Creating Cold Storage Vault to Preserve Archival Collections Related to Texas History

The University of Texas at Arlington Library requests $400,000 to support the construction of a cold storage vault to stabilize and preserve more than 5 million photographic negatives that are at severe risk of imminent loss to accelerating deterioration. The negatives constitute irreplaceable documentation of Texas culture and history and of the natural and built environments of the Dallas-Fort Worth area. They are heavily used for a variety of purposes, from scholarly publications to family research to renovation of historic buildings. Consultants have advised that cold storage is the most cost-effective means to preserve the negatives. It will dramatically retard their deterioration, allowing time for selective digitization to proceed in a carefully planned fashion. The funding would build upon a solid foundation created by years of staff work, recent advice received from expert consultants, and the identification of an extremely suitable location for the vault

A lower bound for tree resolution

AbstractIn this article, highly expanding degree-3 bipartite graphs are generated randomly. Every graph gives rise to a contradictory set of clauses, and these particular graphs provide us with a highly interconnected set of 3SAT clauses. If n is the number of nodes in each side of the graph, then there are 3n variables and 8n clauses. We use this set to prove a lower bound for tree resolution. The lower bound obtained is 2(23λn) where λ≈0.3166. Letter N = 3n be the number of variables, this bound is ≈ 2.070355N. This is contrasted with the best-known upper bound for 3SAT, from the algorithm in Monien and Speckenmeyer (1985), which is ≈ 2.6943N where again N is the number of variables. Exponential lower bounds have been proved for stronger forms of resolution, but with significantly smaller constants

A Virus Diarrhea of Newborn Calves

The diarrhea of newborn calves in Wisconsin is characterized by a watery, yellow diarrhea which begins 1 to 2 days after birth. The age at which the calf is exposed, the feeding of colostrum, and the method of exposure are critical factors determining the character of the clinical manifestations of the experimental disease. The fact that the aerosol method of exposure was the means by which the acute type of the disease has been produced suggests that this is largely an air-borne disease. The etiological agent of this disease has been characterized as a virus. Serial transmission of a bacterial free inoculum in calves together with serial passage in the gravid uterus of mice and guinea pigs have been \u27accomplished

Shelf-Life Improvement of Distillers Wet Grains with Solubles

Distillers wet grains with solubles (DWGS) is a co-product of the ethanol production using the dry-grind process. DWG is widely used as a feed and supplemental protein source in North American cattle rations. However due to its short shelf-life, 3-4 days in the summer and 7-10 days in the winter, its use is limited to cattle feeding facilities within close proximity to an ethanol production plant. It is known that the shelf-life of DWGS in the summer diminishes drastically compared to DWGS in the winter. This effect is primarily due to temperature, which drives mold growth in high moisture feedstocks. Therefore, the overall goal of this dissertation research was to increase the shelf-life of wet distillers grains by a factor of three from its current 3-4 days in warm summer conditions and 5-7 days in cold winter conditions. The first objective was to understand and quantify the effect of temperature (10, 20, and 25°C) and condensed distillers solubles (CDS) levels [0, 20, 30g/100g of Distillers Wet Grains (DWG)] on the shelf-life of DWGS under warm and cool aerobic storage conditions. Sample conditions which indicate shelf-life such as moisture, pH, fat acidity (FA), fungal growth and mycotoxin levels were measured in the DWGS samples before and after seven days of storage under three storage temperature levels (10, 20, and 25°C). We found that changes in temperature had the most significant effect on sample conditions (P\u3c0.05). After seven days of storage, moisture content and water activity decreased with increase in temperature. We found fat acidity increased after seven days of storage and pH, fungal growth and mycotoxin levels increased with temperature. It was concluded that after seven days of storage at both warm and cool aerobic storage conditions, desired sensory, chemical, physical and microbiological characters were not retained. DWGS deteriorated less at 10°C than at 20°C and 25°C, likewise we saw less deterioration in 0 (g/100g) CDS than in 20 (g/100g) and 30 (g/100g) CDS. Additionally, deterioration and levels of three mycotoxins (aflatoxin, fumonisin and zearalenone) of DWGS stored under cool and warm conditions for a 7 day period were quantified

Build Style Decision Support for Stereolithography

When building parts in a stereolithography apparatus (SLA), the user is faced with many decisions regarding how the part will be built. The quality of the build can be controlled by the user via changing one of several build style variables, including part orientation, cross sectional layer thickness, and laser hatch density. A user will probably have preferences for the part build (Le., accuracy or speed), but may not understand how to vary the build style variables to produce the desired results. A method based on response surface methodology and multi-objective decision support is described in this paper for relating build goals to three build style variables, and the use ofthese relationships in providing decision support for building a part on a SLA. The method is applied to the build style of a circuit breaker handle.Mechanical Engineerin

