153 research outputs found

    Design issues of a variable thermal resistance

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    Some years ago we have proposed a thermal mount with electronically variable thermal resistance [1]. In this earlier work the feasibility of such a structure has been demonstrated. Now we intend to realize this mount in a maturated form, suitable to the everyday use in the practice of package thermal qualification and modeling. The design of such a device raises a number of new questions and problems. The present paper is dealing with these problems and the possible solutions.Comment: Submitted on behalf of TIMA Editions (http://irevues.inist.fr/tima-editions

    Semiconductor ring lasers for all-optical signal processing

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    Since the late 1980s there has been a strong interest in exploiting optical bistablity for all-optical signal processing. In this scenario, a novel and promising building block is the semiconductor ring laser (SRL) that exhibits bistability between the counter-propagating cavity modes. This thesis reports on the design, fabrication and characterisation of 1550 nm lasing wavelength SRLs that are intended for applications as all-optical flip-flops and logic elements. Substantial optimisation of SRL design and processing technology is carried out in order to promote unidirectional bistable operation and allow high yield. Fabricated, large size, 150 um - 200 um radius SRLs, show robust unidirectional bistable operation with 30 - 35 dB directional extinction ratio (DER) between the counter-propagating modes, from near threshold up to 5 - 6 times threshold current bias. A significant advantage of the optimised technology is that 98% of the devices per chip show continuous wave (cw) and room temperature lasing with an average 2 - 3mA threshold current dispersion. Switch-on and switch-off times as short as 60 ps and 30 ps were measured, respectively, and reliable 10 Gbit/s flip-flop (FF) operation with external triggering optical pulses was achieved with these devices. Temporal measurements and calculations show that the switching speed of the free running SRL is limited by the carrier lifetime. A monostable device consisting of a SRL and an integrated distributed feedback laser (DFB) source is also presented, and this holding beam (HB) configuration is used to demonstrate all-optical NOT operation with data rates up to 2.5 Gbit/s. Dry etch chemistries for realizing 3.2 - 4.5 um deep waveguides, which show minimal bending losses, are developed and evaluated in order to enable dense integration of SRL devices. In addition, compact, milliwatt output power racetrack shaped cavity designs with radii as small as 10 um are presented. These devices exhibit minimal intra-cavity back-reflections by employing bi-level etching couplers and adiabatic straight to curved waveguide convertors. Finally, these developments provide a more than 150 times footprint reduction compared to large radius devices, whilst also preserving the robust unidirectional operation of their relatives with slightly lower, 20 - 30 dB DER

    HozsĂĄnna Ă©s a vĂ©nek. FohĂĄszok Ă©s kedvtelĂ©sek - meseszerƱ törtĂ©net egy rajongĂł utasembertƑl

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    Zeusz Ă©s MnĂ©moszĂŒnĂ© eskĂŒvƑjĂ©n – Ă­gy mesĂ©li Pindarosz, a Kr. e. V. szĂĄzadban Ă©lt görög költƑ – a vƑlegĂ©ny megkĂ©rdezte az istenektƑl, hogy mire volna szĂŒksĂ©gĂŒk. Ɛk azt vĂĄlaszoltĂĄk, hogy olyan lĂ©nyeket szeretnĂ©nek, akik dicsƑitik Ƒket.Zeusz Ă©s MnĂ©moszĂŒnĂ© kilenc napon ĂĄt tartĂł szenvedĂ©lyĂ©nek gyĂŒmölcsei a MĂșzsĂĄk lettek, akiknek a feladata az istenek magasztalĂĄsa, Ă©s akik az embereknek „feledĂ©st hoznak a bajokra, nyugalmat a gondban”. A Kr. e. VIII. szĂĄzadban HĂ©sziodosz Ă­gy beszĂ©li el a nĂĄszt Ă©s a MĂșzsĂĄk szĂŒletĂ©sĂ©t: „Zeusz KronidĂ©sznak PĂ­eriĂĄban szĂŒlte meg Ƒket MnĂ©moszĂŒnĂ©, az EleuthĂ©r lejtƑjĂ©n ki kirĂĄlynƑ, s Ƒk hoznak feledĂ©st a bajokra, nyugalmat a gondban. Mert szerelemben töltött bölcs Zeusz vĂ©le kilenc Ă©jt, tĂĄvol a többi halĂĄltalanoktĂłl szent nyoszolyĂĄjĂĄn, Ă©s hogy az Ă©v elmĂșlt Ă©s Ă©vszakok Ășj sora indult, fogytak a holdak s teljes lett nagy szĂĄma napoknak, MnĂ©moszĂŒnĂ© megszĂŒlte kilenc egyforma leĂĄnyĂĄt, kik csak az Ă©nekkel gondolva a gondot elƱzik, legmagasabb hĂłfödte olĂŒmposzi csĂșcs közelĂ©ben.” Az antik felfogĂĄs szerint a MĂșzsĂĄk a költƑi tudĂĄs forrĂĄsai. Mint HomĂ©rosznĂĄl: „S most, MĂșzsĂĄk, ti beszĂ©ltek: olĂŒmposzi bĂ©rceken Ă©ltek, istennƑk vagytok, s mindent jĂłl lĂĄtva ti tudtok, mĂ­g minekĂŒnk csak hĂ­rhallĂĄsunk, semmi tudĂĄsunk...

