Razina tjelesne pripremljenosti mladih odraslih osoba s intelektualnim poteškoćama i bez njih

Intellectual disability (ID) and living in residential home settings may be a disadvantage for an active lifestyle and healthy aging. The purpose of this study was to determine physical fitness levels of women with mild intellectual disabilities (n=31; mean age 22.22±3.11 years), clients of residential homes, and to compare them to the levels of their control peers (n=31; 23.16±3.12 years of age). First, cardiovascular disease risk factors (CVD) of the participants were determined based on the information from residential home doctor, participants’ health reports, and blood samples. Health-related physical fitness parameters (balance, cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular endurance, and flexibility) were measured, and body composition and anaerobic power were assessed. The significant differences were found between the groups (p<.05) in body mass index, muscular endurance, maximum walking distance, peak VO2, balance, flexibility, and power. The results of the study indicated that the fitness levels of women with ID were lower than those of their control peers. Women with ID should be encouraged to participate in physical activity programs to improve their physical fitness.Intelektualne poteškoće i život u domu mogu nepovoljno utjecati na aktivan životni stil i zdravo starenje. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je utvrditi razinu tjelesne pripremljenosti žena s lakšim intelektualnim poteškoćama (n=31; prosječna dob 22,22 ± 3,11 godina), korisnika domova za nemoćne te ih usporediti s vrijednostima njihovih vršnjakinja u kontrolnoj skupini (n=31; dob 23,16 ± 3,12 godina). Na temelju podataka dobivenih od liječnika iz domova te zdravstvenih izvješća sudionika i analiza uzoraka krvi, najprije su određeni rizični faktori za razvoj karidiovaskularnih bolesti. Izmjereni su parametri zdravstvenog fitnesa (ravnoteža, kardiorespiratorna izdržljivost, mišićna izdržljivosti i fleksibilnost) te su procijenjeni sastav tijela i anaerobna izdržljivost. Dobivene su značajne razlike između skupina (p<=0,05) u indeksu tjelesne mase, mišićnoj izdržljivost, maksimalnoj prehodanoj udaljenosti, vršnom VO2, ravnoteži, fleksibilnosti i snazi. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da je razina tjelesne pripremljenosti žena s intelektualnim poteškoćama bila niža od razine dobivene u kontrolnoj skupini njihovih vršnjakinja. Žene s intelektualnim poteškoćama trebalo bi poticati da sudjeluju u programima tjelesne aktivnosti kako bi poboljšale svoju fizičku pripremljenost

Functional Independence, Quality of Life, and Level of Mobility of Elderly People Living at Home and Nursing Home

Objective: To compare level of mobility, quality of life, and functional independence of the elderly people living at home and in the nursing homes

Exploring the Relationship of Pain, Balance, Gait Function, and Quality of Life in Older Adults with Hip and Knee Pain

Background: Musculoskeletal pain is a common problem in older adults and can result in disability and suffering. Uncontrolled pain leads to diminished quality of life (QoL) and places a great financial burden on the healthcare system

Učinci metode od najmanjega do najvećega podražaja u poučavanju djece s autizmom osnovnim teniskim vještinama

