IMPLEMENTASI BIMBINGAN KONSELING ISLAM DI MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH SWASTA NURUL ARAFAH

Bimbingan Konseling Islam perlu diterapkan di MI/SD, karena pada era ini peserta didik memiliki masalah baik dalam akhlak maupun mengembangkan potensi yang dimilikinya. Di MIS Nurul Arafah sendiri masalah yang dihadapi yaitu kurang tertanamnya sifat disiplin pada peserta didik pada umumnya, seperti ribut ketika guru menjelaskan, lupa mengerjakan tugas, dan bertengkar dengan teman. MIS Nurul Arafah mengimplementasikan bimbingan konseling Islam dengan cara menyelipkan layanannya ke dalam mata pelajaran ada, hal ini dikarenakan di MIS Nurul Arafah tidak memiliki mata pelajaran khusus BKI. Layanan yang diimplementasikan di MIS Nurul Arafah mencakup 4 jenis yaitu: 1) layanan dasar bimbingan; 2) layanan responsif; 3) layananperencanaan individual; dan 4) layanan dukungan sistem. Dalam hal ini yang berperan menjadi konselor adalah kepala sekolah dan wali kelas.Kata Kunci : Madrasah Ibtidaiyah, Bimbingan Konseling Islam, Implementasi

FORMULATION DOSAGE FORM OF TABLET CONTAINING KEPEL LEAF EXTRACT (Stelechocarpus burahol (Blume) Hook.f & Thomson) AS AN ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS

Pharmaceutical dosage form that contains herbal materials has been developed in order to make it easy to consume. Tablet is one of pharmaceutical dosage form that generally used. A formulation and antimicrobial test of tablet containing extract of Kepel leaf with different concentration of diluents, binders, and disintegrants has been studied. The evaluation test showed that formulation consist of  25 % of Kepel leaf extract, 64.5 % of avicel PH 102, 2 % of PVP, 7 % of amprotab, 0.5 % of aerosil, and 1 % of talcum are better than the others. The experimental method used in this study was wet granulation. From the result of the mass granulation evaluation, it was obtain that speed flow without vibration was 2.53 second, with vibration was 2.83 second, bulk density was 0.329 g/mL, taped density was 0.376 g/mL and compressibility was 12.65 %. The result of tablet evaluation obtained that the average weight was 498 mg, with the average hardness was 4 kg/cm2 and disintegration time was 2.36 minutes. Antimicrobial test showed that in the concentration of 50 mg/mL, had average inhibitory diameter against S. aureus of 12.96 mm, P. aeruginosa 12.7 mm, and against B. subtilis was 12.53 mm. Whereas, concentration of 62.5 mg/mL had average inhibitory diameter against S. aureus was 13.5 mm, P. aeruginosa was 13.56 mm, and against B. subtilis was 13.43 mm. Both concentrations did not have antimicrobial activity against E.coli.

ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY TEST OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF WHITE AND RED FLESH FROM GUAVA LEAF ( Psidium guajava. L) AGAINTS Staphylococcus aureus AND Escherichia coli

An antibacterial activity test of ethanol extract of white and red flesh from guava leaf (Psidium guajava. L) against S.aureus and E.coli; using agar diffusion method was carried out in order to produce the extract. The extract was collected using maceration method. The concentration of extract was 7,8125; 6,1035; 5,00; 4,8828; 4,3944; and 3,90625 mg/mL. The results showed that both of extracts had antibacterial activities. Ethanol extract of white flesh of fruit guava leaf had (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) MIC value at 5.000 mg/mL against S.aureus and 4.8828 mg/mL against E.coli. Whereas ethanol extract of red flesh of fruit guava leaf had MIC value at 4.3944 mg/mL against S.aureus and E.coli.  MIC value of ethanol extract of white flesh of fruit guava leaf is equal with MIC value of clindamicin concentration at 3.00 µg/mL against S.aureus, and 1.00 µg/mL against E.coli. The MIC value of red flesh of fruit guava leaf is equal to the MIC value of clindamicin concentration at 3.00 µg/mL against S.aureus, and 1.00 µg/mL against E.coli

ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY TEST OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF WHITE AND RED FLESH FROM GUAVA LEAF ( Psidium guajava. L) AGAINTS Staphylococcus aureus AND Escherichia coli

An antibacterial activity test of ethanol extract of white and red flesh from guava leaf (Psidium guajava. L) against S.aureus and E.coli; using agar diffusion method was carried out in order to produce the extract. The extract was collected using maceration method. The concentration of extract was 7,8125; 6,1035; 5,00; 4,8828; 4,3944; and 3,90625 mg/mL. The results showed that both of extracts had antibacterial activities. Ethanol extract of white flesh of fruit guava leaf had (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) MIC value at 5.000 mg/mL against S.aureus and 4.8828 mg/mL against E.coli. Whereas ethanol extract of red flesh of fruit guava leaf had MIC value at 4.3944 mg/mL against S.aureus and E.coli.  MIC value of ethanol extract of white flesh of fruit guava leaf is equal with MIC value of clindamicin concentration at 3.00 µg/mL against S.aureus, and 1.00 µg/mL against E.coli. The MIC value of red flesh of fruit guava leaf is equal to the MIC value of clindamicin concentration at 3.00 µg/mL against S.aureus, and 1.00 µg/mL against E.coli

