A proposed GMDSS module course for the Iranian maritime education and training system

The Global Maritime Distress and Safety System is in its transition period and will be -fully operational by 1999. It is inevitable and time is running by very fast, so it should be smoothly introduced in order to be able to fully implement it before the time comes. In fulfillment of this task one of the most important aspects is regarding the education and training of new personnel who can work with the new system. As the curricula of education and training of personnel working with the GMDSS system have been changed, the author proposes a complete set of General Operator’s Certificate (GOO course in this dissertation. The other relevant courses for GMDSS could also be developed from this proposal with slight changes, as the GOC embodies some other courses like Restricted Operator’s Certificate (ROC), or upgrading course for those who possess the Radio Telephony (R/T) certificate. The training institutes should be prepared for conducting such courses. This dissertation starts with a history of communication, to give the basis to the reader in better understanding the shortcomings of old communication systems to be able to follow the step by step development of the new GMDSS system. Following Chapters introduce the GMDSS and compare the new and old systems in qualification requirements aspect. The core of this dissertation is the proposal for the General Operator’s Certificate. Summing up the dissertation it is the author’s proposals to achieve the goal, which is Education and Training of the new personnel for the GMDSS syste

Holographic Complexity and Fidelity Susceptibility as Holographic Information Dual to Different Volumes in AdS

The holographic complexity and fidelity susceptibility have been defined as new quantities dual to different volumes in AdS. In this paper, we will use these new proposals to calculate both of these quantities for a variety of interesting deformations of AdS. We obtain the holographic complexity and fidelity susceptibility for an AdS black hole, Janus solution and a solution with cylindrically symmetry, an inhomogeneous background and a hyperscaling violating background. It is observed that the holographic complexity depends on the size of the subsystem for all these solutions and the fidelity susceptibility does not have any such dependence.Comment: Slighly updated version. Accepted for publication in Phys. Letters

El loro y el mercader

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Prevalence, Clinical Significance, and Management of Peripheral Arterial Disease in Women: Is There a Role for Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy?

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD), like coronary heart disease, is a clinical manifestation of atherosclerosis and is associated with increased mortality. Although atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death for women as well as for men, PAD in women has received less attention than coronary heart disease or stroke. This paper reviews the prevalence of PAD, its risk factors, clinical significance, and management in women. One gender-specific therapeutic issue of particular interest to practitioners and the lay public is the role of postmenopausal hormone therapy. Prior to completion of the Heart and Estrogen/Progestin Replacement Study and the Women's Health Initiative Hormone Trials, postmenopausal hormone therapy was believed to exert antiatherosclerotic effects and to thereby reduce coronary heart disease risk in women on the basis of case-control and cohort studies. This review particularly focuses on the role, if any, of postmenopausal hormone therapy for prevention or treatment of PAD, which was a pre-specified secondary outcome for these three randomized trials

The effect of home visits on quality of life of elderly having Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) discharged from Khalij Fars hospital in Bandar Abbas

Background and aims: According to the increasing prevalence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), and decreasing the quality of life these patients, the present study was aimed to investigate the effect of home visits on the quality of life of elderly suffering from COPD hospitalized in the Khalij Fars hospital of Bandar Abbas, Iran in 2015. Methods: The current quasi- experimental study was carried on in Khalij Fars hospital of Bandar Abbas, Iran on 62 elderly suffering from COPD with moderate intensity in 2015-2016 based on Spirometry results and the specialist`s recognition. The data collection tools were demographic questionnaire and quality of life questionnaire (SF-36). The data were analyzed by SPSS software, and using the independent T-test, and K2. Results: Based on results in the study, it was not observed a significant difference between two groups in terms of gender (P=0.793), marital status (P=0.998), habitation (P=0.704), education (P=0.145), and economic situation (P=0.605). There was a significant difference in the total score of the educated group compared to the none- educated group (P<0.0001), and the average score of the intervention groups before the test was 51.90 while this number increased to 66.73% after intervention. The rate of readmission was 66.7% in the control group and 57.4% in the case group. It shows that home visits have been effective in reducing re-hospitalization of elderly people (P=0.028). Conclusion: Regarding these findings, the education program along with home-visiting had improved the quality of life of elderly having Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary (COPD). Also, home visits aimed at maintaining health and independence of older people to prevent their disability after discharge from care facilities are considered a necessity

Validation of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale in an Iranian sample

Background: Considering the adverse effects of postpartum depression on both mother and infant, a screening instrument for early diagnosis seems to be of importance. Aims: To assess the psychometric properties of the Persian version of Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) on a sample of Iranian postpartum women. Method: The EPDS was translated and back-translated in the standard method. The questionnaire was completed by 600 postpartum women. Hundred cases with an EPDS score of �9 and 100 cases with an EPDS of <9 were randomly selected for interview. Sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, and receiver operating characteristics were calculated by comparing the EPDS sum score against the DSM-IV diagnoses. The correlation coefficient of the EPDS score with GHQ-12 score was calculated. Principal component analysis and internal consistency were assessed. Results: The best cutoff scores for major depression were 12=13 with a sensitivity and specificity of 95.3% and 87.9%, respectively. The correlation coefficient of the total score of the Persian version of EPDS with the GHQ-12 total score was 0.76 (P<0.001). A two-factor solution was selected as the most appropriate model based on both values and the score plot. The coefficient alpha for the whole scale was 0.83. Conclusion: The Persian version of EPDS is a reliable and valid measure for detecting postpartum depression. Furthermore, it seems acceptable to patients and a valid screening instrument for depression in postpartum women

Successful vaginal delivery of spontaneously conceived twins in each horn of a bicornuate uterus with previous caesarean: a case report

Mullerian duct fusion anomalies resulting in uterine malformations have prevalence of 3-4%. Among this, bicornuate uterus has a rare incidence of 0.4%. Uterine malformations pose significant threat in terms of obstetric outcomes. We report an extremely rare case of spontaneous conception of twin pregnancy with the fetus occupying each horn of a bicornuate uterus (bicornis unicollis), in a woman with a history of previous caesarean section. She was booked at our hospital and the pregnancy remained uneventful. At 35 weeks she went into spontaneous labour and delivered vaginally without any maternal-fetal complications. The case is unique and the management is worth discussing as till date no protocols or guidelines have been proposed for the mode of delivery of bicornuate uterus with twins with previous cesarean.  Only 12 cases of twins with bicornuate uterus have been reported till date. This is the first case in literature in which a successful VBAC has been conducted in a woman with bicornuate uterus with twins with previous caesarean