The Influence of Media News Frame on Consumer’s Brand Attitudes in the Context of Product-harm Crisis

This article examines the relationships between the media news frame and consumer brand attitude after the product-harm crisis. Based on the past classification about negative events, this article divides the media news frame into two kinds: disability type and immoral type. By a 2(media frame: disability VS immorality) * 2 ( severity of crisis: high VS low) experiment, the findings show that in the case of product harm crisis, the customer brand attitude is more significantly affected by the immoral type media news frame. In the meanwhile, the significance of this frame effect is affected by cognitive need and severity of crisis. For the consumers with high cognitive need, the frame effect is not obvious. But for the ones with low cognitive need, the frame effect is obvious. The customer brand attitude is more obviously affected by the media news frame in a circumstance of high crisis than low crisis. Therefore, when a product-harm crisis happened, the firms should care about the news reporting format so that the customer brand attitude will not be seriously damaged and the brand image can be well restored

Microscopic origin of reflection-asymmetric nuclear shapes

The presence of nuclear ground states with stable reflection-asymmetric shapes is supported by rich experimental evidence. Theoretical surveys of odd-multipolarity deformations predict the existence of pear-shaped isotopes in several fairly localized regions of the nuclear landscape in the vicinity of near-lying single-particle shells with Delta_ell=Delta_j=3. We analyze the role of isoscalar, isovector, neutron-proton, neutron-neutron, and proton-proton multipole interaction energies in inducing the onset of reflection-asymmetric ground-state deformations. The calculations are performed in the framework of axial reflection-asymmetric Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov theory using two Skyrme energy density functionals and density-dependent pairing force. We show that reflection-asymmetric ground-state shapes of atomic nuclei are driven by the odd-multipolarity neutron-proton (or isoscalar) part of the nuclear interaction energy. This result is consistent with the particle-vibration picture, in which the main driver of octupole instability is the isoscalar octupole-octupole interaction giving rise to large E3 polarizability. The necessary condition for the appearance of localized regions of pear-shaped nuclei in the nuclear landscape is the presence of parity doublets involving Delta_ell=Delta_j=3 proton or neutron single-particle shells. This condition alone is, however, not sufficient to determine whether pear shapes actually appear, and -- if so -- what the corresponding reflection-asymmetric deformation energies are. The predicted small reflection-asymmetric deformation energies result from dramatic cancellations between even- and odd-multipolarity components of the nuclear binding energy

Very Low Frequency Propagation Characteristics Analysis in Coal Mines

Electromagnetic wave penetration coal-rock communication is a significant part for the smart mine communication technology, there are great challenges for electromagnetic wave is rapidly attenuated by factors such as geology and coal seam structure. In order to provide a theory basis for wireless communication technology development in coal rock, based on the Maxwell's equations, this paper establishes a physical model of wireless communication under the conditions of coal seam. To characterize the performance of the electromagnetic wave propagation, we use the Maxwell's equations to derive the exact expression of attenuation coefficient. Also, the parameters of coal and other factors affecting the electromagnetic wave propagation are analyzed and discussed. To further obtain more insights, the attenuation coefficient and skin depth of the very low-frequency (VLF) electromagnetic wave in coal medium with different degrees of metamorphism are studied, as well as the influence of resistivity. This provides scientific theoretical support for the application of VLF communication in coal mines. Finally, our theoretical analyses are verified by computer simulation, and the simulated numerical results show that: 1) The range of frequency of electromagnetic wave suitable for coal medium propagation is 3~3KHz (VLF); 2) The order of the electromagnetic waves attenuation coefficient in coal with different degrees of metamorphism is: anthracite> lignite > fat coal > coking coal > lean coal, and the order of skin depth is: lean coal > coking coal > fat coal> lignite > anthracite; 3) The resistivity of coal has little effect on the attenuation of electromagnetic wave when VLF is used for communication

Chronological Characterization of Mitochondria Fragmentation Induced Loss of Mitochondria Function