In the present study, the effects of a least-to-most prompting procedure in teaching basic tennis skills (i.e. tennis ball dribble, air dribble and dribble the lines drills) to children with autism were investigated. A single-subject multiple-probe design with probe conditions across behaviors was used. Participants were four male children with autism, aged 7-9 years. Data were collected over the course of 6 weeks, five times a week, an hour per session. Inter-observer reliability data of the study was determined as 93% on probes and 100% on teaching sessions for participant one, 96% on probes and 100% on teaching sessions for participant two, 90% on probes and 100% on teaching sessions for participant three, and 93% on probes and 100% on teaching sessions for participant four. Procedural reliability showed that the trainer implemented the planned steps with 100% accuracy for all participants. Results revealed that least to most prompting was an effective instructional approach and all subjects increased their basic tennis skills considerably during intervention.U ovom istraživanju proučavani su učinci metode od najmanjega do najvećega podražaja u poučavanju djece s autizmom osnovnim teniskim vještinama (npr. vođenje teniske loptice reketom, žongliranje loptice reketom, vježbe vođenja loptice po linijama teniskoga igrališta). U istraživanju je primijenjen dizajn višekratnoga testiranja pojedinačnoga slučaja u uvjetima različitih oblika ponašanja. Ispitanici su bili četiri autistična dječaka u dobi od 7 do 9 godina. Podaci su prikupljeni tijekom istraživačkoga perioda od 6 tjedana tijekom kojega su ispitanici provodili jednosatne treninge pet puta tjedno. Međuocjenjivačka pouzdanost bila je 93% tijekom testiranja i 100% tijekom treninga učenja za prvoga ispitanika, 96% tijekom testiranja i 100% tijekom treninga učenja za drugoga ispitanika, 90% tijekom testiranja i 100% tijekom treninga učenja za trećega ispitanika te 93% tijekom testiranja i 100% tijekom treninga učenja za četvrtoga ispitanika. Proceduralna pouzdanost ukazala je na činjenicu da su treneri primijenili planirane korake 100%-tnom preciznošću kod svih ispitanika. Rezultatima je utvrđeno da je metoda od najmanjega do najvećega podražaja učinkovit obrazovni pristup i svi ispitanici su tijekom intervencijskoga programa poboljšali svoje teniske vještine

Clinical value of mediastinoscopy in the diagnosis of sarcoidosis: An analysis of 68 cases

Mediastinoscopy was performed for confirmation of the diagnosis in 68 patients who were suspected clinically and radiologically of having sarcoidosis. In 66 of 68 cases in which mediastioscopy was performed a diagnosis was attained. In 35 cases, endobronchial biopsy was performed by bronchoscopy. In only 5 of these (14.2%) was the diagnosis of sarcoidosis confirmed. The sensitivity of mediastinciscopy was remarkably superior compared with that of endobronchial biopsy. No complication developed with either mediastinoscopy or endobronchial biopsy. In Turkey, mediastinoscopy without any complication costs about 650USD while bronchoscopy and endobronchial biopsy cost about 150 USD. In our study in which we looked for a histological confirmation - in the cases suspected of sarcoidosis - mainly through mediastinciscopy and rarely through other methods (i.e., endobronchial biopsy in one case, skin biopsy in another), we did not come up with a different diagnosis. Therefore, patients suspected of having sarcoidosis should undergo a careful clinical, laboratory, and radiologlic examination; they should be under continuous close observation; when necessary (e.g., skin and lip biopsy), the tissue diagnosis should be made by other methods, but if there is the possibility of a disease such as tuberculosis and lymphoma, mediastinciscopy should be performed. The diagnosis of stage 3 sarcoidosis is difficult. For diagnosis, sometimes videothoracoscopy or explorative thoracotomy may be necessary. However, in all our 3 cases with stage 3, we reached the diagnosis of sarcoidosis by the less invasive and less expensive method of mediastinoscopy. Despite our small number of cases, we believe that mediastinciscopy is a very important instrument for diagnosis of stage 3 sarcoidosis

Upper respiratory tract involvement of sarcoidosis in the Turkish population

PRINCIPLES AND METHODS: Upper respiratory tract (URT) involvement is rare in sarcoidosis. In this descriptive study, we retrospectively evaluated the clinical and demographic features of 12 (2.19%) patients with URT involvement out of the 546 sarcoidosis patients with follow-up visits at our center within the last 40-year period

Pulmonary Radiological Findings in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Their Relationship to Chemotherapy and Prognosis: A Single-Center Retrospective Study

Objective: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common acute leukemia in adults. Pulmonary are among the most common causes of mortality in AML. This single-center retrospective study aimed to evaluate the relationship between radiological findings of pulmonary at presentation and post chemotherapy on prognosis and clinical outcome in a group of AML patients

Pulmonary Radiological Findings in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Their Relationship to Chemotherapy and Prognosis: A Single-Center Retrospective Study

Objective: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common acute leukemia in adults. Pulmonary are among the most common causes of mortality in AML. This single-center retrospective study aimed to evaluate the relationship between radiological findings of pulmonary at presentation and post chemotherapy on prognosis and clinical outcome in a group of AML patients