13 research outputs found

    Pertinence des signaux sociaux pour l'observateur : Rôle de la posture et mécanismes sous-jacents

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    La quantité d’informations à laquelle nous sommes chaque jour confrontésconditionne notre survie à la capacité de détecter rapidement ce qui est le pluspertinent dans notre environnement. Nos cerveaux ont ainsi évolué afin dedéclencher, en réponse aux stimuli pertinents, des changements d’état affectif quinous informent alors de l’existence et de la nature de ces stimuli. Or, tandis que lesétats émotionnels, induits par des états corporels, impactent notre perception desstimuli émotionnels, l’influence de ces états corporels sur l’évaluation de lapertinence de stimuli externes est méconnue. Nous avons ici examiné le rôle queces états du corps, transitoires et socialement signifiants, jouent dans l'évaluation dela pertinence des expressions faciales de menace. Lors de nos testscomportementaux, où variaient le degré de pertinence des stimuli et le focusattentionnel, nous avons modulé l'état corporel des participants à l’aide de posturesdominantes ou non dominantes réalisées avant les tâches. Nous avons alorsdémontré que ces postures influencent l'évaluation de la pertinence des expressionsde menace, en accord avec le statut social qu’elles incarnent. De plus, ceci n’a étérévélé que lorsque le traitement de ces stimuli était implicite, soulignant alors lasaillance de ces derniers. Ainsi, nos résultats démontrent que les états corporelsinfluencent non seulement l'évaluation de la pertinence, mais la déterminent, car desstimuli par ailleurs pertinents ne sont plus évalués comme tels selon la postureadoptée. Ces résultats suggèrent que l’état du corps interagit avec nos états affectifspour signaler à l’observateur quels indices sociaux sont pertinents.Given the quantity of information with which we are constantly confronted, our survival depends on the ability to rapidly detect and attend to what is most relevant. To this end, our brains have evolved to trigger changes in our affective state in response to relevant objects and events, which inform us of their existence and of their nature. While body-induced affective states impact the perception of congruent emotional stimuli, it is still unknown whether body-induced affective states influence the manner in which the relevance of external stimuli is determined and therefore perceived. Here, we examined the role that socially meaningful transient body states play in the evaluation of relevance of facial displays of threat. In a series of behavioral experiments, we modulated participants’ body state, instructing them to hold dominant or non-dominant postures prior to behavioral tests, in which we varied the degree of relevance of the stimuli and the focus of attention. We first demonstrated that these body postures, in accordance with the social status they embody, influenced the evaluation of the relevance of threatening facial displays. Moreover, this impact occurred where facial displays were processed implicitly, highlighting the saliency of these social cues. Overall, our studies demonstrate, that body states, not only influence the evaluation of relevance, but determine it, as otherwise relevant social cues, were no longer evaluated as such. These findings suggest that body states interact with affective states to signal which social cues are relevant to the observer

    The influence of self-relevance on facial reactions to angry body expressions

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    The influence of self-relevance on facial reactions to angry body expressions. The consortium of european research on emotion (CERE

    The impact of gender upon the appraisal of the self-relevance of others' angry expressions

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    The impact of gender upon the appraisal of the self-relevance of others' angry expressions. The consortium of european research on emotion (CERE

    Self-relevance appraisal influences facial reactions to emotional body expressions.

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    People display facial reactions when exposed to others' emotional expressions, but exactly what mechanism mediates these facial reactions remains a debated issue. In this study, we manipulated two critical perceptual features that contribute to determining the significance of others' emotional expressions: the direction of attention (toward or away from the observer) and the intensity of the emotional display. Electromyographic activity over the corrugator muscle was recorded while participants observed videos of neutral to angry body expressions. Self-directed bodies induced greater corrugator activity than other-directed bodies; additionally corrugator activity was only influenced by the intensity of anger expresssed by self-directed bodies. These data support the hypothesis that rapid facial reactions are the outcome of self-relevant emotional processing

    Mean activity over the <i>corrugator supercilii</i> region between 300 and 700 ms.

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    <p>The mean (SEM) activity is represented as a function of A) the Target of Attention (Self (green), Other (blue)) and the Levels of Emotion (1,2,3,4) and, B) only for Self-oriented conditions for the 4 Levels of Anger. *p<0.05.</p

    2*4 factorial design.

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    <p>Short movies of neutral (1), mild (2), moderate (3) and intense anger (4) oriented-to-Self and oriented-to-Other were presented.</p

    Time course of the mean EMG activity.

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    <p>A) Over the <i>corrugator supercilii</i> region as a function of the Target of Attention (S for Self (green), O for Other (blue)) and the Levels of Emotion (1,2,3,4). Activity reflects average activation during each 100-ms time interval. B) Over the <i>zygomaticus</i> region as a function of the Target of Attention (S for Self, O for Other) and the Levels of Emotion (1,2,3,4).</p

    Results from the categorization task.

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    <p>Mean percentage for each choice (Anger, Neutral or Other) of the categorization task plotted as a function of the Levels of Emotion (1, 2, 3, 4).</p

    Intensity of felt emotions.

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    <p>The intensity of Felt Emotions (Threatened, Irritated, Surprised, Confused and Sad) with standard-errors are plotted as a function of the Target of Attention (S for Self, O for Other), and the Levels of Emotion (1, 2, 3, 4). The grey asterisks on the right signal feelings that significantly increased with Levels of Emotion. Blacks asterisks on panels signals feelings that significantly increased for Self as compared to Other-directed body.</p
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