Modélisation de l'impact de projectiles sur des installations voisines : couplages mécano-probabiliste

National audienceLes projectiles engendrés lors d'une explosion d'un réservoir sont des menaces pour d'autres équipements environnants et peuvent entraîner des explosions successives

The domino effect and integrated probabilistic approaches for risk analysis

International audienceThe paper develops a probabilistic approach in order to deal with domino effects that may occur in industrial facilities : an explosion or accident may generate various sets of projectiles that may impact other existing facilities (tanks under high-pressure, etc) and may generate other sets of projectiles and so on. Three main parts are considered : 1- Source term : for the first set of generated projectiles, probabilistic distributions are considered for the number, masses, velocities, departure angles, geometrical form, dimensions, and constitutive materials properties. The authors have collected existing models from the literature. 2- Target term : for the set of impacted targets, probabilistic distributions are considered for the number of impacting projectiles, velocities, incidence angles and energy at impact, constitutive materials properties, dimensions of the impacted targets, and projectiles penetration depths into the targets. In this paper, new models for the impact are proposed to calculate the penetration depth after impact : case of cylindrical rods impacting rectangular plates, both are metal made. The theoretical results are compared to the experimental data (4 data sets) collected from the literature with the following features : projectiles mass ranging from 0.1g up to 250 kg, projectiles velocity ranging from 10 m/s up to 2100 m/s, projectiles diameters ranging from 1.5 mm up to 90 mm, target strength ranging from 300 MPa up to 1400 MPa and incidence angles ranging from 0 degree up to 70 degrees. 3- Domino effect term : evaluation of the risks of second set of explosions that may take place in the impacted components. Monte Carlo simulations are used in order to calculate the different probabilities : probability of impact, distribution of the penetration depth and probability of domino effect

Algerian Ḥubūs and its development stages (from pre- Ottman rule to post-independence era)

Purpose – This research seeks to illustrate chronologically the major historical development stages of the Algerian Ḥubūs system. Most Waqf institutions in Algeria share a similar historical development pattern with other Islamic countries. The development of Ḥubūs in Algeria will be divided into four main periods; the pre-Ottoman Caliph period; during the Ottoman Caliph period; French occupation period; and lastly the period of modern Algerian state. to boost knowledge and augment researchers’ thoughts regarding the practice of Waqf in Algeria. Design/methodology/approach – Since limited studies have addressed this issue in the context of Algeria. This study implemented library research, and a conceptual approach as the method of analysis. Furthermore, the researchers assessed a significant body of relevant studies written on several aspects of the Ḥubūs history in Algeria, to provide readers and scholars with lessons from Waqf institutions in Algeria throughout four different stages in history. Findings – While the Ḥubūs institution performed a pivotal role in many societal segments of Algerians’ life during the two first stages, it has witnessed a massive deterioration in term of its impact during the post Ottoman era, especially during the French colonization period. The destructive consequences of the colonial period extremely hampered the efforts of the new Algerian state regaining the glorious role of Waqf institutions. The results shows that Waqf is one of the immutable national values in Algeria, and that has played a significant socio-economic role once recognized as the backbone of the economic system. Additionally, it emphasized the development of the Ḥubūs system in Algeria, which offers a platform that facilitates understanding its status in the community, which suggests lessons to be learnt from and considered for the development of Waqf institutions. Research limitations/implications – This study offers a discussion on the historical development phases of Ḥubūs system in Algeria. Additionally, this study recommends that there is a need for more investigation on Algerian Waqf institutions. Originality/Value – The results of this research may have some substantial suggestions for sustainable development in Muslim nations. As well, it gives a platform which facilitates the understanding of Algerian Waqf institutions, and solutions for the existing obstacles in this topic

Conversion of fruit kernels of Algerian date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) into biodiesel

Today, renewable energies have become one of the most important concerns of the countries of the world as a result of the negative effects we have reached on the environment from our use of fossil fuels and the resulting emissions of toxic gases. It is no secret that the fields of renewable energies are very diverse, including those derived from biomass. Researchers in this field seek to diversify bioenergy sources from ethanol, biodiesel, and fuels. Biogas. Accordingly, we conducted this study using date kernel oil as a new source for biofuel extraction, and the results were as follows: oil content of 4 to 5 percent, with a very high acid number of 8.9776, which imposes on us make a reaction of esterification and transesterification. Biodiesel has a 91 percent yield and its properties are close to recognized standards compared to previous studies

Identification Method for Flexure and Shear Behavior of Cantilever Structures

International audienc

Resilience: theory and metrics - A metal structure as demonstrator

International audienc

Natural Hazards, Structural Vulnerability and Structural Resilience: Tsunamis Effects on Industrial Tanks (Keynote Lecture)

International audienc

Formulacion integrada de riesgos naturales y tecnologicos (Keynote Lecture)

International audienc

Safety of atmospheric industrial tanks: fragility curves, resilience and sensitivity analysis

International audienc

Safety of atmospheric industrial tanks: fragility, resilience and recovery functions

International audienc