Antibacterial Activity of Citronella Essential Oil from Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle) Against Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Irrational antibiotic use in the treatment of infectious diseases can result in the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains, such as Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The purpose of this study is to determine the physical properties of citronella essential oil (Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle) and to assess its antibacterial activity against MRSA. Citronella essential oil was extracted using a water-steam distillation method, yielding 0.5 percent. Citronella essential oil has a specific gravity of 0.904, a refractive index of 1.470, and is slightly soluble in 80 percent ethanol. All of these parameters were in accordance with the Indonesian Standard Requirement (SNI) for Citronella essential oil. The disc diffusion assay was used to test the antibacterial activity of this Citronella essential oil. The result indicated that Citronella essential oil has an activity to inhibit MRSA invitro

¬Potensi Biduri [Calotropis gigantea (L.) W.T. Aiton] sebagai Tanaman Obat

Calotropis gigantea (L.) W.T. Aiton or known as Biduri in Indonesia has been used in traditional medicine as an anti-inflammatory, antitoxin and antipyretic. This plant is often found in hot and arid climates. Research on the potential of this plant has not been done much in Indonesia. This article aims to examine the potential of Biduri as a source of medicinal plants. The study was carried out by reviewing research literatures of the botanical plants both sourced from international and national journals. The results of the study indicate that various types of extracts from the biduri plant have therapeutic activities for further development. The phytochemical testing and isolation has also been carried out to look for active substances that play a role in the pharmacological activity being tested. Based on the studies that have been carried out, biduri plants have great potential to be researched and further developed to become one of the sources of medicinal plants in Indonesia.Calotropis gigantea (L.) W.T. Aiton atau yang dikenal dengan nama Biduri di Indonesia telah digunakan dalam pengobatan tradisional sebagai antiinflamasi, antitoksin, dan antipiretik. Tanaman ini sering dijumpai di daerah yang beriklim panas dan gersang. Penelitian tentang potensi tanaman ini belum banyak dilakukan di Indonesia. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menelaah potensi tanaman biduri sebagai sumber tanaman obat. Penelaahan dilakukan dengan mengkaji literatur penelitian tanaman biduri baik yang bersumber dari jurnal internasional maupun nasional. Hasil telaah menunjukkan bahwa berbagai jenis ekstrak dari tanaman biduri memiliki potensi terapeutik untuk dikembangkan lebih lanjut. Terhadap ekstrak-ekstrak tersebut juga telah dilakukan pengujian dan isolasi fitokimia untuk mencari zat aktif yang berperan dalam aktivitas farmakologi yang diuji. Berdasarkan telaah yang telah dilakukan, tanaman biduri memiliki potensi yang besar untuk diteliti dan dikembangkan lebih lanjut menjadi salah satu sumber tanaman obat di Indonesia

Aktivitas Antimikroba Jangjingki (Oxalis corniculata L.) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Staphylococcus Aureus, Escherichia coli Dan Jamur Candida albicans

Jangjingki (Oxalis corniculata L.) is a plant from Oxalidaceae that has potential as a natural antimicrobial agent. The purpose of this research is to see the antimicrobial activity of methanol extract of jangjingki against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and Candida albicans ATCC 10231. The thick extract of jangjingki was obtained by the maceration method with methanol solvent. At the same time, the antimicrobial activity test on S. aureus and E. Coli bacteria was carried out using the hole diffusion method. The simplicia characterization showed 7.17% water, 9.68% of total ash, 11.67% water-soluble extract, and 9.17% of the ethanol-soluble section. At the same time, the methanol extract of jangjingki characterization showed 22.5% of water, 10.16% of total ash, 55.83% water-soluble extract, and 62.91% of the ethanol-soluble section. Phytochemical test results showed that the methanol extract of jangjingki contains alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, and steroids. The results of the antimicrobial activity test with variations in the concentration of jangjingki methanol extract 15, 20, 30, and 40% on S. aureus and E. Coli bacteria showed growth inhibition activity of these two bacteria, the largest diameter of the inhibition zone was formed when the extract was given a concentration of 40% with a diameter of the area. Resistance of 8,07 mm and 11 mm, respectively. Meanwhile, the test results of inhibition of growth of the fungus C. Albicans by presenting variations in the concentration of jangjingki methanol extract of 5, 10, 15, and 20% could not inhibit the growth fungus C. Albicans.Jangjingki (Oxalis corniculata L.) salah satu tumbuhan dari famili Oxalidaceae yang berpotensi sebagai antimikroba alami. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk melihat aktivitas antimikroba ekstrak metanol jangjingki terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, dan jamur Candida albicans ATCC 10231. Ekstrak diperoleh melalui metode maserasi dan uji aktivitas antimikroba dengan metode difusi sumuran. Hasil karakterisasi simplisia menunjukkan kadar air sebesar 7,17%, kadar abu total 9,68%, kadar sari larut air 11,67%, dan kadar sari larut etanol 9,17% Sementara karakterisasi ekstrak menunjukkan kadar air sebesar 22,5%, kadar abu total 10,16%, kadar sari larut air 55,83%, dan kadar sari larut etanol 62,91%. Uji fitokimia ekstrak jangjingki mengandung senyawa alkaloid, saponin, flavonoid, tanin, dan steroid. Hasil uji aktivitas antimikroba dengan variasi konsentrasi ekstrak metanol jangjingki 15, 20, 30 dan 40% pada  bakteri S. Aureus dan E. Coli menunjukkan aktifitas penghambatan pertumbuhan kedua bakteri tersebut, diameter zona hambat terbesar terbentuk pada pemberian ekstrak dengan konsentrasi 40% dengan diameter zona hambat berturut-turut sebesar 8,07 mm dan 11 mm. Sedangkan hasil uji aktifitas penghambatan pertumbuhan jamur C. Albicans dengan pemberian variasi konsentrasi ekstrak metanol jangjingki  sebesar 5, 10, 15, dan 20% tidak dapat menghambat pertumbuhan jamur C. albicans