Integrating Remote Sensing Data into Fuzzy Control System for Variable Rate Irrigation Estimates

Variable rate irrigation (VRI) is the capacity to vary the depth of water application in a field spatially. Developing precise management zones is necessary to efficient variable rate irrigation technologies. Intelligent fuzzy inference system based on precision irrigation knowledge, i.e., a system capable of creating prescriptive maps to control the rotation speed of the central pivot. Based on the VRI-prescribed map created by the intelligent system of decision-making, the pivot can increase or decrease its speed, reaching the desired depth of application in a certain irrigation zone. Therefore, this strategy of speed control is more realistic compared to traditional methods. Results indicate that data from the edaphoclimatic variables, when well fitted to the fuzzy logic, can solve uncertainties and non-linearities of an irrigation system and establish a control model for high-precision irrigation. Because remote sensing provides quick measurements and easy access to crop information for large irrigation areas, images will be used as inputs. The developed fuzzy system for pivot control is original and innovative. Furthermore, the artificial intelligent systems can be applied widely in agricultural areas, so the results were favorable to the continuity of studies on precision irrigation and application of the fuzzy logic in precision agriculture

Fuzzy control system for variable rate irrigation using remote sensing

Variable rate irrigation (VRI) is the capacity to spatially vary the depth of water application in a field to handle different types of soils, crops, and other conditions. Precise management zones must be developed to efficiently apply variable rate technologies. However, there is no universal method to determine management zones. Using speed control maps for the central pivot is one option. Thus, this study aims to develop an intelligent fuzzy inference system based on precision irrigation knowledge, i.e., a system that can create prescriptive maps to control the rotation speed of the central pivot. Satellite images are used in this study because remote sensing offers quick measurements and easy access to information on crops for large irrigation areas. Based on the VRI-prescribed map created using the intelligent decisionmaking system, the pivot can increase or decrease its speed, reaching the desired depth of application in a certain irrigation zone. Therefore, considering the spatial variability in the crop has made the strategy of speed control more realistic than traditional methods for crop management. The intelligent irrigation system pointed out areas with lower leaf development, indicating that the pivot must reduce its speed, thus increasing the water layer applied to that area. The existence of well-divided zones could be observed; each zone provides a specific value for the speed that the pivot must develop for decreasing or increasing the application of the water layer to the crop area. Three quarters of the total crop area had spatial variations during water application. The set point built by the developed system pointed out zones with a decreased speed in the order of 50%. From the viewpoint of a traditional control, the relay from pivot percent timer should have been adjusted from 70% to 35% whenever the central pivot passed over that specific area. The proposed system obtained values of 37% and 47% to adjust the pivot percent timer. Therefore, it is possible to affirm that traditional control models used for central-pivot irrigators do not support the necessary precision to meet the demands of speed control determined by the developed VRI systems. Results indicate that data from the edaphoclimatic variables when well-fitted to the fuzzy logic can solve uncertainties and non-linearities of an irrigation system and establish a control model for high-precision irrigation

“COMO NÃO ADIANTAR O FIM DO MUNDO”: EDUCAÇÃO EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA

O projeto integrador Como não adiantar o fim do mundo propôs ações interdisciplinares durante a implementação do Regime de Exercício Domiciliar no IFMT, Campus Primavera do Leste (PDL), em resposta à crise provocada pela Pandemia da Covid-19 no ano de 2020. Para tanto, os docentes de distintas disciplinas presentes no currículo dos cursos de Ensino Médio Integrado ao Técnico propuseram como temática o estudo das relações homem-natureza com intenção de possibilitar o diálogo sobre a importância do conhecimento científico de todas as áreas do conhecimento para prolongar a vida humana em nosso planeta através  da compreensão da complexidade das representações do ser humano como indivíduo, ser social e ser natural; da finitude dos recursos naturais e da importância do desenvolvimento científico na resolução de problemas de forma ética. Este relato de experiência tem como objetivo refletir sobre a práxis, bem como os limites sucessos do projeto, comparando-os com a análise das respostas dos alunos sobre a satisfação quanto à participação do projeto e suas impressões finais, coletadas através de um formulário composto por duas questões em escala Likert e um campo para comentários. Considera-se que apesar dos limites impostos pelo ensino remoto, o projeto teve avaliação majoritariamente positiva entre os estudantes nas questões de escala de avaliação. Nos comentários foi possível documentar as principais dificuldades e mapear parte das avaliações negativas. Como resultado parcial, observou-se que os principais desafios estiveram ligados às representações tradicionais de ensino, avaliação e conteúdo, ao gerenciamento do tempo e a falta de experiência dos estudantes com as metodologias interdisciplinares.   &nbsp

