitative increase in the phenomenon of disability, and above all a shortening of hospitalization and stays in inpatient medical facilities has resulted in moving the patient’s treatment and care to the home environment, which is an optimal place of residence for the elderly. The family nurse and primary care physician are then the most important link in the care of elderly and their families. The provision of nursing services in the patient’s place of residence is characterized by a unique specificity in other areas of nursing. Very often, as a result of the existing situation and possibilities, the nurse has to demonstrate not only professional knowledge and skills, but also flexibility, adaptability and creativity in dealing with a shortage of basic things, e.g. basic auxiliary equipment, access to the patient’s bed, etc. The conducted field study shows selected scope of tasks performed by nursing staff in this respect on the example of patients in the city of Gdańsk

In Search of Ways for Financing a Bank’s Liquidity in Resolution

Ramy prawne dotyczące procesu resolution koncentrują się na problemach kapitałowych banków, podczas gdy to właśnie utrzymanie płynności jest czynnikiem decydującym o dalszym przetrwaniu banków. Pozyskanie dodatkowego finansowania w resolution na rynku może być trudne lub wręcz niemożliwe. Fundusze resolution – jako główne źródło finansowania dla banków w resolution – są z kolei ograniczone w swojej wysokości. Płynność dostępna w ramach operacji z bankiem centralnym jest natomiast uwarunkowana spełnieniem licznych wymagań. Ograniczenia te sprawiają, że konieczne są mechanizmy, stanowiące wiarygodne źródło płynności dla banku w procesie resolution. W opracowaniu dokonano przeglądu rozwiązań możliwych do wdrożenia przez różnych uczestników systemu finansowego (w tym sieć bezpieczeństwa finansowego), które ułatwiłyby dostęp banku w resolution do płynności. Zaproponowano ich podział na trzy filary. Podkreślono jednak konieczność zaangażowania wszystkich zainteresowanych stron.The article concerns the issue of maintaining the liquidity of a bank subject to resolution procedure. The legal framework relating to this process focus mainly on meeting the capital requirements of a bank in resolution. Nevertheless, one of the crucial conditions for achieving the goal of resolution is to maintain the bank’s liquidity throughout the process. The establishment, method of establishing and the value of accumulated funds dedicated to resolution in individual countries or a group of countries (e.g. the banking union) implicates that their ability to meet the needs of banks may be insufficient. Especially when the demand for liquidity support is high due to a sudden outflow of funds from customers’ accounts. A circumstance that highlights the significance of the problem of maintaining liquidity is usually the difficult situation of the bank in resolution, limiting or even preventing from obtaining external financing from the market. All the above-mentioned issues is a premise for establishing special solutions or methods for supporting a bank’s liquidity in resolution, the more so as the possible use of operations with a central bank – as a lender of last resort – is conditioned by the fulfillment of a number of requirements that may be difficult or even impossible for such a bank to meet. Against this background, the article reviews and systematizes the solutions that create opportunities for the bank in resolution to obtain external financing from financial system entities, with particular emphasis on financial safety net entities, in order to secure its liquidity position

Impact of Surface Treatment on the Functional Properties Stainless Steel for Biomedical Applications

The main goal of the carried out tests was to analyze the influence of the surface modification of a substrate by depositing composite ZnO layers by the Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) method. The samples were subjected to preliminary surface modification consisting of being sandblasted and electropolished. A ZnO layer was applied to the prepared substrates by the ALD method. As a precursor of ZnO, diethylzinc (DEZ) was used, which reacted with water, enabling the deposition of the thin films. The chamber temperature was as follows: T = 100–300 °C. The number of cycles was 500 and 1500. As part of the assessment of the physicochemical properties of the resulting surface layers, the tests of chemical composition of the layer, pitting corrosion, impedance corrosion, adhesion to the metal substrate, morphology surface, and wettability were carried out. On the basis of the obtained research, it was found that a composite ZnO layer deposited onto a substrate previously subjected to the electrochemical polishing process has more favorable physicochemical properties. Moreover, an influence of temperature and the number of cycles of the deposition process on the obtained properties was observed, where the ZnO layer was characterized by more favorable properties at a temperature of 200–300 °C at 1500 cycles of the deposition process