Aspasian Infidelities. On Aspasius’ Philosophical Background (EN I)

The discussion on Aspasius’ philosophical background has benefited in recent years from a wide consensus. According to this consensus, Aspasius should be regarded as a Peripatetic, or even as an “orthodox Peripatetic” (Barnes’ phrase). It is true that Aspasius’ commentary is generally in tune with Aristotle. It is true that he shows an extensive knowledge of Aristotelian research pertinent for the discussions and that he uses Aristotelian concepts, principles, and doctrines with ease as if they were his own, thus denoting an old assimila- tion of those materials and a long accommodation to them. In a word, it is true that Aspasius is an Aristotelian. He is, however, as I will try to show in this paper, an Aristotelian strongly influenced by Stoicism. I will do so by selecting those points from Aspasius’ commentary on book I of the Nicomachean Ethics where the Stoic influence is most flagrantly evident, namely in his interpretation of art (τέχνη), his conception of continence and incontinence and, especially, his interpretation of the relation between happiness, virtue, and external goods in Aristotle.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Types of Predication in Aristotle (Posterior Analytics I 22)

Predication is a complex entity in Aristotelian thought. The aim of the present essay is to account for this complexity, making explicit the diverse forms it assumes. To this end, we turn to a crucial chapter of the Posterior Analytics (1 22), where, in the most complete and developed manner within the corpus, Aristotle proceeds to systematize this topic. From the analysis, it will become apparent that predication can assume, generically, five forms: 1) the predication of essence (to autôi einai katêgoresthai), that is of the genus and the specific differentia; 2) essential predication (to autôi einai katêgoresthai), that is either of the genus or of the differentiae (or their genera); 3) the predication of accidents per se; 4) the predication of simple accidents (hôs sumbebêkota katêgoresthai); 5) accidental predication (kata sumbebêkos katêgoresthai). However, only types 2-4 are forms of strict predication (haplôs ). In effect, the “predication” of essence is not a genuine predication, but a formula for identity, constituting, technically, the statement of the essence of the subject (or its definition). On the other hand, accidental “predication” can only be conceived of as such equivocally, since it results from a linguistic accident through which the ontological subject of the attribution suffers a displacement to the syntactic position of the predicate, which is not, by nature, its own. In neither case does the phrase bring about any legitimate predication. The study concludes with a discussion of Aristotle’s thesis according to which no substance can be a predicate, which is implied by its notion of accidental predication, a thesis which has been – and in our opinion wrongly so – challenged in modern times.Predication is a complex entity in Aristotelian thought. The aim of the present essay is to account for this complexity, making explicit the diverse forms it assumes. To this end, we turn to a crucial chapter of the Posterior Analytics (1 22), where, in the most complete and developed manner within the corpus, Aristotle proceeds to systematize this topic. From the analysis, it will become apparent that predication can assume, generically, five forms: 1) the predication of essence (to autôi einai katêgoresthai), that is of the genus and the specific differentia; 2) essential predication (to autôi einai katêgoresthai), that is either of the genus or of the differentiae (or their genera); 3) the predication of accidents per se; 4) the predication of simple accidents (hôs sumbebêkota katêgoresthai); 5) accidental predication (kata sumbebêkos katêgoresthai). However, only types 2-4 are forms of strict predication (haplôs ). In effect, the “predication” of essence is not a genuine predication, but a formula for identity, constituting, technically, the statement of the essence of the subject (or its definition). On the other hand, accidental “predication” can only be conceived of as such equivocally, since it results from a linguistic accident through which the ontological subject of the attribution suffers a displacement to the syntactic position of the predicate, which is not, by nature, its own. In neither case does the phrase bring about any legitimate predication. The study concludes with a discussion of Aristotle’s thesis according to which no substance can be a predicate, which is implied by its notion of accidental predication, a thesis which has been – and in our opinion wrongly so – challenged in modern times

Chatbot development to assist patients in health care services

Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia InformáticaDados de alta qualidade sobre tratamentos médicos e de informação técnica tornaram-se acessíveis, criando novas oportunidades de E-Saúde para a recuperação de um paciente. A implementação da aprendizagem automática nestas soluções provou ser essencial e eficaz na elaboração de aplicações para o utilizador para aliviar a sobrecarga do sector de saúde. Atualmente, muitas interações com os utentes são realizadas via telefonemas e mensagens de texto. Os agentes de conversação podem responder a estas questões, fomentando uma rápida interação com os pacientes. O objetivo fundamental desta dissertação é prestar apoio aos pacientes, fornecendo uma fonte de informação fidedigna que lhes permita instruir-se e esclarecer dúvidas sobre os procedimentos e repercussões dos seus problemas de saúde. Este propósito foi concretizado não apenas através de uma plataforma Web intuitiva e acessível, composta por perguntas frequentes, mas também integrando um agente de conversação inteligente para responder a questões. Para este fim, cientificamente, foi necessário conduzir a investigação, implementação e viabilidade dos agentes de conversação no domínio fechado para os cuidados de saúde. Constitui um importante contributo para a comunidade de desenvolvimento de chatbots, na qual se reúnem as últimas inovações e descobertas, bem os desafios actuais da aprendizagem automática, contribuindo para a consciencialização desta área.High-quality data on medical treatments and facility-level information has become accessible, creating new eHealth opportunities for the recuperation of a patient. Machine learning implementation in these solutions has been proven to be essential and effective in building user-centred applications to relieves the burden on the healthcare sector. Nowadays, many patient interactions are handled through healthcare services via phone calls and text message exchange. Conversation agents can provide answers to these queries, promoting fast patient interaction. The underlying aim of this dissertation is to assist patients by providing a reliable source of information to educate themselves and clarify any doubts about procedures and implications of their health issue. This purpose was achieved not only through an intuitive and accessible web platform, with frequently asked questions, but also by integrating an intelligent chatting agent to answer questions. To this end, scientifically, it was necessary to conduct the research, implementation and feasibility of closed-domain conversation agents for healthcare. It is a valuable input for the chatbot development community, which assembles the latest innovations and findings, as well as the current challenges of machine learning, contributing to the awareness of this field

