Reflexões da logoterapia para a prática da Terapia Ocupacional/Reflections on logotherapy for the practice of Occupational Therapy

Introdução: A Terapia Ocupacional é uma profissão da área da saúde cujo foco está no fazer humano, no engajamento ocupacional e na participação social. A Logoterapia é uma abordagem centrada no sentido da existência humana cujos pilares são: liberdade de escolha, vontade de sentido e sentido da vida. Objetivo: Refletir sobre a pessoa, o fazer e o sentido a partir da visão logoterapêutica e discutir sua aplicação na prática da Terapia Ocupacional. Método: Trata-se de um ensaio teórico a partir da interlocução dos conceitos da Logoterapia e da Terapia Ocupacional. Resultados: A visão ontológica de Viktor Frankl destaca a multidimensionalidade da pessoa humana, sendo a dimensão noética (ou espiritual) aquela que aponta para a realização de sentidos na vida. A pessoa, ao encontrar o sentido, atribui um significado ao seu fazer. Por sua vez, o fazer com significado reforça a identidade da pessoa para seu engajamento em diferentes contextos ocupacionais. Conclusão: A Logoterapia é uma abordagem de grande aplicabilidade na prática da Terapia Ocupacional, pois facilita o diálogo sobre meios de proporcionar a descoberta do sentido no fazer humano, promovendo o aprendizado auto direcionado com base em valores, reconhecimento de forças pessoais e autorresponsabilidade.Palavras-chave: Terapia Ocupacional. Logoterapia. ExistensialismoAbstractIntroduction: Occupational Therapy is a health profession whose focus is on human occupation, on occupational engagement and on social participation. Logotherapy is an approach centered on the meaning of human existence whose pillars are freedom of choice, will for meaning and meaning of life. Objective: To reflect on the human being, engagement in occupation and meaning from the logotherapeutic point of view and discuss its application in the practice of Occupational Therapy. Method: This is a theoretical essay based on the interlocution between concepts of Logotherapy and Occupational Therapy. Results: Viktor Frankl's ontology highlights the multidimensionality of the human being, considering noetic (or spiritual) dimension the one that points to the realization of meanings in life. When searching for meaning, the person attributes meaning to activities. In turn, participation in meaningful occupation reinforces the person's identity and engagement in different occupational contexts. Conclusion: Logotherapy is considered an approach applicable in the practice of Occupational Therapy, suggesting ways of discovering meaning in occupations, promoting self-directed learning, based on values, recognition of personal strengths and self-responsibility.Keywords: Occupational Therapy. Logotherapy. ExistencialismResumenIntroducción: La Terapia Ocupacional es una profesión de la salud cuyo foco está en el hacer humano, en el compromiso ocupacional y en la participación social. La logoterapia es un enfoque centrado en el sentido de la existencia humana cuyos pilares son: libertad de elección, voluntad de sentido y sentido de la vida. Objetivo: Reflexionar sobre la persona, el compromiso en la ocupación y el sentido desde el punto de vista logoterapéutico, y discutir su aplicación en la práctica de la Terapia Ocupacional. Método: Se trata de un ensayo teórico basado en la interlocución entre los conceptos de Logoterapia y Terapia Ocupacional. Resultados: La visión ontológica de Viktor Frankl destaca la multidimensionalidad de la persona humana, siendo la dimensión noética (o espiritual) la que apunta a la realización de sentidos en la vida. La persona, al encontrar el sentido, atribuye un sentido a su hacer. A su vez, el hacer con sentido refuerza la identidad de la persona para su inserción en diferentes contextos ocupacionales. Conclusión: La Logoterapia se presenta como un enfoque aplicable en la práctica de la Terapia Ocupacional, presentando medios para facilitar el descubrimiento de sentido a través de la reflexión, promoviendo el aprendizaje autodirigido, basado en valores, el reconocimiento de las fortalezas personales y la autorresponsabilidad.Palabras clave: Terapia Ocupacional. Logoterapia. Existencialism

Correlation between scientific production, r&d, innovation and patents in the functional food scenario

Patent filing is considered an index of a country\u27s industrial development, it contributes to the strengthening of research, innovation and production of technological knowledge, that is, patents are considered relevant indicators to assess the country\u27s ability to transform scientific knowledge into products or technological innovations. Thus, the study aimed to investigate whether scientific advancement, R&D and innovation in research institutions or companies are linked to the evolution of the quantity of patent filings in the area of functional food production. The methodology had a descriptive and quantitative nature, in relation to the study variables, they were obtained as follows: a) Patent variable was obtained from Espacenet; b) Scientific articles obtained from the Web of Science (WOS) database; c) The data on the variables (Innovation Index) were obtained by accessing the countryeconomy.com website; d) The variables (Manufactured Value Added, R&D, High Technology Exports) obtained from The World Bank DATA database. The data collection of the variables began in January/2021 and ended on March 22, 2021. To identify the correlation of these variables, Spearman\u27s correlation coefficient was used, and for a better interpretation of the data and answers, the research hypotheses were analyzed from the scatter plot using the logarithmic transformation of the patent variable. The results and discussion showed a weak correlation ρ = 0.3038 between scientific production (articles) x patent filing aimed at the production of functional foods; positive correlation and a moderate degree (ρ = 0.6413) regarding investments in research and development x patent filing and a positive and weak correlation (ρ = 0.2903) regarding the innovation index x quantitative patents. In the final considerations, it is essential that governments provide the right and necessary incentives to foster the development and dissemination of ideas by the private sector whose objective is to promote a political, economic and institutional environment that encourages companies to invest in science, technology, R&D, intellectual property and innovation

