Aspectos morfológicos de frutos, sementes, germinação e plântulas de duas espécies florestais da Amazônia. I. Dinizia excelsa Ducke (angelim-pedra). II Cedrelinga catenaeformis Ducke (cedrorana) - Leguminosae: Mimosoideae

The two timber species in this study are native to the Amazonian non-flooded forest. Although they are of great economic interest there is little information regarding the morphological aspects of their seed germination. The present study addresses the morphological characteristics of fruits, seeds and seedlings of Cedrelinga catenaeformis Ducke and Dinizia excelsa Ducke. Furthermore, it reports on their type of germination showing aspects of the morphology at various stages of the plant's development, from radicle protrusion to normal seedling, development with the emergence of the first foliage leaves. The studies on both species were carried out in the seed laboratory at INPA/CPST. Germination tests were performed at 25°C, in 30x20x5cm plastic trays with 50 seeds of each species using vermiculite as substrate. The data obtained in the present study aim to facilitate the recognition of these species in the field, contributing to the morphological aspects of seeds, germination and seedlings

Fruit, seed and seedling morphology of nine species of Protium Burm.f. (Burseraceae) from Central Amazonia, Brazil

We describe the morphology of nine species of Protium, ranging from germination to seedling formation, and characterize gross morphology of fruits and seeds in order to assess the usefulness of these characters for systematics of the group. Fruits were collected in the Adolpho Ducke Forest Reserve in December/2004, April/2005 and January/2006. The fruits are dehiscent and usually 1-3 locules develop. The pyrenes are ovoid to ellipsoid, and the surface is differentiated around the funicle scar. Most species had hypogeal, cryptocotylar germination, but P. gallosum and P. apiculatum had epigeal, fanerocotylar germination. The most relevant morphological characters for distinguishing these species are color, shape and surface of the fruit and pyrene, and form and texture of the eophylls. Furthermore, the series of characters based on composition, margin and apex of the eophylls, type of germination, and cotyledon morphology helped to distinguish the species and will serve to support future phylogenetic studies.O presente estudo teve como objetivo descrever para nove espécies de Protium, a morfologia desde a germinação até a formação de plântulas, além de caracterizar frutos e sementes e avaliar a utilidade destes caracteres na sistemática do grupo. Os frutos foram coletados na Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke em dezembro/2004, abril/2005 e janeiro/2006. Os frutos são deiscentes, normalmente com 1-3 lóculos desenvolvidos. Os pirênios são ovóides a elipsóides, com a superfície diferenciada em torno da cicatriz funicular. A maioria das espécies apresentou germinação hipógea e criptocotiledonar, enquanto P. gallosum e P. apiculatum são epígeas e fanerocotiledonares. Os caracteres morfológicos mais relevantes para a delimitação das espécies de Protium foram encontrados, principalmente, na coloração, forma e superfície do fruto e pirênio, e na forma e textura dos eofilos. Além disso, o conjunto de caracteres com base na composição, margem e ápice dos eofilos, tipo de germinação e morfologia dos cotilédones não só auxiliou nas delimitações específicas, como pode subsidiar futuros estudos filogenéticos

Influência da temperatura e da água sobre a germinação de sementes de Paricá (Schizolobium amazonicum Huber ex Ducke - Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae)

Paricá (Schizolobium amazonicum Huber ex Ducke) is a tree species of the Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae botanical family. This species has been used in rehabilitation programs for of degraded areas and it has good acceptance at local timber markets as well. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different water contents in the substrate and temperatures on germination of S. amazonicum. Seeds were immersed in sulfuric acid for 50 minutes in order to break the impermeability of the seed-coat. After this, they were seeded over Germitest paper rolls wetted with water contents (mL.g -1 paper) equivalent to 1.5, 2, 2.5 and 3 times the substrate mass without new water addition, and they were maintained in chambers at constant temperatures of 25, 30 and 35°C. In addition to the germination percentage, the speed of germination index and length of primary roots and hypocotyl of normal seedlings were also evaluated. A completely randomized design was used with a 4x3 factorial. The best germination performance was observed at temperatures of 25, 30 and 35°C combining with water contents of 2.5 and 3 times the paper mass. The germination speed was favored by temperatures of 30 and 35°C as well as by the largest water content, which corresponded to 3 times the paper mass. The best results related to root and hypocotyl development were observed in treatments involving water content 3 times the paper mass at a temperature of 25°C