    Editorial: Predictors for aggressiveness of papillary thyroid carcinoma

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    Exploring multi-stability in semiconductor ring lasers: theory and experiment

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    We report the first experimental observation of multi-stable states in a single-longitudinal mode semiconductor ring laser. We show how the operation of the device can be steered to either monostable, bistable or multi-stable dynamical regimes in a controlled way. We observe that the dynamical regimes are organized in well reproducible sequences that match the bifurcation diagrams of a two-dimensional model. By analyzing the phase space in this model, we predict how the stochastic transitions between multi-stable states take place and confirm it experimentally.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure

    It Was From Love He Blabbed To Me!’ Re-Constructing Puơkin’s Romantic Tragedy: The Poetics And Poesis Of Provocation. The Pre-Texts Within The Text Of Boris Godunov

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    In this paper I aim to invite attention to a possible way of interpreting Pushkin’s historical play, Boris Godunov. I shall attempt to trace a particular poetical mechanism employed by Pushkin throughout his historical play. I call this mechanism ‘the poetics of provocation’, wherein the original sense of the Latin verb provoco is to be be understood: ‘to call out, challenge, invite one to'. The particular way this Pushkinian text is organized via what I hereby term as the 'poetics of provocation' has has a special bearing on how the sujet of this play unfolds

    Puơkin’s ‘Virtual Scene. Some Aspects of Puơkin’s Historiography. Boris Godunov as the Trivium on the Way to the Polyphonic Novel

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    In this paper I aim at drawing attention to one of the specific characteristics of Puơkinian dramaturgy encountered in the poet’s ‘romantic tragedy’, Boris Godunov. By doing so, not only shall we be able to come across new points for the interpretation of the play or gain further insight into its genesis but we will also be able to get nearer to answering some of the questions about the after-life of Boris Godunov. This is likely to help us localize the Puơkinian ‘historical drama’ in the chronotopics of literary history

