Calculation of Phase Diagrams of Ternary Reciprocal Molten Salt Mixtures. The System Li+-K+-F--Cl-

In order to calculate phase diagrams of ternary reciprocal molten salt systems, the conformal ionic solution theory and an earlier developed binary ionic-interaction model has been used to derive the excess chemical potentials of the components. A computer program has been developed which delivers data on phase equilibria in the form of tables of liquidus temperatures against the composition of the system. The method of calculation has been applied to the system Li+-K+-F--Cl- and the calculated phase diagram is compared with the experimental one

Transition metal complexes with pyrazole-based ligands. Part 29. Reactions of zinc(II) and mercury(II) thiocyanate with 4-acetyl-3-amino-5-methylpyrazole

The work is concerned with the crystal and molecular structures of zinc(II) and mercury(II) complexes with 4-acetyl-3-amino-5-methylpyrazole (aamp) of the coordination formulae [Zn(NCS)(2)(aaMP)(2)] and (HaaMP)(2)[Hg(SCN)(4)]. The zinc(II) complex was obtained by the reaction of a warm methanolic solution of aamp with a mixture of zinc(II) nitrate and ammonium thiocyanate, whereas the mercury(II) complex was prepared by the reaction of a warm methanolic solution of aamp and a warm, slightly acidified aqueous solution of [Hg(SCN)(4)](2-). Both complexes have a tetrahedral geometry, which in the case of zinc complex is formed by monodentate coordination of two aamp molecules and two isothiocyanate groups. The Zn(II) and Hg(II) atoms have significantly deformed coordination geometry. In both crystal structures the pyrazole derivative has a planar form, probably stabilized by an intramolecular N-H center dot center dot center dot O hydrogen bond. Apart from the X-ray structural analysis, the isolated complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, conductometric measurements and thermal analysis

Hitozan/bentonit granule za tretman otpadnih voda

Aim of this research was synthesis of chitosan/bentonite nanocomposite beads for colored wastewater treatment by adsorption. Influence of preparation procedure on the morphology, adsorption and thermal properties has been studied. It was proved that procedure method affects morphology, as well as enthalpy of absorbed water evaporation, which depends on the molarity of NaOH, and does not affect glass transition temperature. Chitosan adsorption capacity was improved by addition of modified bentonite, which is desirable in colored wastewater treatment.Cilj ovog istraživanja je bila sinteza hitozan/bentonit nanokompozitnih granula za prečišćavanje obojenih otpadnih voda metodom adsorpcije. Proučavan je uticaj postupka pripreme na morfologiju, kao i na adsorpciona i toplotna svojstva nanokompozitnih biopolimera. Dokazano je da način pripreme hibridnih granula utiče na morfologiju, kao i na entalpiju isparavanja adsorbovane vode čija vrednost zavisi od molarnosti NaOH, a ne utiče na temperaturu prelaska u staklasto stanje. Sposobnost adsorpcije hitozana je poboljšana dodavanjem modifikovanog bentonita, koji je poželjan u tretmanu obojenih otpadnih voda

Correlations between the in vitro antiproliferative activity, structure and thermal stability of some macrocyclic dinuclear Cu(II) complexes

Seven macrocyclic dinuclear Cu(II) complexes with tpmc = = N,N ',N '',N'''-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane of coordination formulae [Cu(2)tpmc](ClO4)(4) (1), [Cu-2(X)tpmc](ClO4)(3)center dot nH(2)O, X= F-, n = 0 (2), X = Cl-, n = 1 (3), X = Br-, n = 0 (4), X= I-, n = 1 (5), X = = NO2-, n = 0 (6), [Cu-2(NCS)(2)tpmc](ClO4)(2) (7) were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against human cervix adenocarcinoma (HeLa), human melanoma (Fem-x) and human colon carcinoma (LS174) cell lines. The results were compared with the corresponding data for the cis-diamminedichloridoplafinum(H) (CDDP) as referent cytostatic, as well as with the free ligands and the solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as controls. The complexes showed considerable antiproliferative effect, although significantly less than CDDP. The thermal decomposition pattern of the complexes was determined by simultaneous TG/DSC measurements. The thermal stability of the compounds 2-7 followed the trend of their antiproliferative activity against the HeLa cell line, as well as their corresponding stability constants. The highest thermal stability and cytotoxicity belonged to complex [Cu(2)tpmc](ClO4)(4), with no anionic co-ligand. Complex [Cu-2(NO2)tpmc](ClO4)(3) exhibited a selective cytotoxicity against LS174 cells, at the level of the most active [Cu(2)tpmc](ClO4)(4)

