Temperature To Digital Converter Design And Measurement

Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, 2016Thesis (M.Sc.) -- İstanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, 2016Bu çalışmada AMS 0.35u CMOS teknolojisinde 12 bitlik bir sıcaklık sayısal dönüştürücü tasalarlandı ve serimi yapıldı. Tasarlanan dönüştürücü Euro Practice aracılığıyla İTÜ VLSI Labs finans desteği ile üretildi. Dönüştürücünün yonga boyutları 1024um X 600um 0.6144 mm2 iken giriş çıkış padleri ve ESD elamanlar ile birlikte toplamda 1.43 mm2 alan kaplamaktadır. Simulasyon sonuçları ile -40C 85C sıcaklık aralığıda 12 bitlik 0.25C çözünürlük gösterilmiş ve ölçüm sonuçları ile yine aynı sıcaklık aralığında 10 bitlik 1C çözünürlük doğrulanmıştır.Temperature to digital converter is designed and taped-out using AMS035HB4 process. The dimension of the IC core is 1024um X 600um while full chip with esd and pad rings occupying 1024um X 1395um. The simulation results show that 12 bits temperature to digital conversion is achieved with 0.25C resolution while measurement verifies 10 bits temperature to digital conversion with 1 C resolution.Yüksek LisansM.Sc

PROJECT SCHOOLS AS A SCHOOL-BASED MANAGEMENT MODEL

Education is a very expensive investment with high opportunity costs. Efforts for attaining schools with intended quality top the agenda of world nations’ education plans and programs. Turkish Ministry of National Education has also made several reforms to increase the quality of education. The latest reform made in the field of educational management model has been the project schools developed with various innovations. Including school principals into the teachers’ selection process can be regarded as the new aspect of school-based management. Sharing authority to choose teachers with school principals is a brand new approach for the Turkish National Education system. This study aims to detect reflections of project schools’ structural and managerial features in practice and depends on the qualitative method, including observation and interviewing techniques. The research sample comprises 15 Imam Hatip High Schools located in Istanbul in 2018-2019 Education Year and 23 teachers working in these schools. “Semi-structured Interview Questionnaire” was utilized for scaling. According to research results, we conclude that teachers in project schools are satisfied with the new education model. There seems to be a total increase in teachers’ efficiency in addition to higher teacher performances, due to the teams built under the leadership of school principals.   Keywords: Project School, School-Based Management, Leadership, Teamwor

CORRIGENDUM

"Corrigendum." Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management, 20(1), p. i

Near-field radiation from nano-particles and nano-antennas illuminated with a focused beam of light

The interaction of photons with metallic nanoparticles and nanoantennas yields large enhancement and tight localization of electromagnetic fields in the vicinity of nanoparticles. In the first part of this study, the interaction of a spherical nanoparticle with focused beams of various angular spectra is investigated. This study demonstrates that the focused light can be utilized to manipulate the near-field radiation around nanoparticles. In the second part of this study, the interaction between linearly and radially polarized focused light with prolate spheroidal nanoparticles and nano-antennas is investigated. Strong and tightly localized longitudinal components of a radially polarized focused beam can excite strong plasmon modes on elongated nanoparticles such as prolate spheroids. The effect of a focused beam on parameters such as the numerical aperture of a beam and the wavelength of incident light, as well as particle geometry and composition are also studied

Maksiller premolar radiküler oluğu: “tehlikeli bölge”midir?

