Vliv modré složky světelného spektra na vybrané aspekty lidského spánku a kognice

Úvod: Od objevu ipRGC buněk sítnice se rozšířily možnosti vědeckého zkoumání vlivu světla na regulaci širokého spektra behaviorálních a fyziologických funkcí nezávislých na tvorbě obrazu. Vzhledem k tomu, že jsou ipRGC nejvíce citlivé na světlo krátkých vlnových délek (460-480nm) se tato dizertace zaměří primárně na vliv modrého světla na cirkadiánní systém, spánek, kognitivní funkce, a možné využití v klinické i neklinické oblasti. Cíle: Cílem první studie bylo prozkoumat vliv 20-minutové expozice monochromatickému světlu různých vlnových délek na vybrané neuropsychologické a neurofyziologické parametry vigility u zdravých dobrovolníků. Druhá studie zkoumala efekt kombinace KBT-I a večerního nošení brýlí blokujících modré světlo na subjektivní a objektivní parametry spánku a denní symptomy (úzkost, deprese, hyperarousal). Cílem třetí studie bylo prozkoumat subjektivní kvalitu spánku u zdravé populace a její spojitost s večerním a nočním vystavováním se umělému světlu z obrazovek elektronických zařízení. Metodika: V první studii bylo 12 zdravých dobrovolníků vystaveno celkem třem 20-minutovým expozicím světlu různých vlnových délek (455, 508, and 629 nm, zářivost 14 μW/cm2), při nichž podstoupili měření EEG (vč. EP P300 a spektrálních charakteristik) a behaviorálních proměnných (subjektivní...Background: Since the discovery of ipRGCs (intrinsic photosensitive retinal ganglion cells) in the retina, new research possibilities for studying the effects of light on the regulation of various behavioral and physiological functions that are independent of image formation arose. As ipRGCs are most sensitive to light of short wavelengths (460-480nm), this dissertation focuses on current topics related to the use of blue light, emphasizing its influence on circadian rhythms, sleep and cognitive performance and possible applications in clinical and non-clinical settings. Aims: The first study aimed to explore the effects of 20 minutes of narrow-bandwidth light exposure of different wavelengths on various neuropsychological and neurophysiological parameters of vigilance in healthy volunteers. The objective of the second study was to assess the effect of combining CBT-I (cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia) with wearing blue-light blocking glasses 90 minutes before bedtime on subjective and objective sleep parameters and daily symptoms (anxiety, depression, hyperarousal). The third study aimed to examine subjective sleep quality in a population of healthy volunteers and its association with evening and night light exposure to screens of media devices. Methods: In the first study, twelve healthy...Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology 3FM CU and NIMHKlinika psychiatrie a lékařské psychologie 3. LF UK a NÚDZ3. lékařská fakultaThird Faculty of Medicin

The Effects of Daytime Psilocybin Administration on Sleep: Implications for Antidepressant Action

Serotonergic agonist psilocybin is a psychedelic with antidepressant potential. Sleep may interact with psilocybin’s antidepressant properties like other antidepressant drugs via induction of neuroplasticity. The main aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of psilocybin on sleep architecture on the night after psilocybin administration. Regarding the potential antidepressant properties, we hypothesized that psilocybin, similar to other classical antidepressants, would reduce rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and prolong REM sleep latency. Moreover, we also hypothesized that psilocybin would promote slow-wave activity (SWA) expression in the first sleep cycle, a marker of sleep-related neuroplasticity. Twenty healthy volunteers (10 women, age 28–53) underwent two drug administration sessions, psilocybin or placebo, in a randomized, double-blinded design. Changes in sleep macrostructure, SWA during the first sleep cycle, whole night EEG spectral power across frequencies in non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and REM sleep, and changes in subjective sleep measures were analyzed. The results revealed prolonged REM sleep latency after psilocybin administration and a trend toward a decrease in overall REM sleep duration. No changes in NREM sleep were observed. Psilocybin did not affect EEG power spectra in NREM or REM sleep when examined across the whole night. However, psilocybin suppressed SWA in the first sleep cycle. No evidence was found for sleep-related neuroplasticity, however, a different dosage, timing, effect on homeostatic regulation of sleep, or other mechanisms related to antidepressant effects may play a role. Overall, this study suggests that potential antidepressant properties of psilocybin might be related to changes in sleep

Blue light spectrum and its effects on selected aspects of human sleep and cognition

Background: Since the discovery of ipRGCs (intrinsic photosensitive retinal ganglion cells) in the retina, new research possibilities for studying the effects of light on the regulation of various behavioral and physiological functions that are independent of image formation arose. As ipRGCs are most sensitive to light of short wavelengths (460-480nm), this dissertation focuses on current topics related to the use of blue light, emphasizing its influence on circadian rhythms, sleep and cognitive performance and possible applications in clinical and non-clinical settings. Aims: The first study aimed to explore the effects of 20 minutes of narrow-bandwidth light exposure of different wavelengths on various neuropsychological and neurophysiological parameters of vigilance in healthy volunteers. The objective of the second study was to assess the effect of combining CBT-I (cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia) with wearing blue-light blocking glasses 90 minutes before bedtime on subjective and objective sleep parameters and daily symptoms (anxiety, depression, hyperarousal). The third study aimed to examine subjective sleep quality in a population of healthy volunteers and its association with evening and night light exposure to screens of media devices. Methods: In the first study, twelve healthy..

Bostonský kvalitatívny skórovací systém vyhodnocovania Reyovho-Osterriethovho testu komplexnej figúry v diagnostike kognitívneho deficitu

Cieľom článku je predstaviť u nás doposiaľ neznámy Bostonský kvalitatívny skórovací systém pre Reyov-Osterriethov test komplexnej figúry a možnosti jeho využitia v neuropsychologickej diagnostike kognitívneho deficitu

The Effects of Daytime Psilocybin Administration on Sleep: Implications for Antidepressant Action.

Serotonergic agonist psilocybin is a psychedelic with antidepressant potential. Sleep may interact with psilocybin's antidepressant properties like other antidepressant drugs via induction of neuroplasticity. The main aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of psilocybin on sleep architecture on the night after psilocybin administration. Regarding the potential antidepressant properties, we hypothesized that psilocybin, similar to other classical antidepressants, would reduce rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and prolong REM sleep latency. Moreover, we also hypothesized that psilocybin would promote slow-wave activity (SWA) expression in the first sleep cycle, a marker of sleep-related neuroplasticity. Twenty healthy volunteers (10 women, age 28-53) underwent two drug administration sessions, psilocybin or placebo, in a randomized, double-blinded design. Changes in sleep macrostructure, SWA during the first sleep cycle, whole night EEG spectral power across frequencies in non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and REM sleep, and changes in subjective sleep measures were analyzed. The results revealed prolonged REM sleep latency after psilocybin administration and a trend toward a decrease in overall REM sleep duration. No changes in NREM sleep were observed. Psilocybin did not affect EEG power spectra in NREM or REM sleep when examined across the whole night. However, psilocybin suppressed SWA in the first sleep cycle. No evidence was found for sleep-related neuroplasticity, however, a different dosage, timing, effect on homeostatic regulation of sleep, or other mechanisms related to antidepressant effects may play a role. Overall, this study suggests that potential antidepressant properties of psilocybin might be related to changes in sleep