Impact assessment of frontline demonstrations on green gram: Experience from rainfed condition of Rajasthan

Pulses being rich in quality protein, minerals and vitamins are inseparable ingredients of diet of majority of Indian population. Despite high nutritive value of pulses and their role in sustainable agriculture desired growth rate in production could not be witnessed. The domestic production of pulses is consistently below the targets and actualdomestic requirements are also higher, due to these pulses are being imported. The Krishi Vigyan Kendra Pali has carried out frontline demonstrations on green gram covering an area of 26.5 ha of farmers’ field to exhibit latest production technologies and compared it with farmer’s practice. The study in total 40 frontline demonstrations were conducted on farmers’ fields in villages viz., Kishanagar, Bedkallan, Boyal, Kushalpura and Balara of Pali district of Rajasthan state during 2014, 2015 and 2016, to demonstrate production potential and economic benefit of improved technologies comprising sowing method, nutrient management and chemical weed control and adoption of whole package of practices for the crop. After sowing of seed application of weedicide Pendimethalin (within two days after sowing) at 1.0 kg/ha in 500 liters of water used for effective control of the weeds during kharif season in rainfed condition. The findings of the study revealed that the demonstrated technology recorded a mean yield of 982 kg/ha which was 35.5% higher than obtained with farmers’ practice (755 kg/ha). Higher mean net income of Rs. 46030/ha with a Benefit: Cost ratio of 4.3 was obtained with improved technologies in comparison to farmers’ practices (Rs. 38775/ha). The frontline demonstrations conducted on green gram at the farmers’ field revealed that the adoption of improved technologies significantly increased the yield as well as yield attributing traits of crop and also the net returns higher than the farmers’ practices. So, there is a need to disseminate the improved technologies among the farmers with effective extension methods like training and demonstrations. The farmers’ should be encouraged to adopt the recommended package of practices realizing for higher returns

Lineage dynamics of murine pancreatic development at single-cell resolution.

Organogenesis requires the complex interactions of multiple cell lineages that coordinate their expansion, differentiation, and maturation over time. Here, we profile the cell types within the epithelial and mesenchymal compartments of the murine pancreas across developmental time using a combination of single-cell RNA sequencing, immunofluorescence, in situ hybridization, and genetic lineage tracing. We identify previously underappreciated cellular heterogeneity of the developing mesenchyme and reconstruct potential lineage relationships among the pancreatic mesothelium and mesenchymal cell types. Within the epithelium, we find a previously undescribed endocrine progenitor population, as well as an analogous population in both human fetal tissue and human embryonic stem cells differentiating toward a pancreatic beta cell fate. Further, we identify candidate transcriptional regulators along the differentiation trajectory of this population toward the alpha or beta cell lineages. This work establishes a roadmap of pancreatic development and demonstrates the broad utility of this approach for understanding lineage dynamics in developing organs

THE ROLE OF AYURVEDA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF VYANG W.S.R. TO MELASMA

In Ayurvedic literature all skin ailments are mostly concludes in the title under Kushtha and Kshudra Roga. The primary meaning of Kushtha is Twak vaivarnta (disscolouration of skin). Vyanga is Kshudraroga with Painless, small and blackish in colour features. Melasma is an acquired pigmentary disorder characterized by common clinical finding like hyper-pigmented macules on face. In its pathogenesis various factors like genetic predisposition, UV rays, cosmetics and hormonal drugs are play important role. In Ayurveda this condition is similar to Vyang which is mentioned in Kshudra rogadhikar. According to Ayurveda it is occur due to excessive anger and hard work. So as the results vitiated Doshas mainly Pitta along with Vaata produce blakish patches on face which is called Vyang. Vyang is a Rakta pradoshja vikar and in its probably Doshas involved are Udaan vaayu, Bharajak pitta and Dushya Ras and Rakta dhatu, As this condition disturbed our mental and physical state. A good physical appearance and natural colour show us healthy. So for this purpose in Ayurveda line of treatment like Shodhan (purification), Shaman chikitsa and various numbers of Lepa, medicated oil and ointment for external application are also mentioned. All accessory factors are also important during management of disease e.g. psychological condition, cosmetics, OCP, some drugs etc. This article review attempts to understand the Vyang with modern view of Melasma and to help in treatment of it.