Ozone treatment effects on microbial count on maize

The ultimate goal of this research was to develop a semi-continuous flow grain treatment system and predictive model that will reduce microorganisms on grain kernel surfaces with ozone. The focus of this research was to determine the concentration-time product (CTP) of ozone required to eliminate various levels of microbial growth on grain kernels. To examine the effect of ozone on surface microbes, samples of freshly-harvested and stored maize were treated with ozone for 1 and 3 hours at average ozone concentrations of 1752 ppm, 915 ppm and 37 ppm. Microorganisms were significantly decreased by 28 to 57% after maize samples were ozonated for 1 h at 37 to 1752 ppm and 45 to 80% for 3 h at 37 to 1752 ppm. Linear regression analysis of the CTP data indicated that percent mold reduction increased at a rate of 0.0088 times the CTP. The modified Gompertz equation applied to the microbial inactivation data indicated that a 0.5 to ~1 log mold reduction on maize kernels was attained for ozone concentrations between 37 and 1752 ppm. When compared to preliminary field data from a semi-continuous flow grain treatment system, the laboratory data and the model-predicted values were reasonably close with respect to the microbial load reduction observed on maize samples taken from the system. Keywords: Ozone, Microorganisms, Treatment, Sterilization, Ozone concentration

Half-life time of ozone as a function of air conditions and movement

Stored grain products, such as corn, can harbor multiple microorganisms, including fungi such as Aspergillus species that produce toxins harmful to both humans and animals. In previous studies, we have demonstrated that ozone-treatment can significantly reduce the level of viable microorganisms on the surface of corn kernels. Ozone is a strong oxidizing agent, which is used in a growing number of industrial applications to control harmful microbes and volatiles. To achieve this goal, a better understanding of the properties of ozone is needed, especially with respect to the half-life of ozone and time/concentration criteria to reduce microbes on corn. The focus of this project was to determine the half-life time of ozone in air as a function of air speed (0 to 370 m3/h), temperature (4 to 40°C) and relative humidity (0 to 80%) inside the cylinder. Half-Life Time (HLT) averaged ~1500 minutes in still air at room temperature (24°C) and zero humidity, which was substantially longer than previosly published data (i.e., 30-40 minutes). As air speed, temperature and humidity increased, HLT decreased to ~40, 800 and 450 minutes, respectively. The results suggest that ozonation will be more effective in still air at low temperature and humidity (e.g., headspace ozonation of rail cars in the early spring) than at high flow rates of ozonated air at high temperature and humidity (e.g., grain storage silo in the middle of summer). Keywords: Ozone, Ozone concentration, Half-life time, Treatmen

Sharing the Sacred: A Tradition of Mormon Public Education in Kirtland, Ohio

The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints (LDS) has a strong tradition of promoting formal education. This includes several initiatives detailing, preserving, and sharing church history at sites of significance, setting these sites apart as sacred space. In summer 2015 I conducted eight weeks of ethnographic fieldwork at the Kirtland Historic Village, a recreated 19th century town in northeast Ohio. Historic Kirtland’s status as a sacred LDS space, coupled with its high operating costs and low non-LDS visitor attendance, raises the question of why the site stays open to the general public and free of admission. The use of historical material at the site and its narrative interpretation by sister missionaries reveal LDS investment in this local community. Material culture and stories are used to perform a consistent narrative about a wealthy patriarch that transformed a rural town into a thriving small city. The Kirtland Historic Village illustrates a fundamental social fact about the religious life of Mormons: reliving the past through present actions

Choosing the Best Direction of Printing for Additive Manufacturing Process in Medical Applications Using a New Geometric Complexity Model Based on Part CAD Data

Additive manufacturing processes is now experiencing significant growth and is at the origin of intense research activity (optimization of topology, biomedical applications, etc.). One of the characteristics of this method is that the geometric complexity is free. The complexity of a CAD model is also a field of research. The basic idea is that the complexity of a component has implications in design and especially in manufacturing. Indeed, industrial competitiveness in the mechanical field generated the need to produce increasingly complex systems and parts (in terms of geometry, topology ...). Part deposition orientation is also very important factor of additive manufacturing as it effects build time, support structure, dimensional accuracy, surface finish and cost of the part. A number of layered manufacturing process specific parameters and constraints have to be considered while deciding the part deposition orientation. Determination of an optimal part deposition orientation is a difficult and time consuming task as one has to trade-off among various contradicting objectives like part surface finish and build time. This paper describes and compares various attempts made to determine part deposition orientation of orthoses using geometric complexity model and part CAD information. (c) Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019