THE EFFECTS OF NUTRITIONALLY‐MODULATED PREPARTUM BCS ON PRE‐ AND POSTPARTUM METABOLIC RESPONSES, \u3cem\u3eIN VITRO\u3c/em\u3e LIPID METABOLISM AND PERFORMANCE OF MULTIPAROUS BEEF COWS

Increased BCS at calving due to nutritional manipulation during the prepartum period resulted in greater mobilization of body fat after calving, regardless of plane of nutrition during the last 60 d of gestation. Although fatter cows were shown to have greater mobilization of reserves during the postpartum period, they maintained greater BCS at all points from calving to weaning compared to cows calving with fewer reserves at calving. A unique finding of this experiment was that the variation in BCS at calving was positively associated with BCS loss for cows fed to accrete BC during the prepartum period but was not associated with BCS loss for cows fed at maintenance levels during gestation. This finding suggests a threshold response in which BCS loss postpartum is only related to BCS at calving of 6.5 or greater. Progeny of fatter cows were heavier at d 40 and 84, but no treatment differences existed at weaning. The relationship between BCS at calving and calf BW at d 40 differed by treatment. This suggests a threshold response in which calf BW is positively related to increases in BCS up to 5.75. At BCS ≥ 5.75 calf weights were greater than at lower BCS levels but were unrelated to incremental changes in BCS. Altering dietary energy level during mid and late gestation altered the net lipolytic rate of beef cows and altered the timing of changes in tissue sensitivity and total lipolysis. Basal release of NEFA did not change for cows on a maintenance diet, but increased significantly for fatter cows prior to calving, whereas basal glycerol was unaffected by treatment. The stimulated release of glycerol was also unaffected by treatment, but increased across all periods. The ratio of stimulated glycerol and NEFA release to basal release of glycerol and NEFA indicate that the AT of HI cows has a delayed response to the increase in sensitivity to lipolytic stimulants that is associated with homeorhetic adaptations; however, at 7 d after calving, no differences were observed for net or total lipolytic capacity of the tissue. Providing mature beef cows ad libitum access to a high‐energy diet alters pre‐calving sensitivity of AT, but after calving and when animals are receiving a common diet, no differences in lipolysis were observed. Thus, BCS (4.91 to 6.56), as manipulated by diet, does not appear to impair lipolytic function and regulation in beef cows as observed in dairy cows

Brooding, Avoidance, and Suppression as Mechanisms Linking Shame-Proneness with Depressive Symptoms

Depression is a significant mental health concern. Cognitive-affective models of depression identify that negative emotions and cognitive strategies for responding to negative emotions contribute to the development and maintenance of depressive symptoms. Shame has been identified as a problematic negative emotion and is associated with multiple mental health concerns including depression. Research has begun to examine cognitive emotion regulation strategies individuals use when experiencing shame and how these contribute to depressive symptoms. This study examined three strategies jointly (avoidance, brooding, and suppression) in a three-part prospective design. In a sample of 137 young adults, three hypotheses were tested. Participants ranged from 18 to 29-years-old (M = 19.29, SD = 1.56), 83.2% of the participants were female, and 74.5% were Caucasian. In cross-sectional analyses, shame-proneness predicted depressive symptoms (B = .029, 95% CI = .010 to .048, p = .003) and brooding mediated this relationship as hypothesized (B = .010, 95% CI = .003 to .019, p = .005). In prospective analyses shame-proneness marginally predicted depressive symptoms (B = .016, 95% CI = -.002 to .033, p = .074) and only suppression mediated the relationship when controlling for guilt-proneness (B = .012, 95% CI = .004 to .024, p = .002). Post hoc analyses of each mediator examined separately supported avoidance (B = .018, Z = 3.251, p = .001), brooding (B = .020, Z = 3.501, p = .001), and suppression (B = .022, Z = 3.602, p \u3c .001) as cognitive strategies in the relationship between shame-proneness and depressive symptoms prospectively. State shame was predicted to mediate the relationship between shame-proneness and state brooding, avoidance, and suppression. The shame induction did induce a significant change in shame [t (114) = -2.814, p = .006] but a small effect (r = .25). Therefore, hypothesis 3 was not supported. However, shame-proneness did predict use of avoidance (B = .003, p = .048) and brooding in the moment (B = .003, p = .071). These findings suggest that shame-proneness and avoidance, brooding, and suppression are significant factors to consider in treating depression. Future directions of research and clinical implications are discussed

