Results of newborn hearing screening in tepecik education and research hospital

Objectives: This study aimed to emphasize the significance of newborn hearing screening for detecting congenital hearing loss within the first 6 months of birth. Methods: The data of 5399 infants born in the Izmir University of Health Science Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey, and screened for hearing between January 2018 and December 2018 was presented in this study. All term, preterm, and asphytic newborn deliveries in the aforementioned hospital were included. The hearing screening was conducted using the auditory brainstem response (ABR) method. The first step involves the evaluation of the results of all infants before being discharged from the hospital and, the second step involves infants with problems in the results of their first step and subjected to advance testing. Results: This study included 5399 infants in the first and second steps. Of these infants, 5231 (96.9%) passed the first step. Consequently, 136 (2.5%) of the 168 infants evaluated in the second step passed it, while 32 (0.6%) of the infants were evaluated again in more detail in the third step. Six (0.2%) of the infants were not called for further evaluation, and 5 (0.2%) were diagnosed with advanced/very advanced bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. Conclusion: Congenital hearing loss negatively affects the child's language, speaking, communication, and cognitive skills. Newborn hearing screening has an important place in the early diagnosis of congenital hearing loss. The number of diagnosed and treated babies suffering from hearing loss is increasing as the number of hearing screening tests becomes widespread in Turkey. © Anatolian Journal of Family Medicine 2021

Development of an optimum proliferation medium via the graph kernel statistical analysis method for genetically stable in vitro propagation of endemic Thymus cilicicus (Turkey)

Thymus cilicicus is an endemic Eastern Mediterranean element that has aromatic-medicinal properties. Its natural population spreads across gravelly ground and open rocky areas of South and Southwest Anatolia. The current study on in vitro propagation of T. cilicicus focused deeply on environmental applications such as the development of an optimum medium composition for efficient and genetically stable micropropagation and improved preservation procedures for long-time conservation of elite germplasms for further studies. For this purpose, MS and OM media were used individually and in combination with cytokinins, charcoal, AgNO3, Fe-EDDHA, and H3BO3. The raw data were statistically analyzed via the graph kernel method to optimize the nonlinear relationship between all parameters. The optimal proliferation medium for T. cilicicus was OM supplemented with a combination of 10 g L-1 charcoal and 1 mg L-1 KIN and the calculated averages of the best regeneration rate, the best shoot number and the best shoot length were 96.89%, 3 and 1.24 respectively on this medium. The determination of genetic stability of in vitro grown plants on the optimum medium compositions obtained by the graph kernel method was carried out with the use of the ISSR-PCR technique. All the ISSR primers produced a total of 192 reproductive band profiles, none of which were polymorphic. Furthermore, the micropropagated plants were successfully rooted and acclimatized to greenhouse conditions. In this study, we present a graph kernel multiple propagation index which considers all the possible parameters needing to be analyzed. Such an index is used for the first time for the determination of the optimum proliferation medium

Thermophysical and rheological properties of unitary and hybrid nanofluids

Understanding the thermophysical properties of the working fluids in a heat transfer system is essential for improving the thermal performance of heat transfer equipment. Clarification of the complicated and entangled mechanisms of the thermophysical properties and the operating conditions need detailed experimental and modeling efforts. Nanofluids, although showing the desired improvements in the thermophysical properties, are more sensitive to operating conditions compared to traditional working fluid. The working fluid can be a single fluid, its mixtures, as well as a nanosuspension. Ethylene glycol, ethanol, water, motor oil, ammonia, and halogenated hydrocarbons are some instances of working fluids in thermal systems. This book chapter reveals the thermophysical and rheological properties of unitary and hybrid nanofluids. The behavior of nanofluids used as working fluid in a thermal system affects the thermophysical and rheological properties of the flow within the system, as well as the thermal performance of the overall system. Nanofluids are complex dispersed suspensions, and the stability, chemical and thermal compatibility of nanoparticles must be ensured during the preparation procedures and during the operation conditions. This chapter includes thermal conductivity, heat capacity, density, and viscosity alteration of nanofluids under different operating conditions such as nanoparticle type, size, temperature, and concentration. The application of nanofluids is very promising and can be a good candidate for new-generation working fluids in industrial applications. Recently the application of hybrid nanofluids has become more popular since they enhance thermophysical properties according to the selection of compatible two nanoparticle types compared to unitary nanofluids. The thermal conductivity, the viscosity and the density of the nanofluids rise with increasing concentration and alter with base fluid and nanoparticle type. Temperature increase augments the thermal conductivity but it reduces the viscosity and density of the nanoblend. Specific heat capacity of the nanofluid decreases with increasing concentration and it is directly proportional to the temperature. This study contains a thorough digest of recent novel works of researchers in the nanofluid field and aims to model and encourage the research in the academic community, as well as to lead to the more efficient use of thermal applications, industrial processes, and new technologies

Chronobiological efficacy of combined therapy of pelargonium sidoides and melatonin in acute and persistent cases of COVID-19: A hypothetical approach

Since the outbreak of the first SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in China, pharmacists have rapidly engaged and developed strategies for pharmaceutical care and supply. According to the guidelines of the International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP), clinical pharmacists/hospital pharmacists, as members of care teams, play one of the most important roles in the pharmaceutical care of patients with COVID-19. During this pandemic, many immuno-enhancing adjuvant agents have become critical in addition to antivirals and vaccines in order to overcome the disease more easily. The liquid extract obtained from the Pelargonium sidoides plant is used for many indications such as colds, coughs, upper respiratory tract infections, sore throat, and acute bronchitis. The extract obtained from the roots of the plant has been observed to have antiviral and immunomodulatory activity. In addition to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, melatonin plays a role in suppressing the cytokine storm that can develop during COVID-19 infection. Knowing that the severity and duration of COVID-19 symptoms vary within 24 hours and/or in different time periods indicates that COVID-19 requires a chronotherapeutic approach. Our goal in the management of acute and long COVID is to synchronize the medication regimen with the patient’s biological rhythm. This chapter provides a comprehensive review of the existing and emerging literature on the chronobiological use of Pelargonium sidoides and melatonin during acute and prolonged COVID-19 episodes