Descripción y análisis del ecosistema de ciencia para la política en España durante la COVID-19

Spain was among the worst hit countries during the first waves of the COVID-19. Globally, policymakers required science advice to guide their decisions and inform the general public. This science advice for policy and decision-making and relation with the whole society fits into the epistemic dimension or the use of public debate to achieve the best decision within the deliberative democratic systems. In its exercise, boundary organisations and the role of scientists as honest brokers both stand out. This case study is the first qualitative evaluation of the main political and scientific actors and organisations, which comprised the science-for-policy ecosystem in Spain during the pandemic, of their actions, and of the frictions that could have hampered the crisis management. From the policy side, science was present in official speeches and there was a proliferation of ad hoc advisory committees, but there was media confusion about their independence and transparency, likely due to communication issues and political polarisation. From the scientific side, there was a cacophony of experts in the public sphere and competence for policy attention, with controversies about the policy decisions taken. This study concludes with recommendations for institutional improvement and democratic deliberation.España fue de los países más castigados durante las primeras olas de la COVID-19. Mundialmente, los gobernantes necesitaron asesoramiento científico para guiar sus decisiones e informar a la ciudadanía. Este asesoramiento científico para la toma de decisiones políticas y la relación con la sociedad encaja en la dimensión epistémica o uso del debate público para lograr la mejor decisión dentro de los sistemas deliberativos democráticos. En su ejercicio, destacan las organizaciones fronterizas y el rol de los científicos como mediadores honrados. Este estudio de caso es la primera evaluación cualitativa de los principales actores e instituciones políticas y científicas que conformaron el ecosistema de ciencia para la política en España durante la pandemia, de sus acciones y las fricciones que pudieron dificultar la gestión de la crisis. Desde la parte política, la ciencia estuvo presente en los discursos oficiales y se crearon varios comités asesores ad hoc pero hubo confusión mediática sobre su independencia y transparencia, probablemente por errores de comunicación y por la polarización política. Desde la parte científica, hubo cacofonía de expertos en la esfera pública y competencia por la atención política, con polémicas sobre las decisiones políticas tomadas. Este estudio concluye con recomendaciones para la mejora institucional y la deliberación democrática

Caracterización de los tumores de mama familiares mediante citogenética molecular

Tesis Doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Molecular. Fecha de lectura: 28-03-200

Factores de riesgo para sepsis neonatal temprana en el Hospital Hermilio Valdizán Medrano. Huánuco, Perú. 2016

Objetivo: Determinar los principales factores de riesgo asociados a sepsis neonatal probable temprana. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio de tipo observacional, analítico, retrospectivo de casos y controles. Los casos fueron 71 recién nacidos diagnosticados con sepsis probable temprana asociado a uno o más de los factores en estudio; y el grupo de controles: 71 neonatos sin sepsis neonatal probable temprana con uno o más de los factores en estudio, los datos fueron recogidos de las historias clínicas. El análisis bivariado de los factores de riesgo evaluados, el bajo peso al nacer, infección del tracto urinario materno en el tercer trimestre y rotura prematura de membrana, se realizó a través de la prueba de Chi-2, Odds ratio con un nivel de confianza al 95%. Para el análisis comparativo de las variables cuantitativas se utilizó la prueba U de man whitney. Resultados: En el análisis bivariado se identificaron como factores de riesgo a la infección del tracto urinario materno (OR = 2,515, 95% IC = 1,246 – 5,075, p=0,00), bajo peso al nacer (OR=3,5, 95% IC= 1,65-7,84, p=0.01), la ruptura prematura de membranas no resultó estadísticamente significativa (OR=0,7, 95%IC=0,31-1,7) Conclusiones: La infección del tracto urinario y el bajo peso al nacer fueron los factores de riesgo más importantes en este estudio para el desarrollo de sepsis neonatal probable temprana

Selectiores ex R.P.M.Fr. Jo. Laurentio Berti, Ilmo. Melchióre Cano, nec nòn Oscensi Fastographo theologico-dogmaticae, polemicae, scholasticae, historicae, et chronològicae positiones, quas... sub auspiciis P. Fr. Valerii a S. Theresia... extra=muros caesaraugustano templo publico agóni sistit Fr. Emmanuel a Ss. Trinitate, eiusden instituti professor. Die 22 Aprilis, Anno MDCCXC, hora III Vesp.

