CHAP : Enabling efficient hardware-based multiple hash schemes for IP lookup

Building a high performance IP lookup engine remains a challenge due to increasingly stringent throughput requirements and the growing size of IP tables. An emerging approach for IP lookup is the use of set associative memory architecture, which is basically a hardware implementation of an open addressing hash table with the property that each row of the hash table can be searched in one memory cycle. While open addressing hash tables, in general, provide good average-case search performance, their memory utilization and worst-case performance can degrade quickly due to bucket overflows. This paper presents a new simple hash probing scheme called CHAP (Content-based HAsh Probing) that tackles the hash overflow problem. In CHAP, the probing is based on the content of the hash table, thus avoiding the classical side effects of probing. We show through experimenting with real IP tables how CHAP can effectively deal with the overflow. © IFIP International Federation for Information Processing 2009

Operation of graphene quantum Hall resistance standard in a cryogen-free table-top system

We demonstrate quantum Hall resistance measurements with metrological accuracy in a small cryogen-free system operating at a temperature of around 3.8K and magnetic fields below 5T. Operating this system requires little experimental knowledge or laboratory infrastructure, thereby greatly advancing the proliferation of primary quantum standards for precision electrical metrology. This significant advance in technology has come about as a result of the unique properties of epitaxial graphene on SiC.Comment: 15 pages, 9 figure

Bilingual Palestinians' Attitudes towards Code-Switching

Prestige is a matter that concerns everyone as an attempt to follow the high class. The way people speak is one of the most noticeable factors that are used to determine if they are prestigious or not. Code-switching helps to create a new level of prestigious speech which is what we are trying to test in this study in the community of Hebron-Palestine. The purpose of this study is to investigate participants’ attitudes towards Code-switching (whether it is prestigious or not) and what reasons led to these attitudes. Data were collected from 80 members of the society from different educational levels and different age categories using a questionnaire that was sent to participants online. The study revealed that that code-switching is considered prestigious and it reflects the level of education of people in the society. Society turns out to believe that code-switching is a sign of prestige after the dramatic growth of the use of social networking. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 24. Theoretical and practical implications were discussed. Researchers hope that this study will help other linguists who are trying to search in this field

Fuzzy control of the dual-stage feeding system consisting of a piezoelectric actuator and a linear motor for electrical discharge machining

Gap width is an important factor that affects material removal rate, surface finish, and machining stability in electrical discharge machining processes. This research is to develop a novel control method for a new hybrid positioning system which consists of a linear motor and a piezoelectric actuator for high-efficiency electrical discharge machining processes. In the new system, the linear motor provides the macro feeding while the piezoelectric actuator feeds the workpiece in micro scale at high frequency. To reduce the delay caused by separate movements of the linear motor and piezoelectric actuator, a new control algorithm was developed to synchronize the movements of the motor and piezoelectric actuator. A fuzzy control system was used to control the feeding process. Piezoelectric actuator position and its speed were selected as the fuzzy inputs, while the fuzzy output was the linear motor speed. Cutting experiments were conducted, and results show that the fuzzy system is more powerful than the conventional algorithm and the new algorithm with constant motor speed. An increase in material removal rate of 1.6 times was achieved using the proposed fuzzy control algorithm

Employing the Internet of Things to Attain Resilience Across Supply Chain

This paper investigates and analyses the features of sustainable warehousing by conducting a systematic literature review (SLR) to create a significant insight of the expanding and growing trends of sustainable warehousing, to fit perfectly within the net-zero supply chain strategies and adapting to the new value adding practices of Industry 5.0. Using a set of 65 publications, including journal papers, conference papers, and reviews, for the last 10 years, between 2013 and 2023, the SLR highlights and considers several green logistics areas that are essential to help redesign the features of sustainable warehouses. The paper also emphasizes the need for further research to develop new models for warehouses that can be implemented in the Industry 5.0 supply chain to achieve net-zero goals. In other words, the paper is trying to understand the current state of sustainable warehousing and identify areas where improvements can be made to make warehouses more sustainable and environmentally friendly, and to help the industry move towards a net-zero supply chain. Additionally, the paper is suggesting that there is a need for more research to be done to create new models for warehouses that can be applied in the Industry 5.0 supply chain, in order to reach net-zero goals

A trial of intracranial pressure monitoring in traumatic brain injury

Background Intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring is considered the standard of care for severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and is used frequently, but the efficacy of treatment based on monitoring in improving the outcome has not been rigorously assessed. Methods Objective: The objective was to compare efficacy of guideline-based management in which a protocol for monitoring intraparenchymal ICP was used (ICP group) or a protocol in which treatment was based on imaging and clinical examination (exam group). Design: A multicenter randomized controlled trial was conducted. Setting: The trial was set in ICUs in Bolivia or Ecuador. Subjects: Patients had severe TBI (n = 324) and were 13 years of age or older. Interventions: Patients were randomly allocated to ICP This composite measure was based on performance across 21 measures of functional and cognitive status and was calculated as a percentile (with 0 indicating the worst performance, and 100 the best performance). Results There was no significant between-group difference in the primary outcome, a composite measure based on percentile performance across 21 measures of functional and cognitive status (score 56 in the pressure-monitoring group versus 53 in the imaging-clinical examination group; P= 0.49). Six-month mortality rates were 39% in the pressuremonitoring group and 41% in the imaging-clinical examination group (P = 0.60). The median lengths of stay in the ICU were similar in the two groups (12 days in the pressure-monitoring group and 9 days in the imagingclinical examination group; P = 0.25), although the number of days of brain-specific treatments (for example, administration of hyperosmolar fluids and the use of hyperventilation) in the ICU was higher in the imaging-clinical examination group than in the pressure-monitoring group (4.8 versus 3.4, P = 0.002). The distributions of serious adverse events were similar in the two groups. Conclusions For patients with severe TBI, care focused on maintaining monitored ICP at 20 mmHg or less was not shown to be superior to care based on imaging and clinical examination. monitoring or clinical exam-based monitoring. Outcomes: The primary outcome was a composite of survival time, impaired consciousness, functional status at 3 and 6 months, and neuropsychological status at 6 months; neuropsychological status was assessed by an examiner who was unaware of the protocol assignment. © 2014 BioMed Central Ltd

The safety and feasibility of simultaneous robotic repair of an inguinal hernia during robotic-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Purpose This study intended to assess the safety and feasibility of performing concurrent robotic-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP) and robotic inguinal hernia repair (RIHR). Method We systematically searched the PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library database up to the year 2020 to identify studies that assessed patients who underwent RALP and RIHR in the same settings. Results Thirteen studies were considered suitable for a systematic review and seven for Meta-analysis. RALP and RIHR were associated with significantly longer operative time. RIHR added on average 26 min to the operation time (8, 45 95% CI, p = 0.005, I2 97%). Concurrent RALP and RIHR was not associated with a higher incidence of blood loss (−13, 6 95% CI, p = 0.43, I2 18%), length of stay (−0.08, 0.06 95% CI, p = 0.73, I2 0%) or early postoperative complications. Conclusion Concurrent robotic repair of an inguinal hernia during RALP appears feasible and safe. Urologists should be encouraged to repair hernias encountered during RALP keeping in mind possible complications including wound infection, mesh infection, chronic inguinal pain and recurrence of hernia