Mitochondria, although usually referred to as the powerhouse, is an organelle involved in multiple other biological processes like apoptosis and cell immunity. Mitochondria is also a dynamic organelle that goes through constant and well-regulated fusion and fission events for its proper function. Previous studies about aged cells and neurons affected by neurodegenerative diseases showed a constantly fragmented morphology of mitochondria and mitochondria fragmentation was seen correlated with its dysfunction. However, it is unclear how mitochondria fragmentation causes mitochondria dysfunction. While current model suggests that mitochondria fragmentation results in loss of mitochondrial DNA, which in turn results in mitochondria dysfunction, we believe that the previous studies is not ideal due to the cell lines used all suffered from sustained loss of mitochondrial DNA. Under this condition, it cannot be differentiated whether the dysfunction is due to fragmentation or loss of mitochondrial DNA. Our hypothesis is that mitochondria fragmentation results in heterogeneity in protein expression where each fragment may lack the full set of necessary mitochondrial protein, leading to its dysfunction.In this thesis, I used a fzo1-1 strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, in which I could induce mitochondria fragmentation and track its function and mitochondrial DNA immediately after mitochondria fragmentation. The results showed that the mitochondrial membrane potential dropped immediately after mitochondrial fragmentation while the mitochondrial DNA remained at a stable level through out the course of the experiment. These results suggest that initially after mitochondria fragmentation, mitochondrial DNA has minimum effect on loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, which is an important part of mitochondria function, opposite to previous model. I also showed the heterogeneity of MIP1 protein distributed into each mitochondria fragments in a yeast strain with constantly fragmented mitochondria. Both experiments in part support our hypothesis

Analysis of Coupling Coordination Relationship between the Accessibility and Economic Linkage of a High-Speed Railway Network Case Study in Hunan, China

The construction of a high-speed railway is important to the transportation network and economic development of a region. To further understand the interaction between accessibility and urban economic linkage in the context of high-speed railway networks, this study investigated the spatial and temporal changes in the coupling coordination between accessibility and economic linkage after a high-speed railway was opened in Hunan Province, China, using a coupling coordination model. The aim of this research is to explore the role that high-speed rail construction plays in regional development. Results indicate that (1) after the high-speed railway was opened, the accessibility of cities in Hunan Province has improved significantly, although the overall pattern has not changed by much. This is because it still shows a radiation pattern, with the Changsha–Zhuzhou–Xiangtan urban agglomeration at its core, which has subsequently spread to surrounding areas; (2) the improvement in urban accessibility has strengthened the economic linkages between cities, and the overall spatial pattern has gradually evolved from a point-axis pattern to a network pattern. The bipolar trend of total regional economic linkage has become more pronounced than what it was before; (3) the overall coordination degree of accessibility and economic linkage coupling in Hunan Province is primary coupling, and the phenomenon of regional polarization is prominent, thus showing the overall spatial pattern of ‘strong in the east and weak in the west.’ Further strengthening the construction of the high-speed railway in the northern part of Hunan, promoting the economic construction in the western and southern parts of Hunan, and building a spatial pattern of synergistic integration for Hunan’s continued transportation and economic development are suggested

Analysis of Coupling Coordination Relationship between the Accessibility and Economic Linkage of a High-Speed Railway Network Case Study in Hunan, China

The construction of a high-speed railway is important to the transportation network and economic development of a region. To further understand the interaction between accessibility and urban economic linkage in the context of high-speed railway networks, this study investigated the spatial and temporal changes in the coupling coordination between accessibility and economic linkage after a high-speed railway was opened in Hunan Province, China, using a coupling coordination model. The aim of this research is to explore the role that high-speed rail construction plays in regional development. Results indicate that (1) after the high-speed railway was opened, the accessibility of cities in Hunan Province has improved significantly, although the overall pattern has not changed by much. This is because it still shows a radiation pattern, with the Changsha–Zhuzhou–Xiangtan urban agglomeration at its core, which has subsequently spread to surrounding areas; (2) the improvement in urban accessibility has strengthened the economic linkages between cities, and the overall spatial pattern has gradually evolved from a point-axis pattern to a network pattern. The bipolar trend of total regional economic linkage has become more pronounced than what it was before; (3) the overall coordination degree of accessibility and economic linkage coupling in Hunan Province is primary coupling, and the phenomenon of regional polarization is prominent, thus showing the overall spatial pattern of ‘strong in the east and weak in the west.’ Further strengthening the construction of the high-speed railway in the northern part of Hunan, promoting the economic construction in the western and southern parts of Hunan, and building a spatial pattern of synergistic integration for Hunan’s continued transportation and economic development are suggested