Umedecimento do substrato e temperatura na germinação de sementes de Angelim-pedra (Dinizia excelsa Ducke)

A água e a temperatura estão entre os fatores essenciais para desencadear a germinação. Assim, o substrato deve estar suficientemente úmido, a fim de suprir as sementes da quantidade de água necessária para sua germinação e desenvolvimento. Por outro lado, a temperatura deve ser adequada para desencadear todas as atividades metabólicas envolvidas no processo. O presente trabalho foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar a influência de diferentes volumes de água no substrato e temperaturas na germinação das sementes de angelim-pedra (Dinizia excelsa Ducke). Antes da instalação dos testes de germinação, as sementes foram imersas em ácido sulfúrico por 20 minutos, para superação da dormência. As sementes foram colocadas para germinar em rolos de papel germitest, umedecidos com volumes (mL) de água equivalentes a 1,5; 2,0; 2,5 e 3,0 vezes o peso do substrato sem adição posterior de água, com três folhas por rolo. Os rolos foram acondicionados em sacos de plástico e colocados em câmaras nas temperaturas constantes de 25, 30 e 35ºC. Além da porcentagem de germinação, foram avaliados o índice de velocidade de germinação e os comprimentos da raiz primária e do hipocótilo. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 4 x 3, sendo empregadas 150 sementes (três repetições de 50 sementes) para cada tratamento. As combinações de volume de água no substrato e temperatura de exposição que proporcionam maiores comprimentos da raiz primária são de 1,5 e 2,0 vezes o peso do papel a 25ºC; 1,5 vezes a 30ºC e 3,0 vezes a 35ºC. Quanto ao comprimento do hipocótilo, as temperaturas mais altas (30 e 35ºC) e os volumes de água acima de 2,0 vezes o peso do papel apresentam melhores resultados. Estes dados indicam que o volume de água influencia de maneira diferente, tanto o desenvolvimento da raiz primária como do hipocótilo e a temperatura influencia o desenvolvimento do hipocótilo para os maiores volumes de água no substrato

