Bio-inspired chemical hydrogen storage and discharge as a source of electrical energy

Reversible bio-inspired chemical hydrogen storage systems accumulate electrical energy in the form of electrons and proton ions located on biomolecules or bio-like storage molecules. Electro-active biomolecules (EAB) in Yeast media show such behavior: 2e−+2H++EAB (aq) + ⇆EABH/H (aq) + , also electro-active Methylene Blue (MB): 2e−+2H++MB (aq) + ⇆MBH/H (aq) + . The power characteristics of microbial fuel cell stacks equipped with such bio-inspired hydrogen storage systems were examined. E. coli cultures charged these bio-inspired separate chemical hydrogen storage units up to E=0.50±0.06V; cell potentials increased proportionally in serial double, triple, and quadruple hydrogen storage stacks up to E OCV=1.98V; the maximum power densities that were obtained improved proportionally with stack length by an increment of 1.4. The bio-inspired chemical hydrogen storage principle is of great interest for application in low-cost batteries that store renewable energ

Bio-inspired chemical hydrogen storage and discharge as a source of electrical energy

Reversible bio-inspired chemical hydrogen storage systems accumulate electrical energy in the form of electrons and proton ions located on biomolecules or bio-like storage molecules. Electro-active biomolecules (EAB) in Yeast media show such behavior: 2e− + 2H+ + EAB+(aq) ⇆ EABH/H+(aq) also electro-active Methylene Blue (MB): 2e− + 2H+ + MB +(aq) ⇆ MBH/H +(aq). The power characteristics of microbial fuel cell stacks equipped with such bio-inspired hydrogen storage systems were examined. E. coli cultures charged these bio-inspired separate chemical hydrogen storage units up to E = 0.50 ± 0.06 V; cell potentials increased proportionally in serial double, triple, and quadruple hydrogen storage stacks up to E OCV = 1.98 V; the maximum power densities that were obtained improved proportionally with stack length by an increment of 1.4. The bio-inspired chemical hydrogen storage principle is of great interest for application in low-cost batteries that store renewable energy

Probing electron transfer with Escherichia coli ::a method to examine exoelectronics in microbial fuel cell type systems

Escherichia coli require mediators or composite anodes for substantial outward electron transfer, >8 A/m2. To what extent non-mediated direct electron transfer from the outer cell envelope to the anode occurs with E. coli is a debated issue. To this end, the redox behaviour of non-exoelectrogenic E. coli K12 was investigated using a bi-cathodic microbial fuel cell. The electromotive force caused by E. coli biofilms mounted 0.2–0.3 V above the value with the surrounding medium. Surprisingly, biofilms that started forming at different times synchronised their EMF even when physically separated. Non-mediated electron transfer from E. coli biofilms increased above background currents passing through the cultivation medium. In some instances, currents were rather high because of a sudden discharge of the medium constituents. Mediated conditions provided similar but more pronounced effects. The combined step-by-step method used allowed a systematic analysis of exoelectronics as encountered in microbial fuel cells

The local iron age pottery from selected strata at Tel Yin'am, eastern lower Galilee, Israel

Tel Yin’am and nearby Khirbet Beit Gan are the only excavated sites in the Yavne’el Valley, which constituted part of an ancient international highway that connected the hinterland of the Hauran (modern-day Syria) with the Mediterranean coast. As one of the few multi-occupational, small rural sites excavated in the Eastern Lower Galilee, Tel Yin’am, which was occupied intermittently from the Neolithic period to the Roman period (6500 BCE-325 CE), provides a critical link in the occupation history and material culture of northern (modern-day) Israel. Concentrating on critical selected Iron Age strata (1200-732 BC), this study focuses on the mostly unpublished domestic pottery assemblages, subjecting the various ceramic forms to classification and development analysis, and comparing them to contemporary pottery assemblages from proximate and distant, rural and urban sites in Cisjordan and Transjordan. Through diachronic and synchronic analyses, I succeeded in: 1) developing a picture of the ceramic history of domestic types at Tel Yin’am during the Iron Age; 2) providing both relative and absolute dates for this ceramic assemblage; 3) placing the assemblage into the broader ceramic context of the Iron Age in northern Cisjordan and Transjordan; 4) highlighting the important role of roads and ancient highways and how they impacted on the history of Tel Yin’am and its material culture in the Iron Age, thereby closing a gap in the knowledge of the history of rural life and culture in the Yavne’el Valley in the Iron Age; and 5) gaining an understanding of the approximately 500-year history of consistent and changing points of contact between Tel Yin’am and other sites that lay along the highways traversing the northern Lower Galilee.Middle Eastern Studie