23 research outputs found
Time-resolved diffraction with an optimized short pulse laser plasma X-ray source
We present a set-up for time-resolved X-ray diffraction based on a short
pulse, laser-driven plasma X-ray source. The employed modular design provides
high flexibility to adapt the set-up to the specific requirements (e.g. X-ray
optics, sample environment) of particular applications. The configuration
discussed here has been optimized towards high angular/momentum resolution and
uses K-radiation (4.51 keV) from a Ti wire-target in combination
with a toroidally bent crystal for collection, monochromatization and focusing
of the emitted radiation. Ti-K photons per pulse
with relative bandwidth are delivered to the sample at 10 Hz
repetition rate. This allows for high dynamic range () measurements of
transient changes of the rocking curves of materials as for example induced by
laser-triggered strain waves.Comment: 29 pages, 8 figure
Speech Communication
Contains reports on five research projects.National Institutes of Health (Grant 5 RO1 NS04332-12)National Institutes of Health (Grant HD05168-04)U.S. Navy Office of Naval Research (Contract N00014-67-A-0204-0069)Joint Services Electronics Program (Contract DAAB07-74-C-0630)National Science Foundation (Grant SOC74-22167
Speech Communication
Contains research objectives and summary of research on four research projects.National Institutes of Health (Grant 5 RO1 NS04332-14)National Institutes of Health (Grant 5 T32 NS07040-02)National Institutes of Health (Fellowship 1 F22 NS00796-01)National Institutes of Health (Grant 1 ROI NS13028-01)National Institutes of Health (Grant 5 T3Z NS07040-02)National Institutes of Health (Fellowship 1 F22 MH58258-02)U. S. Army- Maryland Procurement Office (Contract MDA904-76-C-0331
Speech Communication
Contains reports on four research projects.National Institutes of Health (Grant 5 RO1 NS04332-15)National Institutes of Health (Grant 5 T32 NS07040-03)National Institutes of Health (Grant 5 RO1 NS13028-02)National Science Foundation (Grant BNS76-80278
Speech Communication
Contains research objectives and summary of research on six research projects and reports on three research projects.National Institutes of Health (Grant 5 RO1 NS04332-13)National Institutes of Health (Fellowship 1 F22 MH5825-01)National Institutes of Health (Grant 1 T32 NS07040-01)National Institutes of Health (Fellowship 1 F22 NS007960)National Institutes of Health (Fellowship 1 F22 HD019120)National Institutes of Health (Fellowship 1 F22 HD01919-01)U. S. Army (Contract DAAB03-75-C-0489)National Institutes of Health (Grant 5 RO1 NS04332-12
Speech Communication
Contains reports on three research projects.National Institutes of Health (Grant 2 ROI NS04332)National Institutes of Health (Training Grant 5 T32 NS07040)C. J. LeBel FellowshipsNational Institutes of Health (Grant 5 RO1 NS13028)National Science Foundation (Grant BNS76-80278)National Science Foundation (Grant BNS77-26871
Speech Communication
Contains reports on two research projects.National Institutes of Health (Grant 2 ROl1 NS04332)National Institutes of Health (Training Grant 5 T32 NS07040)C.J. LeBel FellowshipsNational Science Foundation (Grant BNS77-26871
OLIG2 is differentially expressed in pediatric astrocytic and in ependymal neoplasms.
The bHLH transcription factor, OLIG2, is universally expressed in adult human gliomas and, as a major factor in the development of oligodendrocytes, is expressed at the highest levels in low-grade oligodendroglial tumors. In addition, it is functionally required for the formation of high-grade astrocytomas in a genetically relevant murine model. The pediatric gliomas have genomic profiles that are different from the corresponding adult tumors and accordingly, the expression of OLIG2 in non-oligodendroglial pediatric gliomas is not well documented within specific tumor types. In the current study, the pattern of OLIG2 expression in a spectrum of 90 non-oligodendroglial pediatric gliomas varied from very low levels in the ependymomas (cellular and tanycytic) to high levels in pilocytic astrocytoma, and in the diffuse-type astrocytic tumors (WHO grades II-IV). With dual-labeling, glioblastoma had the highest percentage of OLIG2 expressing cells that were also Ki-67 positive (meanĀ =Ā 16.3%) whereas pilocytic astrocytoma WHO grade I and astrocytoma WHO grade II had the lowest (0.9 and 1%, respectively); most of the Ki-67 positive cells in the diffuse-type astrocytomas (WHO grade II-III) were also OLIG2 positive (92-94%). In contrast to the various types of pediatric astrocytic tumors, all ependymomas WHO grade II, regardless of site of origin, showed at most minimal OLIG2 expression, suggesting that OLIG2 function in pediatric gliomas is cell lineage dependent