Influência das conexões dos transformadores de potência na propagação dos afundamentos de tensão pelo sistema elétrico

The purpose of this work is to analyze the influence of all types of connections transformers on the propagation of voltage sags on electrical system. For analyzes the phenomenon, it was modeled on the ATP - Alternative Transient Program - a standard IEEE 14-bus system and a sags generator, which is able to generate any kind of voltage sag with any variations of the magnitude and phase angle. The influence of transformers winding connection in the propagation of voltage sags can be observed when the disturbance contains zero-sequence components and the winding connection block the flow of this sequence. In some voltage sags, the quantities of zero sequence components are not involved because the origin of the short circuits does not involve the ground. In these cases, the influence can be expected in consequence of phase shift introduced by some transformers. Finally, the influence can also occur due to the combination of these two types of transformers respectively Voltage sags propagation through the most differentiated kinds of transformers connections result in sags with very different characteristics from those that originated them.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorMestre em CiênciasEste trabalho propõe verificar a influência dos tipos de conexões dos transformadores na propagação dos afundamentos de tensão em um sistema elétrico. Com o intuito de se analisar o fenômeno, foi modelado no ATP - Alternative Transient Program, através de formulações matemáticas baseando-se nas teorias de circuitos trifásicos equilibrados e desequilibrados um sistema elétrico e uma fonte geradora de afundamentos de tensão, com a qual é possível gerar qualquer tipo de afundamento através das variações da magnitude e ângulo de fase. A influência das conexões dos enrolamentos dos transformadores na propagação dos afundamentos de tensão pode ser observada quando os afundamentos contêm componentes de sequência zero e as conexões do transformador bloqueiam o fluxo da referida seqüência. Em alguns afundamentos de tensão, as componentes de seqüência zero não são envolvidas, e nesses casos, a influência pode ser observada em consequência dos transformadores que introduzem defasamento angular. Finalmente, a influência pode ocorrer também devido a combinação desses dois tipos de transformadores respectivamente. Assim, a propagação dos afundamentos de tensão através dos mais diferenciados tipos de conexões dos transformadores resultam em afundamentos com características completamente diferentes daqueles que os originaram

Fuzzy control system for variable rate irrigation using remote sensing

Variable rate irrigation (VRI) is the capacity to spatially vary the depth of water application in a field to handle different types of soils, crops, and other conditions. Precise management zones must be developed to efficiently apply variable rate technologies. However, there is no universal method to determine management zones. Using speed control maps for the central pivot is one option. Thus, this study aims to develop an intelligent fuzzy inference system based on precision irrigation knowledge, i.e., a system that can create prescriptive maps to control the rotation speed of the central pivot. Satellite images are used in this study because remote sensing offers quick measurements and easy access to information on crops for large irrigation areas. Based on the VRI-prescribed map created using the intelligent decisionmaking system, the pivot can increase or decrease its speed, reaching the desired depth of application in a certain irrigation zone. Therefore, considering the spatial variability in the crop has made the strategy of speed control more realistic than traditional methods for crop management. The intelligent irrigation system pointed out areas with lower leaf development, indicating that the pivot must reduce its speed, thus increasing the water layer applied to that area. The existence of well-divided zones could be observed; each zone provides a specific value for the speed that the pivot must develop for decreasing or increasing the application of the water layer to the crop area. Three quarters of the total crop area had spatial variations during water application. The set point built by the developed system pointed out zones with a decreased speed in the order of 50%. From the viewpoint of a traditional control, the relay from pivot percent timer should have been adjusted from 70% to 35% whenever the central pivot passed over that specific area. The proposed system obtained values of 37% and 47% to adjust the pivot percent timer. Therefore, it is possible to affirm that traditional control models used for central-pivot irrigators do not support the necessary precision to meet the demands of speed control determined by the developed VRI systems. Results indicate that data from the edaphoclimatic variables when well-fitted to the fuzzy logic can solve uncertainties and non-linearities of an irrigation system and establish a control model for high-precision irrigation

Resumos concluídos - Saúde Coletiva

Resumos concluídos - Saúde Coletiv