Epidemiology and Clinical Forms of Primary Hyperparathyroidism: A Review

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a disease caused by overactive parathyroid glands with consequent hypercalcemia. However, its presentation is variable, with patients demonstrating a range from normocalcemia to severe hypercalcemic PHPT. The present study aims to perform a literature review on the epidemiology and the clinical forms of PHPT using information published in the PubMed and Cochrane databases. It describes data about prevalence, etiology, diagnosis, classic and non-classic manifestations, providing updated information on classical hypercalcemic hyperthyroidism, in addition to its normocalcemic variant

Preemptive use of intravenous ibuprofen to reduce postoperative pain after lower third molar surgery: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials

This study aimed to systematically review the literature to assess the effect of preemptive intravenous ibuprofen on pain reduction after lower third molar surgery. Nine databases (PubMed, Scopus, LILACS, SciELO, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane, Open Gray, and Open Thesis) were used as sources of research, including “grey literature.” The protocol was registered in PROSPERO. Only randomized clinical trials evaluating the effects of preemptive intravenous ibuprofen on pain during and immediately after the extraction of lower third molars were included, without restrictions of year and language. Two reviewers independently performed the study selection, data extraction, and assessment of the risk of bias. The “Joanna Briggs Institute for Randomized Controlled Trials” tool was used to assess the risk of bias. Each study was categorized according to the percentage of positive responses to the questions corresponding to the assessment instrument. The results were measured narratively/descriptively. The initial search resulted in 3,257 records, of which only three studies (n=150 participants) met the eligibility criteria and were included in the qualitative analysis. All studies were published in 2019. The risk of bias ranged from low to moderate. Two studies found significant pain reduction within 48 h after the procedure. In conclusion, the use of preemptive intravenous ibuprofen for extracting third molars reduces pain and analgesic consumption after the surgical procedure

Análise da qualidade da obturação em tratamentos endodônticos realizados por alunos da graduação.

This study aimed to evaluate the quality of endodontic fillings performed by undergraduate students of the Dentistry School at the University of Tiradentes. Endodontic treatments in permanent teeth performed by undergraduate students from the 6th to 9th grade were collected between February 2017 and December 2017. A total of 109 radiographs were analyzed, of which the majority (51.3%) were unirradicular teeth, obturated with Apical Limit of root canal Obturation (LAO) coincident with the apical foramen (level = 0, 48.6%). It was also verified that 52.2% of the cases were diagnosed as irreversible pulpitis, 11% with pulp necrosis and 9.1% represented endodontic retreatment cases. Additionally, it was observed that the number of sessions to conclude endodontic treatment ranged from 1 to 6, and only 8.2% of the cases were concluded in a single session. Regarding the quality of obturation, 77.9% could be considered satisfactory and only 2.7% of the cases presented overfilling of material. The results suggest a high number of satisfactory root canal fillings in treatments performed by undergraduate students without manifestation of symptomatology or development of periapical radiolucency in patients that presented overfilling of obturation material.Este trabalho objetivou avaliar a qualidade das obturações endodônticas realizadas por alunos da graduação do curso de Odontologia da Universidade Tiradentes. Foram levantados os tratamentos endodônticos em dentes permanentes executados entre fevereiro de 2017 a dezembro de 2017 realizados por alunos do 6º ao 9º período de graduação. Um total de 109 radiografias foram analisadas, das quais a maioria (51,3%) eram dentes unirradiculares, obturados com Limite Apical de Obturação (LAO) coincidente com o forame apical (nível=0, 48,6%). Verificou-se ainda que 52,2% dos casos foram diagnosticados como pulpite irreversível, 11% com necrose pulpar e 9,1% representavam casos de retratamento endodôntico. Adicionalmente, observou-se que o número de sessões para a finalização do tratamento variou de 1 a 6 sessões, e apenas 8,2% dos casos foram concluídos em sessão única. Com relação à qualidade das obturações, 77,9% puderam ser consideradas satisfatórias e apenas 2,7% dos casos apresentavam extravasamento. Os resultados sugerem um índice elevado de obturações satisfatórias em tratamentos realizados por alunos de graduação sem manifestação de sintomatologia nem desenvolvimento de radioluscência periapical nos pacientes que apresentavam extravasamento

Densidade e flutuação dos objetos: práticas e movimentos epistêmicos em uma sala de aula de ciências