Encuadernado con: Panegirico de San Bernardo, que en el dia 20 de agosto de 1795. dixo: en el Real Monasterio de Rueda el doctor don Joaquin Mazod...Copia Digital. España : Ministerio de Cultura y Deporte. Subdirección General de Coordinación Bibliotecaria, 2022- L2Sign.: A-K41 grab. calc. N.S. del Pilar. Matheo Gonzale

Highway to heaven: mammary gland development and differentiation

In recent years, the mammary gland epithelium has been shown to be a mixture of differentiated cell populations in a hierarchical relationship with their stem and progenitor cells. However, the mechanisms that regulate their cellular differentiation processes are still unclear. The identification of genes that govern stem and progenitor cell expansion, or that determine daughter cell fate, will be of crucial interest for understanding breast cancer diversity and, ultimately, improving treatment. Two recent analyses have identified some of the key genes that regulate these processes, lighting up the highway to normal mammary gland development

The 'Matters' of Science Diplomacy:Transversal Analysis of the S4D4C Case Studies

What matters in science diplomacy? That is the question that the publication of the S4D4C project (see www.s4d4c.eu) “The 'Matters' of Science Diplomacy: Transversal Analysis of the S4D4C Case Studies” aims to answer. To do so, the transversal analysis critically analyses the content of the project's nine case studies and identifies insights to foster and advance the understanding and the practice of science diplomacy. Each matter addresses a piece from the larger picture; together they form a mosaic depicting the complex and wide-ranging concept of science diplomacy. The 10 “matters” are the result of the collaborative work between 11 S4D4C team members, coordinated by Mitchell Young, S4D4C lead for empirical work

Replacement of fishmeal with processed meal from knife fish Chitala ornata in diets of juvenile Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus

A 60-day feeding trial was conducted to assess the effects of processed meal from knife fish Chitala ornata (KFM) as fishmeal replacement in diets of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus juveniles. Five iso-nitrogenous (36.4% in dry matter) and isolipidic diets (8.6% in dry matter) with 0 (D1), 25 (D2), 50 (D3), 75 (D4) and 100% (D5) KFM inclusions were prepared. With a stocking density of 15 fish (0.59 ± 0.01 g) per tank, tilapia juveniles were distributed randomly in fifteen 30-L tanks. Results indicate a significant increase (P \u3c 0.05) in the percent average weight gain, specific growth rate, and feed intake with increasing KFM inclusion up to the level of 75%. There were no adverse effects observed in both blood profile and carcass composition of the tilapia. Hepatosomatic index of fish significantly increased (P \u3c 0.05) when KFM was included into the diet of tilapia, compared to those fed D1. Viscerosomatic indices were not significantly different (P \u3e 0.05) among treatments. Results of hepatic histopathology showed absence of tumors, lesions and parenchymal inflammation in all treatments. However, mild cell membrane lysis and mild and mild to moderate apoptosis were evident in liver samples. Based on the results, KFM can partially and completely replace dietary protein from fishmeal. Moreover, D4 (75% KFM) is considered the optimal KFM replacement level for Nile tilapia juveniles

Wnt and Neuregulin1/ErbB signalling extends 3D culture of hormone responsive mammary organoids

The development of in vitro culture systems quantitatively and qualitatively recapitulating normal breast biology is key to the understanding of mammary gland biology. Current three-dimensional mammary culture systems have not demonstrated concurrent proliferation and functional differentiation ex vivo in any system for longer than 2 weeks. Here, we identify conditions including Neuregulin1 and R-spondin 1, allowing maintenance and expansion of mammary organoids for 2.5 months in culture. The organoids comprise distinct basal and luminal compartments complete with functional steroid receptors and stem/progenitor cells able to reconstitute a complete mammary gland in vivo. Alternative conditions are also described that promote enrichment of basal cells organized into multiple layers surrounding a keratinous core, reminiscent of structures observed in MMTV-Wnt1 tumours. These conditions comprise a unique tool that should further understanding of normal mammary gland development, the molecular mechanism of hormone action and signalling events whose deregulation leads to breast tumourigenesis

Manuscritos inéditos de Jovellanos : Plan de Educación de la Nobleza, trabajado de orden del rey en 1798

El "Plan de gobierno y estudios ... para los Seminarios de educación de la nobleza ..." (Madrid : Viuda de Marín, 1790) ha sido atribuido a la inspiración de Jovellanos. J. Somoza (1926, p. 297) y F. Aguilar Piñal (Cuadern. Hispan. 356, 1980, p. 343) lo creen obra de F. Ribero, J. Vargas, J. del Río y L. CebriánCopia digital : Biblioteca de Asturias "Ramón Pérez de Ayala" : Biblioteca Pública Estatal de Oviedo, 201