Relations in Aristotle

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

O Pensamento Socialista em Portugal no século XIX

Resumo: Neste trabalho examinamos as características do pensamento socialista português na primeira metade do século XIX e indicamos as cinco etapas do seu desenvolvimento.Palavras-Chave: Socialismo; História; Etapas; Fases; Portugal

Aristotle on Predication

Predication is a complex entity in Aristotelian thought. The aim of the present essay is to account for this complexity, making explicit the diverse forms it assumes. To this end, we turn to a crucial chapter of the Posterior Analytics (1 22), where, in the most com- plete and developed manner within the corpus, Aristotle proceeds to systematize this topic. From the analysis, it will become apparent that predication can assume, generically, five forms: 1) the predication of essence (τὸ αὐτῷ εἶναι κατηγορεῖσθαι), that is of the genus and the specific difference; 2) essential predication (τό ἐν τῷ τί ἐστι κατηγορεῖσθαι), that is either of the genus or of the differences (or their genera); 3) the predication of accidents per se and 4) simple accidents (ὡς συμβεβηκότα κατηγορεῖσθαι); 5) accidental predication (κατὰ συμβεβηκὸς κατηγορεῖσθαι). However, only types 2–4 are forms of strict predication (ἁπλῶς). In effect, the “pre- dication” of essence is not a genuine predication, but a formula for identity, constituting, technically, the statement of the essence of the subject (or its definition). On the other hand, accidental “predication” can only be conceived of as such equivocally, since it results from a linguistic accident through which the ontological subject of the attribution suffers a displacement to the syntactic position of the predicate, which is not, by nature, its own. In neither case does the attribution bring about any legitimate predication. The study concludes with a discussion of Aristotle’s thesis according to which no subs- tance can be a predicate, which is implied by its notion of accidental predication, a thesis which has been – and in our opinion wrongly so – challenged in modern times.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Obras Completas De Aristóteles Em Língua Portuguesa

A edição das Obras Completas de Aristóteles em língua portuguesa que, por iniciativa do Centro de Filosofia da Universidade de Lisboa e com o apoio da Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, começou a ser publicada pela editora portuguesa Imprensa Nacional ”“ Casa da Moeda em 2004, arrancou de uma constatação: o número extremamente insuficiente de traduções dos escritos aristotélicos publicadas em Portugal até a esse momento (apenas seis, algumas das quais antigas, desactualizadas ouinsatisfatórias: Categorias, Sobre a Alma, Política, Retórica, Poética e Constituição dos Atenienses) e, em consequência, o fraco nível de interesse da comunidade filosófica portuguesa pelo autor e o muito deficitário grau de conhecimento, do público em geral, em relação à obra e ao pensamento deste grande filósofo

A sustentabilidade na reabilitação do edificado

Dissertação apresentada à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia CivilA presente dissertação aborda o tema da reabilitação de edifícios habitacionais no atual panorama do setor da construção, integrando o conceito de sustentabilidade em todas as fases do ciclo de vida dos edifícios. Diferentes indicadores económicos indicam que o setor da construção atravessa uma das maiores crises de que há memória, decorrente das crises nacional e internacional que se têm vindo a sentir. O setor da construção nova encontra-se saturado e o parque habitacional existente – embora recente – apresenta sinais claros de degradação e de níveis baixos de eficiência, relativamente ao consumo de recursos. Deste modo, olha-se para a reabilitação como uma necessidade de mercado face à crise do setor. Atualmente a construção sustentável tem de se tornar parte integrante da reabilitação para ir ao encontro das necessidades cada vez maiores por parte dos ocupantes dos edifícios, e possibilitar uma salvaguarda dos diferentes recursos para as gerações vindouras.This dissertation addresses the issue of renovation of residential buildings in the current scenario of the construction sector, integrating the concept of sustainability in all stages of the life cycle of buildings. Different economic indicators indicate that the construction industry is going through a major crisis in living memory, resulting from national and international crisis. The new construction industry is saturated and the existing housing stock – though recent – shows clear signs of degradation and low levels of efficiency, concerning resource consumption. Therefore, we look to renovation as a market need with crisis in the sector. Currently sustainable building has become an integral part of renovation to meet the increasing needs by the occupants of the buildings, and enable a protection of the different resources for future generations