9 research outputs found
Spain
This chapter presents a review of the situation concerning the various geomorphological hazards in the country, including some information about existing programmes for research, control and mitigation. With its great variety of climatic, geological and morphodynamic environments, Spain is subject to every kind of natural hazard: tsunamis, floods, volcanism, and mass movements. The whole of the territory is prone to some kind of geomorphological hazard but it is in the eastern and southern coastal strips that the risks are greatest. One of the main problems for the mitigation of geomorphological hazards in Spain is the lack of an appropriate regulatory framework for the incorporation of natural hazard assessments into land-use planning and management at the macro-, meso- and micro-planning levels. The coverage of hazard mapping is still far from complete or adequate, and much work remains to be done. There has been considerable diversity in the methods used for risk assessment and for the cartographic representation of natural hazards. An urgent need is to establish common, accepted methodologies and criteria, based on indicators defined as clearly as possible, and to standardize map legends and scales for different planning levels. Information programmes for the general public also need to be considerably expanded
Riesgos geológicos en España: estado de la cuestión
Trabajo presentado en el III Congreso geolĂłgico de España y VIII Congreso Latinoamericano de GeologĂa, celebrado en Salamanca (España), en 1992Peer reviewe
Short-term changes in klotho and FGF23 in heart failure with reduced ejection fractionâa substudy of the DAPA-VO2 study
The klotho and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) pathway is implicated in cardiovascular pathophysiology. This substudy aimed to assess the changes in klotho and FGF-23 levels 1-month after dapagliflozin in patients with stable heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). The study included 29 patients (32.2% of the total), with 14 assigned to the placebo group and 15 to the dapagliflozin, as part of the double-blind, randomized clinical trial [DAPA-VO2 (NCT04197635)]. Blood samples were collected at baseline and after 30 days, and Klotho and FGF-23 levels were measured using ELISA Kits. Between-treatment changes (raw data) were analyzed by using the Mann-Whitney test and expressed as median (p25%âp75%). Linear regression models were utilized to analyze changes in the logarithm (log) of klotho and FGF-23. The median age was 68.3 years (60.8â72.1), with 79.3% male and 81.5% classified as NYHA II. The baseline medians of left ventricular ejection fraction, glomerular filtration rate, NT-proBNP, klotho, and FGF-23 were 35.8% (30.5â37.8), 67.4â
ml/min/1.73â
m2 (50.7â82.8), 1,285â
pg/ml (898â2,305), 623.4â
pg/ml (533.5â736.6), and 72.6â
RU/ml (62.6â96.1), respectively. The baseline mean peak oxygen uptake was 13.1â±â4.0â
ml/kg/min. Compared to placebo, patients on dapagliflozin showed a significant median increase of klotho [Î+29.5, (12.9â37.2); pâ=â0.009] and a non-significant decrease of FGF-23 [Îâ4.6, (â1.7 to â5.4); pâ=â0.051]. A significant increase in log-klotho (pâ=â0.011) and a decrease in log-FGF-23 (pâ=â0.040) were found in the inferential analysis. In conclusion, in patients with stable HFrEF, dapagliflozin led to a short-term increase in klotho and a decrease in FGF-23
Sismicidad inducida por la manipulaciĂłn del subsuelo
Los terremotos inducidos por la inyecciĂłn de gas realizadas en la plataforma continental del golfo de Valencia, proyecto El Castor, en septiembre-octubre 2013, han creado cierta alarma social en las poblaciones costeras prĂłximas. Esto, que es novedoso en España, ha ocurrido con cierta frecuencia en otras ĂĄreas pobladas en distintos paĂses y por causa de varios tipos de manipulaciĂłn del subsuelo. Este artĂculo intenta ilustrar el problema de la sismicidad inducida por la actividad del hombre. SegĂșn se describe en el texto, la sismicidad inducida tiene unos lĂmites, mĂĄximo terremoto inducido, que pueden ser investigados en cada caso. De esa manera, se pueden establecer protocolos de actuaciĂłn que impidan que dichas actividades causen daños materiales en las localidades prĂłximas. Earthquakes induced by the gas injection in the continental platform, of the golf of Valencia, Castor Project, last September-October 2013, has motivated some social alarm within the nearby coastal population. That, which is new for Spain, has happened with some frequency at some other populated areas, in different countries and due to various types of subsoil manipulations. This article tries to illustrate the induced seismicity problem due to human activities. As it is described in the text, the induced seismicity has some limits (maximum induced earthquake) that can be investigated for each particular case. By this way, protocols of operation can be established to avoid that theses activities might cause material damage to local population
Crustal structure beneath Spain from deep seismic sounding experiments
