Matrix Optimization of ZnO for Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Small Neurochemicals in Rat and Mouse Brain Tissue

Testing experimental parameters in order to optimize ZnO nanoparticles as a matrix for low molecular weight neurochemicals in rat and mouse brain tissue

Cyclic cycle systems of the complete multipartite graph

In this paper, we study the existence problem for cyclic $\ell$-cycle decompositions of the graph $K_m[n]$, the complete multipartite graph with $m$ parts of size $n$, and give necessary and sufficient conditions for their existence in the case that $2\ell \mid (m-1)n$

Not Just Asking Questions: Effects of Implicit and Explicit Conspiracy Information About Vaccines and Genetic Modification

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Taylor & Francis (Routledge) via the DOI in this record.While conspiracy ideation has attracted overdue attention from social scientists in recent years, little work focuses on how different pro-conspiracy messages affect the take-up of conspiracy beliefs. In this study, we compare the effect of explicit and implicit conspiracy cues on the adoption of conspiracy beliefs. We also examine whether corrective information can undo conspiracy cues, and whether there are differences in the effectiveness of corrective information based on whether a respondent received an explicit or implicit conspiracy cue. We examine these questions using a real-world but low-salience conspiracy theory concerning Zika, GM mosquitoes, and vaccines. Using a preregistered experiment (N = 1018: https://osf.io/hj2pw/), we find that both explicit and implicit conspiracy cues increase conspiracy beliefs, but in both cases corrections are generally effective. We also find reception of an explicit conspiracy cue and its correction is conditional on feelings toward the media and pharmaceutical companies. Finally, we find that examining open-ended conspiracy belief items reveals similar patterns, but with a few key differences. These findings have implications for how news media cover controversial public health issues going forward.European Research Counci

A Novel Hierarchy of Integrable Lattices

In the framework of the reduction technique for Poisson-Nijenhuis structures, we derive a new hierarchy of integrable lattice, whose continuum limit is the AKNS hierarchy. In contrast with other differential-difference versions of the AKNS system, our hierarchy is endowed with a canonical Poisson structure and, moreover, it admits a vector generalisation. We also solve the associated spectral problem and explicity contruct action-angle variables through the r-matrix approach.Comment: Latex fil

How Politics Shape Views Toward Fact-Checking: Evidence from Six European Countries

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from SAGE Publications via the DOI in this recordFact-checking has spread internationally, in part to confront the rise of digital disinformation campaigns. American studies suggests ideological asymmetry in attitudes towards factchecking, as well as greater acceptance of the practice among those more interested in and knowledgeable about politics. We examine attitudes toward fact-checking across 6 European counties to put these findings in a broader context (N = 6,067). We find greater familiarity with and acceptance of fact-checking in Northern Europe (Sweden, Germany) than elsewhere (Italy, Spain, France, Poland). We further find two dimensions of political antipathy: a left-right dimension and an “anti-elite” dimension (including dissatisfaction with democracy and negative feelings toward the E.U.), the latter of which more consistently predicts negative feelings toward fact-checkers in the countries examined. Our findings demonstrate that despite general acceptance of the movement, significant political divides remain. Those less likely to trust factcheckers could be more vulnerable to disinformation targeting these divides, leading to a spiral of cynicism.European Commissio

In Situ Mechanical Analysis of the Nanoscopic Solid Electrolyte Interphase on Anodes of Li-Ion Batteries

The interfacial decomposition products forming the so-called solid–electrolyte interphase (SEI) significantly determine the destiny of a Li-ion battery. Ultimate knowledge of its detailed behavior and better control are required for higher rates, longer life-time, and increased safety. Employing an electrochemical surface force apparatus, it is possible to control the growth and to investigate the mechanical properties of an SEI in a lithium-ion battery environment. This new approach is here introduced on a gold model system and reveals a compressible film at all stages of SEI growth. The demonstrated methodology provides a unique tool for analyzing electrochemical battery interfaces, in particular in view of alternative electrolyte formulations and artificial interfaces. © 2019 The Authors. Published by WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH Co. KGaA, Weinhei

Towards Global Consensus on Core Outcomes for Hidradenitis Suppurativa Research: An Update from the HISTORIC Consensus Meetings I and II

BACKGROUND: A core outcomes set (COS) is an agreed minimum set of outcomes that should be measured and reported in all clinical trials for a specific condition. Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) has no agreed-upon COS. A central aspect in the COS development process is to identify a set of candidate outcome domains from a long list of items. Our long list had been developed from patient interviews, a systematic review of the literature and a healthcare professional survey, and initial votes had been cast in two e-Delphi surveys. In this manuscript, we describe two in-person consensus meetings of Delphi participants designed to ensure an inclusive approach to generation of domains from related items. OBJECTIVES: To consider which items from a long list of candidate items to exclude and which to cluster into outcome domains. METHODS: The study used an international and multistakeholder approach, involving patients, dermatologists, surgeons, the pharmaceutical industry and medical regulators. The study format was a combination of formal presentations, small group work based on nominal group theory and a subsequent online confirmation survey. RESULTS: Forty-one individuals from 13 countries and four continents participated. Nine items were excluded and there was consensus to propose seven domains: disease course, physical signs, HS-specific quality of life, satisfaction, symptoms, pain and global assessments. CONCLUSIONS: The HISTORIC consensus meetings I and II will be followed by further e-Delphi rounds to finalize the core domain set, building on the work of the in-person consensus meetings

Integrable semi-discretization of the coupled nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger equations

A system of semi-discrete coupled nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger equations is studied. To show the complete integrability of the model with multiple components, we extend the discrete version of the inverse scattering method for the single-component discrete nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger equation proposed by Ablowitz and Ladik. By means of the extension, the initial-value problem of the model is solved. Further, the integrals of motion and the soliton solutions are constructed within the framework of the extension of the inverse scattering method.Comment: 27 pages, LaTeX2e (IOP style

Integrable discretizations of derivative nonlinear Schroedinger equations

We propose integrable discretizations of derivative nonlinear Schroedinger (DNLS) equations such as the Kaup-Newell equation, the Chen-Lee-Liu equation and the Gerdjikov-Ivanov equation by constructing Lax pairs. The discrete DNLS systems admit the reduction of complex conjugation between two dependent variables and possess bi-Hamiltonian structure. Through transformations of variables and reductions, we obtain novel integrable discretizations of the nonlinear Schroedinger (NLS), modified KdV (mKdV), mixed NLS, matrix NLS, matrix KdV, matrix mKdV, coupled NLS, coupled Hirota, coupled Sasa-Satsuma and Burgers equations. We also discuss integrable discretizations of the sine-Gordon equation, the massive Thirring model and their generalizations.Comment: 24 pages, LaTeX2e (IOP style), final versio