Effect of Time of Weaning on Performance of Young and Mature Beef Cows and Their Calves in a Fall Calving System

Time of weaning influenced cow body weight and body condition score. At the beginning of the calving season, NW cows were heavier and had greater fat reserves than LW cows. Postpartum BW and BCS loss was significantly greater for NW cows, resulting in similar BW and BCS at the beginning of the breeding season and until April. Progeny of NW cows were 2.3 kg heavier at birth and grew faster prior to weaning, resulting in increased weights (+ 10 kg) at the time of normal weaning. When considering all calves weaned on the trial, late weaning increased calf weights in July, regardless if NW calves were retained during the summer. These findings indicate that producers may benefit from matching weaning date to cow age class. It appears more advantageous to delay weaning of calves born to dams 4 yr or older, while maintaining normal weaning for dams 3 yr or younger at time of calving. Late- weaning had no detrimental effects for mature cows indicating this practice appears to be a viable alternative weaning options.Department of Animal Scienc

An examination of shared leadership configurations and their effectiveness in teams

A key challenge in the shared leadership literature has been a limited understanding of how multiple leadership activities are shared across team members and roles. We address this issue by conceptualizing and operationalizing shared leadership using both its content (i.e., what leadership roles are shared) and distribution (i.e., how leadership is shared across members and roles). In an exploratory study comprised of 129 work teams, we use latent profile analysis (LPA) to identify multiple shared leadership configurations that vary in the extent of sharing. Our second study of 103 MBA teams supports these findings and further (a) considers what shared leadership configurations have the greatest influence on team effectiveness, (b) examines the mediating role of teamwork processes, and (c) investigates the moderating role of temporal dispersion. We advance current research by demonstrating that shared leadership typically manifests in collective (i.e., members share all leadership roles) and distributed configurations (i.e., members hold one leadership role while other members hold other leadership roles), which has implications for team processes and effectiveness. Specifically, we show that collective configurations have higher team effectiveness (compared to distributed configurations) owing to improved teamwork processes and observe that these effects are more pronounced when temporal dispersion is high

Enhancing Museum Narratives: Tales of Things and UCL’s Grant Museum

Emergent mobile technologies offer museum professionals new ways of engaging visitors with their collections. Museums are powerful learning environments and mobile technology can enable visitors to experience the narratives in museum objects and galleries and integrate them with their own personal reflections and interpretations. UCL‟s QRator project is exploring how handheld mobile devices and interactive digital labels can create new models for public engagement, personal meaning making and the construction of narrative opportunities inside museum spaces. The use of narrative in museums has long been recognised as a powerful communication technique to engage visitors and to explore the different kinds of learning and participation that result. Many museums make extensive use of narrative, or storytelling, as a learning, interpretive, and meaning making tool. This chapter discusses the potential for mobile technologies to connect museums to audiences through co-creation of narratives, taking the QRator project as a case study. The QRator project aims to stress the necessity of engaging visitors actively in the creation of their own interpretations of museum collections through the integration of QR codes, iPhone, iPad, and Android apps into UCL‟s Grant Museum of Zoology. Although this chapter will concentrate on mobile technology created for a natural history museum, issues of meaning making and narrative creation through mobile technology are applicable to any discipline. In the first instance, the concern is with the development of mobile media in museums followed by a discussion of the QRator project which stresses the opportunities and challenges in utilizing mobile technology to enhance visitor meaning making and narrative construction. Finally, this chapter discusses the extent to which mobile technologies might be used purposefully to transform institutional cultures, practices and relationships with visitors

EFFECTS OF A PEER-DELIVERED SYSTEM OF LEAST PROMPTS INTERVENTION PACKAGE AND ACADEMIC READ-ALOUDS ON LISTENING COMPREHENSION FOR STUDENTS WITH MODERATE INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY

Comprehension of text is a strong focus of instruction in general education. Likewise, comprehension of text should be a strong focus of instruction for students with moderate intellectual disability even though they may not be independent readers. Shared story reading is a practice used to access grade-level literature for non-readers. This study used a multiple probe single case design to evaluate the effects of a peer-delivered system of least prompts intervention package and grade-level adapted academic read-alouds on listening comprehension for three participants with moderate intellectual disability. Fifth grade peer tutors delivered the intervention during second literacy block. The intervention included read-alouds of an adapted version of The Watsons Go to Birmingham - 1963 (Curtis, 1995), a novel currently read by fifth graders without disabilities in the district. The system of least prompts intervention package included rules for answering wh- word questions, opportunities to hear selected text again, and self-monitoring. Participants with disabilities directed the amount of help they received from peer tutors. Results indicated that (a) all participants improved the number of correct listening comprehension responses after text only prompts, (b) the effect of the intervention package on independent unprompted correct listening comprehension responses was mixed, and (c) stakeholders rated the study's procedures, outcomes, and goals as important

What collaborative housing offers in a pandemic:: Evidence from 18 communities in England and Wales

This Housing LIN Viewpoint (no 104) by Jim Hudson at the LSE and colleagues at the Universities of Lancaster, Northumbria and Bristol, looks at the impact of Covid-19 and captures the responses and experiences of how Community-led housing (CLH) projects in England and Wales have coped during the pandemic. It highlights how the benefits of CLHs have fostered community and neighbourly support but also how this has been challenged by the restrictions necessitated by the pandemic

Crypto collectibles, museum funding and OpenGLAM:Challenges, opportunities and the potential of non-fungible tokens (NFTs)

Non-fungible tokens (NFTs) make it technically possible for digital assets to be owned and traded, introducing the concept of scarcity in the digital realm for the first time. Resulting from this technical development, this paper asks the question, do they provide an opportunity for fundraising for galleries, libraries, archives and museums (GLAM), by selling ownership of digital copies of their collections? Although NFTs in their current format were first invented in 2017 as a means for game players to trade virtual goods, they reached the mainstream in 2021, when the auction house Christie’s held their first-ever sale exclusively for an NFT of a digital image, that was eventually sold for a record 69 million USD. The potential of NFTs to generate significant revenue for artists and museums by selling effectively a cryptographically signed copy of a digital image (similar to real-world limited editions, which are signed and numbered copies of a given artwork), has sparked the interest of the financially deprived museum and heritage sector with world-renowned institutions such as the Uffizi Gallery and the Hermitage Museum, having already employed NFTs in order to raise funds. Concerns surrounding the environmental impact of blockchain technology and the rise of malicious projects, exploiting previously digitised heritage content made available through OpenGLAM licensing, have attracted criticism over the speculative use of the technology. In this paper, we present the current state of affairs in relation to NFTs and the cultural heritage sector, identifying challenges, whilst highlighting opportunities that they create for revenue generation, in order to help address the ever-increasing financial challenges of galleries and museums

Robust Estimation and Inference on Current Status Data with Applications to Phase IV Cancer Trial

The use of piecewise exponential distributions was proposed by Rai et al. (2013) for analyzing cardiotoxicity data. Some parametric models are proposed, but the focus is on the Weibull distribution, which overcomes the limitation of piecewise exponential

New Tricks (1995)

You are looking at the latest issue of New Tricks, a literary magazine published by Sigma Tau Delta of Dakota State University. Sigma Tau Delta is an international honor society for English majors. The DSU chapter was started in 1993 with six charter members. Since then, it has grown into an organization of ten. We organize many activities each semester; the largest activity is publishing the literary magazine. We would like to thank the students and faculty who submitted art work and manuscripts, Jan Hedley for helping with the cover design, and our sponsors for making this magazine financially possible. A very special thank you goes to John Laflin, the advisor for Sigma Tau Delta and James Swanson, the advisor for New Tricks. Without your efforts, this magazine would not have been possible