IV Brazilian Guidelines for autoantibodies on HEp-2 cells

Objective: the Fourth Brazilian Consensus for Autoantibodies Screening in HEp-2 Cells (ANA) was held in Vitoria, Espirito Santo, and aimed to discuss strategies and recommendations about the technique, standardization, interpretation and quality control of the indirect immunofluorescence reaction on HEp-2 cells.Methods: Twenty three ANA experts from university centers and private laboratories in different areas from Brazil discussed and agreed upon recommendations for the fourth edition of the Brazilian Consensus for Autoantibodies Screening in HEp-2 Cells.Results and conclusion: the 4th ANA Consensus included three novel patterns into the existing algorithm (cytoplasmic Rods and Rings, nuclear Quasi-homogeneous, and CENP-F). Emphasis was given to the need of attention in describing the peculiar mixed pattern elicited by anti-DNA topoisomerase I (Scl-70) autoantibodies, comprising nuclear fine specked, nucleolar homogeneous pattern, NOR staining in metaphase plates, and cytoplasmic fine speckled patterns. the group also emphasized the need for continuous quality control in indirect immunofluorescence assays, the establishment of screening dilutions, as well as conjugate titration. An alert was made regarding the heterogeneity of commercial kits in defining patterns and the use of solid phase methodologies to determine the presence of autoantibodies. (C) 2014 Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.Objetivo: O IV Consenso Brasileiro para Pesquisa de Autoanticorpos em Células HEp-2 (FAN) realizado em Vitória (ES), no dia 18 de setembro de 2012, objetivou discutir estratégias e recomendações relacionadas ao procedimento técnico, à padronização e à interpretação dos resultados da pesquisa de autoanticorpos em células HEp-2. Métodos: Participaram do evento 23 pesquisadores e especialistas de Universidades e laboratórios brasileiros. Foram abordados diferentes tópicos, discutidos amplamente a fim de se estabelecer recomendações específicas. Resultados e conclusão: O IV Consenso integrou à árvore de decisão o padrão citoplasmático em Anéis e Bastões, o padrão nuclear pontilhado Quasi-homogêneo (QH) e o padrão misto CENP-F. Discutiu-se ainda a necessidade de atenção para a classificação do padrão misto relacionado à presença de anticorpos anti-DNA topoisomerase I (Scl-70), compreendendo os componentes nuclear pontilhado fino, nucleolar homogêneo, NOR na placa metafásica e citoplasmático pontilhado fino. Foram sugeridas diretrizes para o controle de qualidade do teste, diluição de triagem e diluição de esgotamento, e foi emitido alerta quanto à necessidade de atenção em relação à heterogeneidade de substratos disponíveis no mercado e a utilização de metodologias automatizadas para detecção de autoanticorpos.Albert Einstein Medicina DiagnosticaAlka TecnologiaAmaral Costa LaboratorioConselho Federal de BiomedicinaDASAEuroimmun BrasilGrupo FleuryHemagenMedivaxOlimpusPadrao Laboratorio ClinicPontificia Universidade Catolica de Goias - PUC-GoiasSociedade Brasileira de Patologia Clinica e Medicina LaboratorialSociedade Brasileira de ReumatologiaThermo ScientificWama DiagnosticaWerfen Group - Werfen MedicalHermes PardiniConselho Regional de Biomedicina - 3a RegiaoPUC Goias, Goiania, Go, BrazilFleury Med & Saude, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo UNIFESP, Discipline Rheumatol, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Uberlandia, Hosp Clin, Serv Rheumatol, BR-38400 Uberlandia, MG, BrazilClin Doencas Reumat Porto Alegre, Ctr Diagnost Med & Rheuma, Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilAmaral Costa Med Diagnost, Belem, PA, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Fac Med, Hosp Clin, Lab Invest Med, São Paulo, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Fac Med, Hosp Clin, Lab Cent, São Paulo, BrazilHosp Israelita Albert Einstein, Dept Clin Pathol, São Paulo, BrazilInst Hermes Pardini, Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Fac Med, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Minas Gerais, Fac Med, Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilUniv Catolica Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, BrazilUniv Fed Goias, Fac Med, Goiania, Go, BrazilUniv Sul Santa Catarina UNISUL, Florianopolis, SC, BrazilUniv Vale do Itajai UNIVALE, Florianopolis, SC, BrazilUniv Fed Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, BrazilEBMSP, Salvador, BA, BrazilGrp DASA, São Paulo, BrazilEscola Super Ciencias Saude Dist Fed, Brasilia, DF, BrazilLab Sabin, Brasilia, DF, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo UNIFESP, Discipline Rheumatol, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Health-related quality of life in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus in the different geographical regions of Brazil : data from the Brazilian Type 1 Diabetes Study Group

Background: In type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) management, enhancing health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is as important as good metabolic control and prevention of secondary complications. This study aims to evaluate possible regional differences in HRQoL, demographic features and clinical characteristics of patients with T1DM in Brazil, a country of continental proportions, as well as investigate which variables could influence the HRQoL of these individuals and contribute to these regional disparities. Methods: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional, multicenter study performed by the Brazilian Type 1 Diabetes Study Group (BrazDiab1SG), by analyzing EuroQol scores from 3005 participants with T1DM, in 28 public clinics, among all geographical regions of Brazil. Data on demography, economic status, chronic complications, glycemic control and lipid profile were also collected. Results: We have found that the North-Northeast region presents a higher index in the assessment of the overall health status (EQ-VAS) compared to the Southeast (74.6 ± 30 and 70.4 ± 19, respectively; p < 0.05). In addition, North- Northeast presented a lower frequency of self-reported anxiety-depression compared to all regions of the country (North-Northeast: 1.53 ± 0.6; Southeast: 1.65 ± 0.7; South: 1.72 ± 0.7; Midwest: 1.67 ± 0.7; p < 0.05). These findings could not be entirely explained by the HbA1c levels or the other variables examined. Conclusions: Our study points to the existence of additional factors not yet evaluated that could be determinant in the HRQoL of people with T1DM and contribute to these regional disparities