Study on the Heavy Metals Removal Efficiencies of Constructed Wetlands with Different Substrates

Due to a malfunction inside Platt's camera, the majority of his first 8,000 images, dating from 1919 to 1933, have blurred areas where the unexposed film was not laying flat inside the camera. His 35mm photography after 1933 does not show this defect, but the condition of the film is rather poor, having been housed between loose sheets of paper in cardboard boxes for over 50 years. The majority of images he took from 1933-1963 are severely scratched. Therefore, only a small portion of Platt's photography has been chosen for online presentation.8/14 Plymouth dump train.GrayscalePlatt Nitrate Negative, Box 216 of 25

Investigating into the Coupling and Coordination Relationship between Urban Resilience and Urbanization: A Case Study of Hunan Province, China

In the context of accelerated urbanization, constructing resilient cities is an effective approach to tackling risks, such as extreme weather, and various urban challenges. The coupling and coordinated development of urbanization and urban resilience is a prominent embodiment of urban sustainable development and high-quality development capacity. In this study, Hunan Province, China, which is frequently affected by various disasters, is selected as a representative for examining the coupling and coordination relationship between urban resilience and urbanization level. The panel data are adopted to construct a dual-system evaluation framework integrating urban resilience and urbanization level based on the entropy weight-coefficient of variation (CV)-CRITIC method. The coupling coordination degree of this dual-system evaluation framework is calculated with the coupling model in physics and GM (1, 1) grey prediction model. Additionally, the spatial–temporal evolution characteristics of the coupling coordination degree are investigated and analyzed by ArcGIS and Geoda software. The following are indicated from the results: (1) The resilience of all cities is related to their geographical location and is characterized by a decrease from east to west; in addition, the resilience level of most cities presents a downward trend with time. (2) The urbanization level of most cities develops stably with time, but there is a growing gap in the urbanization level between regions. (3) There is a strong correlation between urban resilience and urbanization level in all cities; the unbalanced coupling and coordinated development emerge, specifically manifested by the polarization phenomenon. Eventually, a circle-difference spatial distribution pattern that starts from the central urban agglomeration and gradually decreases to the periphery is formed. (4) The prediction results of the coupling coordination degree suggest that there is an increasingly distinct polarization trend for the coupling and coordinated development between cities, and it is necessary to pay attention to those cities with a declined predicted value. (5) There is a significant positive spatial autocorrelation and agglomeration effects in the distribution of the coupling coordination degree of all cities, and the correlation is getting stronger with each passing year; the correlation mode is mainly characterized by homogeneity and supplemented by heterogeneity. Finally, several suggestions are proposed in this paper, in an attempt to lead the coordinated development of regions by novel urbanization and thus promote the sustainable development of cities. The methods and insights adopted in this study contribute to investigating the relationship between urban resilience and urbanization in China and other regions worldwide

The principle of compromise in competition: exploring stability condition of protein folding

Thermodynamic hypothesis and kinetic stability are currently used to understand protein folding. The former assumes that free energy minimum is the exclusive dominant mechanism in most cases, while the latter shows that some proteins have even lower free energy in intermediate states and their native states are kinetically trapped in the higher free energy region. This article explores the stability condition of protein structures on the basis of our study of complex chemical systems. We believe that separating one from another is not reasonable since they should be coupled, and protein structures should be dominated by at least two mechanisms resulting in different characteristic states. It is concluded that: (1) Structures of proteins are dynamic, showing multiple characteristic states emerging alternately and each dominated by a respective mechanism. (2) Compromise in competition of multiple dominant mechanisms might be the key to understanding the stability of protein structures. (3) The dynamic process of protein folding should be depicted through the time series of both its energetic and structural changes, which is much meaningful and applicable than the free energy landscape