    Tarka dal ösvényén. Költészethasznålati bédekker

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    Az OdĂŒsszeia XXII. Ă©nekĂ©ben a dalnok, PhĂ©miosz a kĂ©rƑkkel vĂ©gzƑ OdĂŒsszeuszhoz folyamodik. Arra figyelmezteti a kirĂĄlyt, hogy ha Ƒt is megöli, azt meg fogja bĂĄnni: „Mert magad is megbĂĄnod majd, ha megölted a lantost, engem, az istenek Ă©s a halandĂłk Ă©nek-adĂłjĂĄt.” A könyörgĂ©s lĂ©nyegi rĂ©sze, hogy a dalnok lelkĂ©be „az isten mindenfĂ©le dal ösvĂ©nyĂ©t ĂŒltette el”. A zĂĄrĂłsor ellenĂĄllhatatlan: „tĂ©ged mint istent zenglek: ne akarj lenyakazni.” A költƑ folyamodĂĄsa sikerrel zĂĄrul, a dalnok Ă­gy az OdĂŒsszeia egyik nagy tĂșlĂ©lƑje lesz. 2700 Ă©vvel HomĂ©rosz utĂĄn kĂŒlönös mĂłdon fordĂ­tja ki PhĂ©miosz argumentĂĄciĂłjĂĄt az Oszip Mandelstamnak tulajdonĂ­tott mondĂĄs: „Sehol a vilĂĄgon nincsen akkora becsĂŒlete az irodalomnak, mint nĂĄlunk, OroszorszĂĄgban, ahol egy versĂ©rt megölhetik az embert.” PhĂ©miosz Ă©s Mandelstam ugyanarrĂłl beszĂ©lnek: a költĂ©szet becsĂŒletĂ©rƑl. MezƑsi MiklĂłs Ășgy megy szembe a költĂ©szet hagyomĂĄnyaival, hogy eközben a lehetƑ leghagyomĂĄnyosabb marad: egy archaikus, mĂĄra mĂĄr homĂĄlyba veszƑ hagyomĂĄnyba kapcsolĂłdik, abba az antik tradĂ­ciĂłba, amikor az Ă©kes Ă©s mulatsĂĄgos kommunikĂĄciĂł termĂ©szetes eszköze volt a vers, amikor a költƑi megszĂłlalĂĄs az Ă©rvelĂ©s közege, a többĂ©rtelmƱsĂ©gek jĂĄtĂ©kos vagy jelentƑsĂ©gteljes ĂĄtadĂĄsĂĄnak csaknem mindennapi mĂłdja lehetett. MezƑsi azt az illĂșziĂłt kelti, hogy ekkĂ©nt megszĂłlalni teljesen termĂ©szetes, de fƑleg: izgalmas, Ă©rdekes, jĂĄtĂ©kos gesztus, aminek nemcsak befogadĂĄsa, de lĂ©trehozĂĄsa sem jelenthet semmifĂ©le problĂ©mĂĄt. A sorokban megbĂșvĂł csavarokat, a sokszoros szĂłjĂĄtĂ©kok bonyodalmait talĂĄn csak sokadik olvasĂĄsra Ă©rzĂ©keljĂŒk. Nem ezek csillognak az elƑtĂ©rben. A hemzsegƑ intertextuĂĄlis utalĂĄsok, a klasszikus reminiszcenciĂĄk, a költĂ©szeti tradĂ­ciĂł fölĂ©nyes birtoklĂĄsĂĄt mutatĂł utalĂĄsok Ă©s idĂ©zetek rĂ©vĂ©n MezƑsi ezĂĄltal is összekapcsolja az ĂĄltala mƱvelt, rĂ©gi mintĂĄkhoz visszanyĂșlĂł, s ezĂ©rt nagyon is „egzotikus”, idegen, furcsa költĂ©szetet a költƑi beszĂ©d ma Ă©rvĂ©nyes hagyomĂĄnyĂĄval. KĂĄlmĂĄn C. Györg

    The Golden Age and Genre Poetics: “Implicit Prophecy” in Vergil's Fourth Eclogue and Pushkin's Boris Godunov. Two Variations on the Auto-Creation of the Poetic Self

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    Research article. This article raises the question whether any link can be suppositioned between “factual” history and what we normally call “the history of literature”. It puts the texts of Ec­logue IV and Boris Godunov to a close and thorough examination to find the answer to this question. This research study was published in Russian Text (19th Century) and Antiquity (Budapest—Tartu), 2008, as my contribution to a collaborative project hosted by Eötvös LorĂĄnd University and Eötvös JĂłzsef Collegium (Budapest) and The Institute of Philosophy and Semiotics at The University of Tartu to discover and interpret intertextual connections between 19th-century Russian literature and Antiquity

    Charting the Phenomenology of Music. Rhetoresis and Imagery in Opera (Musorgsky and Mozart)

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    The present paper is part of a complex, interdisciplinary and intermedial, research project based on a closed-reading approach in the philological sense which I am conducting in opera semiotics and literary and philosophical anthropology with the aim to provide a series of interpretations of drama and opera of selected operas of Mozart and plays of Shakespeare, inviting Nietzsche and Kierkegaard as our guides. The term I coined as the ‘phenomenology of music’ refers to the methodology of outward or perceptible indications depicted (or the depictability of such indications) in form(ation)s and configurations related to and conditioned by the musical expression. The findings presented in this paper are intended to serve as a stepstone for close-reading based analyses of other operas. In the first part of this paper I offer a close-reading analysis of a scene from a Musorgsky opera leading us to identify a ‘musical trope’—the musical metaphor—which I will term as the ‘musical synecdoche.’ Musical tropology, likewise metaphor in language, becomes a key tool in approaching the musical work. One of the characteristic elements in the poetic arsenal of Gogol, a technique termed by Boris Eikhenbaum as the ‘Gogolian mask,’ re-appears in Musorgsky's last opera, Khovanshchina, having a musical genre adapt a literary legacy. The second part of the paper is somewhat more pragmatical, insofar it examines opera staging sets—the Figure of the Child from Andrei Tarkovsky’s production of Musorgsky’s Boris Godunov—intending to draw attention to the importance of selecting the right tools in designing the visuality of an opera performance
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