De distractor a aliado: Uso del celular como recurso didáctico para el aprendizaje del ingles como lengua extranjera

La presente investigación busca implementar una estrategia pedagógica, integrando los teléfonos inteligentes como herramienta, para potenciar el desarrollo de las habilidades comunicativas en inglés, en los estudiantes de tercer semestre del técnico académico en inglés del Politécnico Americano en Neiva. Para responder a las problemáticas identificadas de bajo nivel de inglés en los estudiantes, actitudes limitantes para el aprendizaje, y el uso de los equipos móviles en el aula de clase limitado al ocio se planteó la interrogante: ¿Cómo implementar una estrategia pedagógica, integrando los teléfonos inteligentes como herramienta, para potenciar el desarrollo de las habilidades comunicativas en inglés, en los estudiantes de tercer semestre del técnico académico en inglés del instituto Politécnico Americano en Neiva?. Para ello, se adelantó una investigación de naturaleza mixta, con Diseño Transformativo Secuencial (DITRAS), fundamentada en el Aprendizaje Basado en Proyectos ABP y enmarcada en la sublínea de investigación ‘Mediaciones Tecnológicas en Educación’. Se concluye que se da cumplimiento a los objetivos específicos y el objetivo general de investigación considerando la propuesta una experiencia satisfactoria de integración de smartphones como herramientas pedagógicas, identificando como factores determinantes para la efectividad de una estrategia pedagógica mediada por teléfonos inteligentes garantizar el acceso, conocer a los estudiantes, flexibilidad de la estrategia y acompañamiento constante por parte del docente.With the objective of designing a pedagogical strategy, integrating smartphones as a tool, to promote the development of communication skills in English, in the third semester students of the academic technician in English of the American Polytechnic in Neiva, responding to the problems of a low english level on the students, their limiting attitudes to learning, and the use of mobile devices in the classroom limited to leisure the following question arises: How to design a pedagogical strategy, integrating smartphones as a tool, to enhance the development of communication skills in english, in the third semester students of the academic technician in english of the American Polytechnic Institute in Neiva?. For this purpose, an investigation of a mixed nature is carried out, with Transformative Sequential Design (TSD), based on PBL Project-Based Learning and framed in the research subline 'Technological Mediations in Education'. At the end, the general and specific objectives of the general research are achieved and is considered a satisfactory experience of integrating smartphones as pedagogical tools, identifying as determining factors for the effectiveness of a pedagogical strategy mediated by smartphones to guarantee access, know thestudents, present a flexible strategy and offer constant accompaniment by the teacher

Propuesta de mejora de la gestión de producción para reducir costos operacionales de la empresa de Calzado Doble AA

El presente trabajo de investigación se realizó en la empresa “Doble AA” S.A., y tuvo como objetivo disminuir los costos operativos en la línea de producción de balerinas 2109, los cuales son generados por una mala programación de la producción y la ausencia de orden de las estaciones de producción. Ante esto, se propone implementar las metodologías MRP, 5’S. Es así que, se logró con el Plan de Requerimiento de Materiales disminuir la pérdida económica de S/. 22,948.27 soles anuales a S/. 3,691.66 soles anuales, mientras que con las 5´S se mejoró una pérdida económica de S/. 14,250 soles anuales a S/. 5,955 soles anuales. La inversión para el Plan de Requerimiento de Materiales y 5´S es de S/. 16,554 y S/. 5,358 soles anuales respectivamente. Finalmente se presenta un análisis de evaluación económica que arroja un VAN de S/. 29,514.70 un TIR de 42.98%, un PRI de 7 meses y B/C de 1.12

Ineficacia de la ley de trafico de mercancías prohibidas y restringidas en la disminución de los delitos aduaneros