Major tectonic units of Spain have been investigated by deep seismic sounding experiments since 1974 to determine crustal structures and to delineate their differences. These areas are the central part of the Hercynian Meseta, and the Alpine chains: the Betic Cordillera in the south, including the Balearic promontory and the Alboran Sea, and the Pyrenees in the north. The main features of the crust and the upper mantle along a NNE-SSW cross-section from the Pyrenees to the Alboran Sea are described. The crust under the Meseta is typical of Hercynian areas found elsewhere in Europe, with an average thickness of 31 km, whereas the two Alpine regions are characterized by very large lateral inhomogeneities, such as rapid thickening of the crust to 50 and 40 km under the Pyrenees and the Betics, respectively. The deep-reaching E-W-trending North Pyrenean fault has a throw of 10-15 km at the base of the crust. A Pn velocity of 8.1 km s-1 is found under the entire Iberian Peninsula. In the Alboran Sea, strongly varying thicknesses of sediments, shallow variable depths to the Moho (⌠13 km under the Alboran ridge), and strong variations of Pn velocity between 7.5 and 8.2 km s-1 have been found. © 1983.Peer Reviewe
Comparison of QuEChERS official methodologies for the analysis of pesticide residues on Colombian fruit by GC-MS
Microseismicity and tectonics in the Granada Basin (Spain)
20 pĂĄginas, 9 figuras, 3 tablas, 2 apĂ©ndices.A microseismic experiment carried out in 1994 in the Granada Basin (Spain) permitted the precise recording of more than 80 local earthquakes. The dense distribution of the local network, with 40 to 50 instrumental records for each event, enabled us to have well-controlled hypocenters, and also 10 reliable focal mechanisms. The above observations are interpreted together with topographic data, neotectonics, and sub-surface information. Microtectonic observations in Sierra Elvira, Padul and Zafarraya gave a set of fault planes and striae, which were interpreted in terms of the recent regional stress tensor. The actual stress tensor obtained from the microseismic campaign data gives a regime in radial extension, with Ï1 vertical and Ï3 oriented NS to NNE. Microtectonic information is coherent with these orientations, but closer to 3-axial extension. A set of 64 mechanisms obtained from the permanent Andalusian network favors a NS orientation for Ï3. This results are interpreted in terms of the general model implying the lateral ejection of the Betic ranges towards the Atlantic.This work received support from the Centre
Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS,
France), the Instituto Geografico Nacional (IGN,
Spain), and the Instituto Andaluz de Geofisica
(IAG).Peer reviewe
Short-term effects of dapagliflozin on maximal functional capacity in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (DAPA-VO2): a randomized clinical trial
Aims
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of dapagliflozin on 1 and 3-month maximal functional capacity in patients with stable heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).
Methods and results
In this multicentre, randomized, double-blind clinical trial, 90 stable patients with HFrEF were randomly assigned to receive either dapagliflozin (n = 45) or placebo (n = 45). The primary outcome was a change in peak oxygen consumption (peakVO2) at 1 and 3âmonths. Secondary endpoints were changes at 1 and 3âmonths in 6-min walk test (6MWT) distance, quality of life (Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire [MLHFQ]), and echocardiographic parameters (diastolic function, left chamber volumes, and left ventricular ejection fraction). We used linear mixed regression analysis to compare endpoint changes. Estimates were adjusted for multiple comparisons. The mean age was 67.1â±â10.7âyears, 69 (76.7%) were men, 29 (32.2%) had type 2 diabetes, and 80 (88.9%) were in New York Heart Association class II. Baseline means of peakVO2, 6MWT and MLHFQ were 13.2â±â3.5 ml/kg/min, 363â±â110âm, and 23.1â±â16.2, respectively. The median (25thâ75th percentile) of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide was 1221âpg/ml (889â2100). Most patients were on treatment with sacubitril/valsartan (88.9%), beta-blockers (91.1%), and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (74.4%). PeakVO2 significantly increased in patients on treatment with dapagliflozin (1âmonth: +Î 1.09âml/kg/min, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.14â2.04; p = 0.021, and 3âmonths: +Î 1.06âml/kg/min, 95% CI 0.07â2.04; p = 0.032). Similar positive findings were found when evaluating changes from baseline. No significant differences were observed in secondary endpoints.
Conclusions
Among patients with stable HFrEF, dapagliflozin resulted in a significant improvement in peakVO2 at 1 and 3âmonths
Fusing technology into organizations with ITIL. Conference Proceedings
Actas del III Congreso Interacadémico itSMF España / Universidad Carlos III de Madrid celebrado el 13 de mayo de 2008 en la Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (Leganés, Madrid