THERMAL STABILITY AND DAMPING PROPERTIES OF POLYURETHANE HYBRID MATERIAL BASED ON CASTOR OIL

This study reports the fabrication of environmentally friendly polyurethane materials using either 2,4-toluene diisocyanate or isophorone diisocyanate, castor oil as a polyol component, and TiO2 nanoparticles. Samples were prepared with stoichiometric balance of reactive groups. Dynamic viscoelastic properties of prepared samples were studied. The ratio of the loss component to the storage component (tanδ) was used as a measure of the material damping properties. The glass transition temperature was determined as a position of the tanδ curve maximum. The temperature range with tanδ > 0.3 was used to evaluate damping capacity of elastomers. Thermal stability of prepared samples was estimated by TGA method. It was assessed that PU based on aliphatic diisocyanate have higher thermal stability. Obtained values of the glass transition temperature and the starting degradation temperature are important for the application window of novel materials. This study reports the fabrication of environmentally friendly polyurethane materials using either 2,4-toluene diisocyanate or isophorone diisocyanate, castor oil as a polyol component, and TiO2 nanoparticles. Samples were prepared with stoichiometric balance of reactive groups. Dynamic viscoelastic properties of prepared samples were studied. The ratio of the loss component to the storage component (tanδ) was used as a measure of the material damping properties. The glass transition temperature was determined as a position of the tanδ curve maximum. The temperature range with tanδ > 0.3 was used to evaluate damping capacity of elastomers. Thermal stability of prepared samples was estimated by TGA method. It was assessed that PU based on aliphatic diisocyanate have higher thermal stability. Obtained values of the glass transition temperature and the starting degradation temperature are important for the application window of novel material

Implementing ETC System on Hungarian Motorway Network

Question of transport infrastructure charges - among others- covers calculation and allocation of infrastructure costsreferring different users. Cost allocation forms the basis of settingthe user charges. The reason for the existence of applyingmileage-proportional pricing system is generally accepted, asthe European regulations also discuss this topic seriously. Thismileage-proportional pricing system demands an appropriatetoll collecting system, which meets the requirements of arrangedprinciples. Among these, the most important principlesare equity, effectiveness and efficiency. Electronic Toll Collecting(ETC) systems are an appropriate solution to solvingcharging problems in various ways according to the differentkind of systems. In Hungary the current motorway charging systemis not an adequate solution for success of these principlesin the long-term. A new, mileage-proportional pricing system isbeing initiated. This study presents the plans of HungarianETC system for motorway network, focusing on introductoryissues. Among several preparatory steps, examining acceptabilitybarriers of ETC system for the stakeholders of transport isneeded. Their problem perception is to satisfy their- often contrary-demands in equal, fair and effective ways. The policy implementationprocess also plays an important role to generatesufficient conditions to implement this solution. This contributionis to discuss these objectives in applying the ETC system inan acceptable way

Thermal decomposition of new chlorido(p-cymene) ruthenium(II) complexes containing N-alkylphenothiazines

The thermal decomposition of [RuCl2(eta(6)-p-cymene)](2) (1) and its biologically active N-alkylphenothiazine compounds of composition L[RuCl3(eta(6)-p-cymene)] where L = CPH+ (2), TFH+center dot HCl (3), and TRH+ (4) (chlorpromazine hydrochloride, CP center dot HCl; trifluoperazine dihydrochloride, TF center dot 2HCl; and thioridazine hydrochloride, TR center dot HCl, respectively) has been studied. The crystal and molecular structure of compound 3 was determined earlier by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The thermal data were collected by simultaneous TG/DSC measurements. For evolved gas detection, the qualitative reaction of chlorides with AgNO3 in an acidic solution was applied. The measurements were carried out in the temperature range to 700 A degrees C in nitrogen atmosphere. Compounds of L[RuCl3(eta(6)-p-cymene)] crystallize with water or water/2-propanole. On the basis of thermal data, the trend in the solvent bonding energies was assessed

Thermal decomposition of new ruthenium(II) complexes containing N-alkylphenothiazines

Thermal decomposition of chlorpromazine hydrochloride (CP center dot HCl), trifluoperazine dihydrochloride (TF center dot 2HCl) and thioridazine hydrochloride (TR center dot HCl), and the ruthenium complexes with dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso) of composition [RuCl(2)(dmso)(4)] and L[RuCl(3)(dmso)(3)]center dot xEtOH, L = CP center dot HCl, TF center dot 2HCl or TR center dot HCl is described. The phenothiazines are stable to temperature range of 200-280 A degrees C with an increasing stability order of TF center dot 2HCl < CP center dot HCl < TR center dot HCl. The decomposition of all the compounds takes place in superposing steps. For detection of chlorides and sulfides, EGD analysis was performed. The decomposition pattern of the complexes, due to their similar structure, is similar. The thermal data unambiguously resolve the contradiction between the elemental analysis and X-ray structural data for (TF center dot 2HCl)[RuCl(3)(dmso)(3)]Cl center dot EtOH. The compound crystallizes with one EtOH, evaporating in part at room temperature