Objectives: To evaluate the presence of radicular groove and dentin thickness on the palatal aspect of the buccal root of maxillary first premolars using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and methods: Images of 312 maxillary first premolars belonging to 187 patients (between 18-69 years, 94 females and 93 males) who were referred to the clinic were retrospectively reviewed. Root canal treatment, periapical lesion, and post-core were excluded. One and three-rooted premolars were also excluded. CBCT images were viewed on the axial plane to detect grooves. The concave area on the palatal aspect of the buccal root was recorded as a groove. Buccal and palatal dentin thicknesses were measured by two observers at the level of 3 mm below furcation. Statistical analyses were performed. Results: Buccal and palatal thicknesses were 1.28(±0.25) and 0.87(±0.13) mm, respectively. According to Student’s t-test, buccal dentin thickness was statistically higher than palatal dentin. The prevalence of groove was 82.05%. While palatal thickness without groove was 0.93(±0.14) mm, palatal thickness corresponding to groove was 0.82(±0.12) mm. One-way ANOVA showed palatal and buccal thickness in group 1 (18-35 years) was statistically lower than group 3 (>65 years). No statistical difference in thickness was observed between sex and left or right side. Conclusions: Palatal thickness related to groove can be considered a “danger zone” for post-core and endodontic treatment. Considering the high prevalence (82.05%) and thin dentin of the groove, more conservative canal and post space preparation and CBCT examination are recommended to avoid perforation.Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı maksiller birinci premolardaki bukkal kökün palatinalinde bulunan oluğun prevalansının ve ayrıca bukkal ve palatinal dentin kalınlığının konik-ışınlı bilgisayarlı tomografi kullanarak (KIBT) incelenmesidir Yöntem: Çalışmaya, kliniğe başvuran 187 hastaya ait (18-69 yaş arası, 94 kadın ve 93 erkek) 312 premolar dişin KIBT görüntüsü dahil edildi. Kanal tedavili, post uygulanmış, tek veya üç köklü premolar dişler çalışma dışı bırakıldı. Kök oluğunu tespit edebilmek için KIBT görüntüleri aksiyel kesitte incelendi. Bukkal kökün palatinalindeki konkav alanlar oluk olarak kaydedildi. Bukkal ve palatinal dentin kalınlıkları iki gözlemci tarafından, furkasyonun 3 mm altından ölçüldü. İstatistiksel analiz yapıldı. Bulgular: Bukkal ve palatinal dentin kalınlıkları sırasıyla 1,28(±0,25) ve 0,87(±0,13) olarak bulundu. Student’s ttestine göre, bukkal dentin kalınlığı palatinaldeki dentin kalınlığına göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede fazla bulundu. Bukkal oluk prevalansı %82,05 olarak kaydedildi. Oluk bulunmayan palatinal dentin kalınlığı 0,93(±0,14) mm iken oluk bulunan palatinal dentin kalınlığı 0,82(±0,12) mm olarak tespit edildi. Tek yönlü ANOVA testine göre, palatinal ve bukkal kalınlık grup 1(18-35 yaş)’de istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede grup 3 (>65 yaş)’e göre daha inceydi. Cinsiyet ve sağ-sol arasında dentin kalınlığı açısından bir farklılık gözlenmedi. Sonuçlar: Kök oluğu bulunan bölgedeki dentin kalınlığı kanal tedavisi ve özellikle kök dentininde kayba sebep olan post uygulamaları açısından “tehlikeli bölge” olarak düşünülebilir. Kök oluğunun yüksek prevalansı ve kök oluğundaki ince dentin varlığı düşünüldüğünde, klinikte perforasyon oluşumu engellemek için, işlem öncesi üç boyutlu inceleme ve ayrıca daha konservatif kanal şekillendirmesi ve post boşluğu hazırlığı önerilir

Evaluation of the bone thickness of mandibular molars using cone beam computed tomography

Objective: To investigate buccal and lingual bone thicknesses and fenestration rate of mandibular first and second molars using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: A total of CBCT images of 41 patients were selected and overall 120 mandibular molars were investigated. The buccal and lingual alveolar bone widths were measured at apex of the roots. The prevalence of fenestration in mandibular molars was recorded. Statistical analyses were performed. Results: The buccal bone widths of mesial root of second molars were significantly lower than the lingual (p<0.05). The lingual bone widths of mesial and distal root of second molars were lower than the buccal (p<0.05). The lowest thickness of buccal and lingual bone was observed in mesial root of first molar and distal root of second molar. The prevalence of fenestration in mandibular first and second molars was 5% and 10%. Conclusion: The buccal bone widths were lower at the first molar than the second molar. All fenestrations in first molar were in buccal aspect, in second molar were in lingual aspect. Topographical proximity of the buccal side of first molar and the lingual side of second molar to bone plate create a risky region for endodontic treatment or spread of infection.No sponso

A Comparison of Fas-Fas Ligand Mediated Apoptosis with Clinical and Pathological Parameters in Larynx Cancers; Twenty Years After Laryngectomy

Objective: Larynx cancer constitutes 2% of all cancers in adults with 96% of larynx malignancies being squamous cell carcinoma (SHC). Apoptosis is a cell death mechanism that is quite different from necrosis. It is also known as programmed cell death, physiological cell death, or cell suicide. Physiological mediators that activate programmed cell death (apoptosis) are Fas and Fas Ligand (FasL). Materials and Methods: In a thesis study conducted by our authors in 2004, we investigated the relationship of Fas-Fas ligand-mediated apoptosis with survival in laryngeal cancer, prognostic factors (age, localization, histological grade, tumor size, lymph, blood vessel invasion), stage, and inflammatory response of the tumor. In this study, we investigated the relationship between survival and death rates after 20 years and Fas-FasL. Results: When FAS was evaluated 20 years later, a statistically significant difference was found between mortality rates depending on stage (p=0.023; p0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, we found that the Fas/Fas-L system was not associated with clinical parameters in laryngeal cancers in our short-term follow-up. However, when we repeated our follow-up 20 years later, we found that Fas system deficiency, although not in FAS Ligand, adversely affected survival in the long term in laryngeal cancer patients