Response of bio-regulators to yield and quality of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czernj. and Cosson) under different irrigation environments

A field study was conducted during rabi seasons of 2008 and 2009 to evaluated of productivity of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) by foliar spray of bio-regulators under different irrigation environments. Amongst treatments, the application of sufficient irrigation water (four irrigations) recorded the highest number siliqua per plant, higher number of seeds per siliqua, 1000 seed weight and yields as compared to all other irrigation treatments. Results show that an increased in seed yield of 92.40 and 39.37 % under sufficient irrigation and limitedwater condition in 2008 and 93.34% and 40.31% in 2009, respectively over deficient irrigation conditions, foliar sprays of 100 ppm thioglycollic acid at initiation of branching were recorded highest yield attributes and yields. Similarly, 500 ppm of thiourea at initiation of branching and flowering stages also gave second best highest yield attributes and yields as compared to all other bio-regulators spray stages. However, bio-regulators sprays were not recorded any significant effect on oil and protein content. The results were concluded that economic feasibility to improve productivity of Indian mustard with four irrigations levels and sprays of 100 ppm thioglycollic acid and 500 ppm of thiourea at initiation of branching and flowering stages under hyper arid environment

On-farm assessment of fennel varieties in Rajasthan

Fennel varieties viz., RF-205, RF-125, RF-145, RF-178 and NRCSS-AF1 with the recommended package of practices were evaluated in 120 farmers’ field from eight adopted villages of Pali district of Rajasthan. The results of the study indicated that under diversified agro-climatic conditions, three varieties of fennel viz., NRCSS-AF1, RF-205 and RF-125 were promising over local check with higher B : C ratio of 2.21, 2.02 and 1.63, respectively. &nbsp

Yield and Economic Viability of Coriander under Frontline Demonstration in Bundi District of Rajasthan

A study was conducted in Bundi district of Rajasthan to analyze yield and economics of coriander under frontline demonstration. Results of the study revealed that yields in coriander were substantially higher over the Local Check (Control), fetching the participating farmers a higher price for their produce. A majority of the respondent farmers expressed high (44.32%) to very high (37.50%) level of satisfaction with extension services and performance of the technology under the demonstration

The relation of serum GGT level in patients with non valvular atrial fibrillation and normal sinus rhythm

Background: The primary objective of the study was to assess and compare the relation of serum GGT level in patients with non valvular atrial fibrillation and normal sinus rhythm. The fundamental mechanisms underlying AF remains poorly understood. Oxidative stress is hypothesized to induce and maintain nonvalvular atrial fibrillation particularly in elderly patients. GGT levels are increased in patients with chronic inflammation. Increased serum levels of GGT are found in chronic nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF) patients as compared with patients in sinus rhythm.Methods: We included 75 patients of nonvalvular atrial fibrillation and 75 patients of sinus rhythm after applying exclusion criteria. Serum level of gamma glutamyl transrerase (GGT) of both the groups was compared.Results: Presence of coronary artery disease, hypertension, gender, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus and smoking status were comparable between the 2 groups (P > 0.05 for all). Serum gamma glutamyl transferase activity in 75 cases was 71.45±26.21 with maximum being 147 IU/L more than the normal range for age, whereas in controls it was 19.68±5.53 i.e. much within the normal range for age.Conclusions: At the end of the study we concluded that serum GGT levels were significantly higher in patients with chronic nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF) patients as compared with patients in sinus rhythm

Sudden cardiac death in patients with ischemic heart failure undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting results from the STICH randomized clinical trial (Surgical Treatment for Ischemic Heart Failure)

Background—The risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in patients with heart failure following CABG has not been examined in a contemporary clinical trial of surgical revascularization. This analysis describes the incidence, timing and clinical predictors of SCD after CABG. Methods—Patients enrolled in the Surgical Treatment of Ischemic Heart Failure (STICH) trial who underwent CABG with or without surgical ventricular reconstruction (SVR) were included. We excluded patients with prior ICD and those randomized only to medical therapy. The primary outcome was SCD as adjudicated by a blinded committee. A Cox model was used to examine and identify predictors of SCD. The Fine and Gray method was used to estimate the incidence of SCD accounting for the competing risk of other deaths. Results—Over a median follow-up of 46 months, 113 patients of 1411 patients who received CABG without (n = 934) or with SVR (n = 477) had SCD; 311 died of other causes. The mean LVEF at enrollment was 28±9%. The 5-year cumulative incidence of SCD was 8.5%. Patients who had SCD and those who did not die were younger and had fewer comorbid conditions than those who died for reasons other than SCD. In the first 30 days after CABG, SCD (n=5) accounted for 7% of all deaths. The numerically greatest monthly rate of SCD was in the 31-90 day time period. In a multivariable analysis including baseline demographics, risk factors, coronary anatomy and LV function, ESVI and BNP were most strongly associated with SCD. Conclusions—The monthly risk of SCD shortly after CABG among patients with a low LVEF is highest between the first and third month, suggesting that risk stratification for SCD should occur early in the postoperative period, particularly in patients with increased preoperative ESVI and/or BNP