Este trabalho apresenta uma análise e caracterização das práticas epistêmicas desenvolvidas por um grupo de estudantes do ensino fundamental do Colégio de Aplicação da UFS e suas relações com as ações da professora ao longo de uma atividade investigativa. As ações da professora, denominadas de movimentos epistêmicos, foram analisadas por meio de algumas categorias propostas por Mortimer et al (2007) e por categorias construídas ao longo da análise, as quais foram inspiradas naquelas propostas por Lidar, Lundquivist e Östman (2005). As práticas epistêmicas foram analisadas considerando-se, principalmente, algumas categorias da ferramenta analítica proposta por Jimènez-Aleixandre e Bustamante (2007). Os resultados alcançados apontam para as contribuições das intervenções da professora no trabalho do grupo de estudantes, favorecendo o desenvolvimento de determinadas práticas epistêmicas e a evolução conceitual

Physico-chemical characterization of asolectin–genistein liposomal system: An approach to analyze its in vitro antioxidant potential and effect in glioma cells viability

AbstractIn this study, the interaction between soy isoflavone genistein and asolectin liposomes was investigated by monitoring the effects of isoflavone on lipidic hydration, mobility, location and order. These properties were analyzed by the following techniques: horizontal attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (HATR-FTIR), low-field 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), high-field 31P NMR, zeta potential, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and UV–vis spectroscopy. The antioxidant and antitumoral activities of the genistein liposomal system were also studied. The genistein saturation concentration in ASO liposomes corresponded to 484μM. HATR–FTIR results indicated that genistein influences the dynamics of the lipidic phosphate, choline, carbonyl and acyl chain methylenes groups. At the lipid polar head, HATR–FTIR and 31P NMR results showed that the isoflavone reduces the hydration degree of the phosphate group, as well as its mobility. Genistein ordered the lipid interfacial carbonyl group, as evidenced by the HATR–FTIR bandwidth analysis. This ordering effect was also observed in the lipidic hydrophobic region, by HATR–FTIR, NMR, DSC and turbidity responses. At the saturation concentration, liposome-loaded genistein inhibits the lipid peroxidation induced by hydroxyl radical in 90.9%. ASO liposome-loaded genistein at 100μM decreased C6 glioma cell viability by 57% after 72h of treatment. Results showed an increase of the genistein in vitro activities after its incorporation in liposomes. The data described in this work will contribute to a better understanding of the interaction between genistein and a natural-source membrane and of its influence on isoflavone biological activities. Furthermore, the antitumoral results showed that genistein-based liposomes, which contain natural-sourced lipids, may be promising as a drug delivery system to be used in the glioma therapy

COVID-19: ANÁLISE DE CASOS CONFIRMADOS EM TERESINA, PIAUI, BRASIL

Introduction: Coronavirus are microorganisms responsible for causing respiratory infections that can vary from asymptomatic to severe. The spread of the virus around the world has led to a pandemic position, which has claimed numerous victims. Given the magnitude of the problem, the study aims to analyze the epidemiological profile of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Teresina-PI. Design: Descriptive and epidemiological study. The study population consisted of 315 confirmed cases of Covid-19, in individuals residing in the city of Teresina-PI, between March and April 2020. The variables evaluated were: age group, sex, deaths confirmed by Covid- 19 and confirmed cases of Covid-19 by area of ​​the city. Results: There was a predominance of confirmed cases of Covid-19 in young, female individuals living in an urban area of ​​Teresina. Most deaths occurred in the elderly, being more prevalent in males. Implications: The epidemiological monitoring of cases strengthens the need to implement preventive measures, such as social containment. In addition, the expansion of testing in the population is important in order to identify asymptomatic cases and, consequently, to prevent the spread of the coronavirus, considering that these cases favor the transmission chain.Introdução: Os coronavírus são microrganismos responsáveis por causar infecções respiratória que podem variar de quadros assintomáticos a graves. A disseminação do vírus pelo o mundo conduziu para uma posição de pandemia, a qual tem somado inúmeras vítimas. Mediante a magnitude da problemática, o estudo tem como objetivo analisar o perfil epidemiológico dos casos confirmados de COVID-19 em Teresina-PI. Delineamento: Estudo descritivo e epidemiológico. A população do estudo foi composta por 315 casos confirmados de Covid-19, em indivíduos residentes na cidade de Teresina-PI, no período entre de março e abril de 2020. As variáveis avaliadas foram: faixa etária, sexo, óbitos confirmados por Covid-19 e casos confirmados de Covid-19 por área da cidade. Resultados: Observou-se a predominância de casos confirmados de Covid-19 em indivíduos jovens, do sexo feminino e que residem em área urbana de Teresina. A maioria dos óbitos ocorreu em idosos, sendo mais predominantes em indivíduos do sexo masculino. Implicações: O monitoramento epidemiológico dos casos fortalece a necessidade da implementação de medidas preventivas, como a contenção social. Somado a isso, a ampliação da testagem na população é importante, a fim de identificar casos assintomáticos e, consequentemente, evitar a disseminação do coronavírus, tendo em vista que esses casos favorecem a cadeia de transmissão