Debljina dentina u zoni opasnosti i morfologija kanala maksilarnih kutnjaka

Objectives: Dentin thickness in concave areas of the root creates risk for complications such as strip perforation during endodontic treatment. The study aims to examine dentin thickness of the danger (DZ) and safety zone (SZ), canal configuration, and the presence of isthmus in the mesiobuccal root of maxillary molars. Material and methods: Cone-beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) images of 1251 teeth belonging to 642 patients were retrospectively reviewed. The dentin thicknesses at DZ and SZ in maxillary molars with one (MB) or two mesiobuccal canals (MB1, MB2) were measured at the 3 mm apical to the furcation level. Vertucci’s canal configurations and the isthmus rate were recorded. The Chi-square test andThe Student’s t-test were performed. Results: MB2 rate was higher in maxillary first molars (61.68%) than second molars (39.36%). Isthmus rates were 27.3% and 44.11% in first and second molars. DZ thickness was thinner than the dentin thickness in the SZ in both first and second molars with one or two mesial canals (p< 0.05). In teeth with single canal, the mean DZ thickness was 0.88mm. In teeth with two canals, the mean DZ thicknesses were 0.83mm and 0.80mm for MB1 and MB2 canals, respectively. Conclusion: MB2 rate was higher in the first molar (61.68%), and the isthmus rate was higher in the second molar (44.11%). DZ and SZ were thinner in MB2 than in MB1 at the maxillary molars with two mesial canals. The results indicated that more conservative preparation must be applied to the MB2 canal in the maxillary molars.No sponso

Yeniden birleşme (wiedervereinigung) sonrasında Demokratik Almanya Cumhuriyeti’ndeki kamu görevlilerinin arındırılmasının (lustration) insan hakları ve hukuk devleti açısından değerlendirilmesi

Bu?yu?k toplumsal dönu?şu?m ve siyasal rejim değişimlerinin yaşandığı dönemlerin kaçınılmaz sonuçlarından birisi de geçmişle yu?zleşme su?reci ve geçiş dönemi adaletidir. Geçmişle yu?zleşmenin araçlarından en önemlilerinden birisi de idari teşkilatın yeniden yapılandırılması aşamasında, insan hakları ihlaline yol açan kamu görevlilerinden devletin arındırılmasıdır. Bunun en önemli örneklerinden birisini de 1990 senesinde Demokratik Almanya Cumhuriyeti ve Federal Almanya Cumhuriyeti’nin birleşmesi sonrasında yaşanan arındırma su?reci(lustration) oluşturmaktadır. İşte bu çalışmada bu su?reci doğuran olaylar, arındırma faaliyetlerinin pozitif hukuktaki kaynakları, idare tarafından uygulanması ve yargı kararlarında bu arındırma faaliyetlerine yönelik değerlendirmeler tu?m yönleriyle ele alınacak ve karşılaştırmalı hukuk ışığında Federal Almanya Cumhuriyeti’nde 1990 senesi sonrasındaki arındırma faaliyetlerinin hukuk devleti ile ne ölçu?de bağdaştığı tartışılacaktır

Geotechnical properties, one-dimensional consolidation behavior and liquefaction susceptibility of the glaciolacustrine clay samples from the Oso landslide

Involving a wide range of ground movements, such as rock falls, deep slope failures, and shallow flows of debris, landslides may cause damage to property, injury, and death. Such a landslide occurred in Washington state, near Oso, in 2014. Synthesized available literature on identical soil material was used for the investigation. On the two samples, S1 and D5 from the event site, plasticity tests and one-dimensional consolidation testing were performed. Main objectives were to compare the volume of the 2014 debris run-out with the volume of the colluvium at the toe of the slope prior to the 2014 slide, to estimate the properties of the colluvium, to explore hypotheses about how the strength of the colluvium reduced enough for it to flow like a liquid, and to provide guidance for future projects to identify the possibility of a large run-out like this event. To achieve these objectives, a literature review and an experimental program comprised compiling all the available information about the 2014 debris flow, conducting supplementary laboratory testing on remolded samples from the slope, summarizing the synthesized available literature on the mechanisms of the 2014 debris flow, and investigating hypotheses to explain the Oso debris flow. Provided the conducted test results and the obtained available data from the literature, two conclusions may be drawn: 1. The debris flow volume included more than only colluvium, with previously in-place materials behind it, 2. It is hard to explain whether the debris flowed like a liquid based on the critical state line, liquidity indices, or undrained remolded shear strengths obtained.Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineerin