Non-Markovian Quantum Gate Set Tomography

Engineering quantum devices requires reliable characterization of the quantum system including qubits, quantum operations (aka instruments) and the quantum noise. Recently, quantum gate set tomography (GST) has emerged as a promissing technique to self-consistently describe the quantum states, gates and measurements. However, non-Markovian correlations between the quantum system and environment cause the reliability regression of GST. It is essential to simultaneously describe the gate set and non-Markovian correlations. To this end, we first propose a self-consistent operational method, named instrument set tomography (IST), for non-Markovian GST. Based on the stochastic quantum process, the instrument set is defined to describe instruments, the initial state, and non-Markovian system-environment (SE) correlations. First, we propose a linear inversion IST (LIST) to detect and describe the disharmony of linear relationship of instruments and SE correlations with gauge freedom. However, LIST cannot always determine physical implementable instrument set because of the absence of constraints. Then, a physically constrained statistical method based on the miximum likelihood estimation for IST (MLE-IST) is proposed with polynomial number of parameters with respect to the Markovian order. It shows significant flexibility that suit for different types of device, e.g. noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices, by adjusting the model and constraints. The experimental results show the effectiveness of describing instruments and the non-Markovian quantum system. As a result, the IST provides an essential method for benchmarking and developing quantum devices in the aspect of instrument set

Shenxiong Drop Pill exerts neuroprotective effect against focal cerebral ischemia partly via regulation of the expressions of ICAM-1 and caspase-3

Purpose: To investigate the effect of Shenxiong Drop Pill (SXDP) on cerebral infarction (CI) in rats, and the involvement of anti-inflammatory response in the process.Methods: Rats were sacrificed at three different time points, viz, 24, 48 and 72 h after establishment of CI model. Neurological deficit score (NDS) was determined using Bederson’s neurological behavioral scoring method, whereas triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining was used to show brain injury. The integrated optical density (IOD) of Nissl bodies and caspase-3-positive nerve cells were measured with Nissl staining and SP kit, respectively. The mRNA expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1(ICAM-1) was determined using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Results: SXDP produced neuroprotective effect at high, medium, and low doses. The infarct volumes in the high-, medium- and low-dose SXDP, and cyclophosphamide groups were significantly reduced at each time point. Different doses of SXDP significantly reduced the mRNA expression of ICAM-1 and the IOD of caspase-3.Conclusion: These results indicate that SXDP exerts neuroprotective effects against ischemic injury by negatively regulating ICAM-1/caspase-3 downstream of inflammatory and apoptosis pathways

Modelling consumer satisfaction based on online reviews using the improved Kano model from the perspective of risk attitude and aspiration

With the development of e-commerce, an increasing number of online reviews can serve as a promising data source for enterprises to improve online products. This paper proposes a method for modelling consumer satisfaction based on online reviews using the improved Kano model from the perspective of risk attitude and aspiration. Firstly, the attributes concerned by consumers are extracted from online reviews, and sentiment analysis of the extracted attributes is carried out using Standford CoreNLP. Secondly, to identify the types of product attributes, an improved Kano model is proposed based on the effects of product attributes on consumer total utility. On this basis, different attribute types are illustrated from the perspective of risk attitude. Then, the consumer aspirations are mined based on the risk attitudes of different attributes and the attribute impact on consumer satisfaction. According to the risk attitudes and aspirations of different attributes, the quantified satisfaction functions are constructed to provide more objective and accurate improvement suggestions. Finally, the proposed method is applied to the hotel service improvement to illustrate the effectiveness. First published online 13 April 202

Connection Node Design and Performance Optimization of Girder Truss

Girder truss is a kind of high-performance truss, which is combined with some single trusses by connectors. It is the common structural form of the key-bearing node in the modern wood structure floor and roof structure system. With the development of the sponge city and green building in China, girder truss is widely used in wood structure buildings and re-roofing project for its lightweight, high strength, good seismic performance, simple construction, design flexibility, and other excellent characteristics. Since the stress environment of girder truss is more complicated than single wood truss, the wood girder truss needs higher bearing capacity. This chapter emphatically provides a theoretical basis for practical engineering and mainly introduces a new type of girder truss connected with different diameters of wood dowels. The deformation of each node in the static loading process is measured in situ and continuously by using the self-designed loading device and the advanced measuring system. Research contents include the increasing effect of girder truss than single truss and influence of different connection modes on the mechanical properties of girder trusses. We can restore the mechanical properties and failure mechanism from the two aspects of phenomena and mechanism by comparing the test results