Con la finalidad de determinar si el art 8 de la ley N 28008 ha sido eficaz en su cumplimiento, se ha realizado este trabajo de investigación descriptivo, pues pretendo exponer a través de información la realidad aduanera (cusas) sobre los casos de delitos del tráfico de mercancías prohibidas y restringidas y comprobar su real dimensión dentro del ámbito espacial determinado. El tráfico de mercancías prohibidas y restringidas es una de las conductas típicas jurídicas y para el cual fue necesario acudir a fuentes que nos proporcionen información sobre la realidad aduanera, delitos durante los últimos años respecto a su control y fiscalización, identificando y analizando sus causas. Asimismo para determinar la eficacia de la norma fue necesario hacer un análisis comparativo de las normas peruanas con las normas de otros países de América y Europa contrastados con la realidad.. Después de un riguroso trabajo de extracción de resultados, investigación y recolección de información de fuentes nos muestra que la norma no es eficaz, pero el principal problema es la falta de una verdadera política aduanera, pues no se trata de emitir una norma sino de implementarla.Tesi

La recaudación tributaria del IVA y su efecto socio económico período 2008-2015

TributaciónEl presente trabajo de titulación se encuentra basado en un minucioso análisis referente a las medidas tributarias que se han implementado en la República del Ecuador en el período 2008 – 2015; dicho proyecto está enfocado en los efectos socioeconómicos que se han presentado en la recaudación del Impuesto al Valor Agregado (IVA), en el desarrollo podemos encontrar 5 capítulos que sustentan las interrogantes que se pueden presentar al momento de cuestionar el direccionamiento de las recaudaciones del Impuesto al Valor Agregado, así también elaborar una propuesta de mejora para este tipo de recaudación. La administración tributaria que existe en nuestro país, siempre está en constantes reformas y cada vez existen más tributos, es de suma importancia para los que están sujetos a los mismos, estén capacitados informados para dominar los temas más relevantes: las normativa legal, las disposiciones y otros. El problema principal que se analizó fue la evasión del Impuesto al Valor Agregado y la incidencia que tiene en la recaudación tributaria que realiza el SRI sobre este impuesto. Se elaboraron encuestas que ayudaron al análisis de la investigación. Se concluye la elaboración de una propuesta la cual es, la implementación de un índice de eficiencia para la recaudación tributaria del IVA.The present titling work is based on a detailed analysis regarding the tax measures that have been implemented in the Republic of Ecuador in the period 2008 - 2015; This project is focused on the socio-economic effects that have been presented in the collection of Value Added Tax (VAT), in development we can find 5 chapters that support the questions that may arise when questioning the direction of tax collections To Valor Agregado, as well as to elaborate a proposal of improvement for this type of collection. The tax administration that exists in our country, is always in constant reforms and there are more and more taxes, it is of the utmost importance for those who are subject to them, they are trained to master the most relevant issues: legal regulations, provisions and others. The main problem that was analyzed was the evasion of the Value Added Tax and the incidence that it has in the tax collection that realizes the IRS on this tax. Surveys were developed to support the analysis of the research. The conclusion of the elaboration of a proposal is the implementation of an efficiency index for the collection of VA

Assessing heterogeneity in meta-analysis: Q statistic or I2 index?

In meta-analysis, the usual way of assessing whether a set of single studies is homogeneous is by means of the Q test. However, the Q test only informs meta-analysts about the presence versus the absence of heterogeneity, but it does not report on the extent of such heterogeneity. Recently, the I² index has been proposed to quantify the degree of heterogeneity in a meta-analysis. In this article, the performances of the Q test and the confidence interval around the I² index are compared by means of a Monte Carlo simulation. The results show the utility of the I² index as a complement to the Q test, although it has the same problems of power with a small number of studies

How effective are Z-drug hypnotics for treatment of adult insomnia? Meta-analysis of data submitted to the Food and Drug Administration

