Enhancing father engagement in parenting programs: Translating research into practice recommendations

Objective Given the increasing research and practice interest in father engagement, this article aimed to develop a clinical narrative integrating the extant research literature to distil key practice recommendations for enhancing father engagement in parenting interventions for child wellbeing. Method A narrative review of research on father engagement in interventions for child wellbeing was conducted, to identify and distil evidence‐based policies and practices to enhance father engagement for practitioners and organisations. Results Six broad policy and practice recommendations are provided that pertain to: engaging the parenting team, avoiding a father deficit model, increasing father awareness of parenting interventions, ensuring father‐inclusive program content and delivery, increasing organisational support for father‐inclusive practice, and increasing professional father engagement training. Conclusion This review provides practitioners with guidelines for enhancing father engagement based on the available research. It also provides recommendations for further research regarding the effectiveness of strategies to enhance father engagement

A parenting programme to prevent abuse of adolescents in South Africa:Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

An estimated one billion children experience child abuse each year, with the highest rates in low- and middle-income countries. The Sinovuyo Teen programme is part of Parenting for Lifelong Health, a WHO/UNICEF initiative to develop and test violence-prevention programmes for implementation in low-resource contexts. The objectives of this parenting support programme are to prevent the abuse of adolescents, improve parenting and reduce adolescent behavioural problems. This trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Sinovuyo Teen compared to an attention-control group of a water hygiene programme.This is a pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial, with stratified randomisation of 37 settlements (rural and peri-urban) with 40 study clusters in the Eastern Cape of South Africa. Settlements receive either a 14-session parenting support programme or a 1-day water hygiene programme. The primary outcomes are child abuse and parenting practices, and secondary outcomes include adolescent behavioural problems, mental health and social support. Concurrent process evaluation and qualitative research are conducted. Outcomes are reported by both primary caregivers and adolescents. Brief follow-up measures are collected immediately after the intervention, and full follow-up measures collected at 3-8 months post-intervention. A 15-24-month follow-up is planned, but this will depend on the financial and practical feasibility given delays related to high levels of ongoing civil and political violence in the research sites.This is the first known trial of a parenting programme to prevent abuse of adolescents in a low- or middle-income country. The study will also examine potential mediating pathways and moderating factors. Pan-African Clinical Trials Registry PACTR201507001119966

Autobiographical Past and Future Thinking in Patientis with Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Autobiographical thinking involves vivid recollection of past and construction of future events, which contain episodic and non-episodic information. The events are situated in a specific spatiotemporal context and often contain sensory, perceptual and emotional details. Retrieving past and generating future events involves overlapping cognitive and neural mechanisms. According to the Constructive Episodic Simulation Hypothesis (CESH) relational processing and the hippocampi are critical for both recall of past and generation of future episodic information. Conversely, bilateral hippocampal damage has been shown to impair recall of episodic details from both temporal directions: past and future. Research involving patients with unilateral temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) whose seizures typically emanate from the hippocampus has revealed impaired recall of past episodic details. Whether unilateral TLE also impacts generation of future episodic details, however, has not been investigated. In this study we examined past and future thinking in patients with a history of unilateral TLE (n=20) and control (NC) subjects (n=20). Patients with TLE were found to be impaired, relative to controls, in recall of episodic but not non-episodic details for past and future events. Further analyses of past and future events revealed that patients with TLE demonstrated selective impairments in recall of episodic details, relating to event, place and perceptual details, but not episodic detail relating to time or emotion in past and future events. Overall, impoverished recall of episodic event details (past and future) was related to poor relational memory. In summary, our findings are consistent with the CESH, and provide initial evidence that unilateral TLE is associated with impaired recall of past and future episodic details

Autobiographical Past and Future Thinking in Patientis with Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Autobiographical thinking involves vivid recollection of past and construction of future events, which contain episodic and non-episodic information. The events are situated in a specific spatiotemporal context and often contain sensory, perceptual and emotional details. Retrieving past and generating future events involves overlapping cognitive and neural mechanisms. According to the Constructive Episodic Simulation Hypothesis (CESH) relational processing and the hippocampi are critical for both recall of past and generation of future episodic information. Conversely, bilateral hippocampal damage has been shown to impair recall of episodic details from both temporal directions: past and future. Research involving patients with unilateral temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) whose seizures typically emanate from the hippocampus has revealed impaired recall of past episodic details. Whether unilateral TLE also impacts generation of future episodic details, however, has not been investigated. In this study we examined past and future thinking in patients with a history of unilateral TLE (n=20) and control (NC) subjects (n=20). Patients with TLE were found to be impaired, relative to controls, in recall of episodic but not non-episodic details for past and future events. Further analyses of past and future events revealed that patients with TLE demonstrated selective impairments in recall of episodic details, relating to event, place and perceptual details, but not episodic detail relating to time or emotion in past and future events. Overall, impoverished recall of episodic event details (past and future) was related to poor relational memory. In summary, our findings are consistent with the CESH, and provide initial evidence that unilateral TLE is associated with impaired recall of past and future episodic details

Capturing the developmental timing of adverse childhood experiences : The Adverse Life Experiences Scale

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been associated with a range of physical and mental health problems, and it is now understood that the developmental timing of ACEs may be critically important. Despite this, there is a distinct lack of methods for the efficient assessment of such timing in research and clinical settings. We report on the development and validation of a new measure, the Adverse Life Experiences Scale (ALES), that indexes such developmental timing within a format incorporating caregivers' reports of ACEs in their own lives and those of their children. Participants were a nationally representative sample of Australian families (n = 515; Study 1), and a sample of clinic-referred families (n = 168; Study 2). Results supported the internal consistency and test-retest reliability of the ALES and indicated high levels of acceptability for the measure. In terms of validity, ALES scores were significantly associated with interview-based measures of child maltreatment and quality of the family environment, as well as measures of psychopathology across multiple informants (parents, teachers, clinician-rated). Furthermore, indices of ACEs occurring within specific age-based periods of childhood were found to explain unique variance in current symptoms of child and caregiver psychopathology, independent of the overall chronicity of those ACEs and current adversity

Additional file 1: of A parenting programme to prevent abuse of adolescents in South Africa: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

SPIRIT 2013 checklist: recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol. (DOC 122 KB