The Problem: Z-drugs are the most commonly prescribed hypnotics worldwide. They are widely prescribed because general practitioners and patients believe that they are effective and superior to older hypnotics. Previous meta-analyses of Z-drugs suffer from publication or reporting bias and did not adequately examine study heterogeneity. We wanted to investigate the effectiveness of Z-drugs in adults using a data source that was less likely to be affected by publication bias. The approach: We examined clinical trials of currently approved Z-drugs submitted to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) since pharmaceutical companies are required to provide information on all sponsored trials, whether published or not, when applying for new drug approvals. We included randomized double blind placebo controlled trials and excluded studies with a crossover design, those including healthy patients with normal sleep or single night studies with induced insomnia. We analysed drug efficacy as change score from baseline to posttest for drug and placebo groups, and the difference of both change scores for available outcomes. Weighted raw and standardized mean differences with their confidence intervals (CIs) under random-effects assumptions were calculated for polysomnographic (PSG) and subjective outcomes: wake after sleep onset, sleep latency, number of awakenings, total sleep time, sleep efficiency, subjective sleep quality, and morning sleepiness score. We performed weighted regression moderator analysis to explain heterogeneity of drug effects. Findings: We included 16 studies comprising 4973 subjects from different countries, varying drug dosages, treatment lengths and study years. Z-drugs showed significant but small improvements (reductions) only in PSG (d+ = -0.36, 95% CI = -0.57 to -0.16) and subjective sleep latency (d+ = -0.33, 95% CI = -0.62 to -0.041) compared with placebo. Analyses of weighted mean raw differences indicated that drugs decreased sleep latency by only 22 minutes (95% CI = -33 TO -11) with no evidence of change in other measures. Moderator analyses indicated that sleep latency was more likely to be reduced with larger drug doses, studies published earlier, including higher proportions of younger or women patients, and of longer treatment duration. Consequences: This study of FDA data shows that, despite being commonly prescribed, Z-drugs have limited benefit with small reductions in subjective and PSG sleep latency especially with larger dosages, but no improvement in other sleep measures compared to placebo. Placebo effects were moderate for sleep latency. Doctors and patients need to be aware of the relative benefits as well as harms of hypnotic drugs when deciding to use them in preference to psychological treatments

Prevalence, impact and treatment of generalised anxiety disorder in bipolar disorder : A systematic review and meta-analysis

Publisher Copyright: © 2016, BMJ Publishing Group. All rights reserved.Question Recent data suggest that anxiety disorders are as often comorbid with bipolar disorder (BD) as with unipolar depression; however, less attention has been paid to comorbidity of anxiety disorders with BD. Generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) is one of the most prevalent anxiety disorders that is highly comorbid with other mental disorders. We carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the degree of comorbidity between GAD and BD. Study selection and analysis We searched for all studies, which included primary data concerning the existence of GAD in patients with BD. The literature search strategy, selection of publications and the reporting of results have been conducted with PRISMA guidelines. The meta-analysis calculated prevalence estimates using the variance-stabilising Freeman-Tukey double arcsine transformation. We applied the inverse variance method using both fixed-effects and random-effects models to estimate summary effects for all combined studies. Heterogeneity was assessed and measured with Cochran’s Q and I2 statistics, respectively. Findings The current meta-analysis analysed data from 28 independent studies and a total of 2975 patients from point prevalence studies and 4919 patients from lifetime studies. The overall random-effects point prevalence of GAD in patients with BD was 12.2% (95% CI 10.9% to 13.5%) and the overall random-effects lifetime estimate was 15.1% (95% CI 9.7% to 21.5%). Both estimates reported significant heterogeneity (94.0% and 94.7%, respectively). Conclusions Published studies report prevalence rates with high heterogeneity and consistently higher than those typically reported in the general population. It is believed that comorbid GAD might be associated with a more severe BD course and increased suicidality, and it is unknown how best to treat such conditions. The current meta-analysis confirms that GAD is highly prevalent in BD and the rate is higher in comparison to those in the general population.publishersversionPeer reviewe