Sistema educativo en ’Uweni Muyewe

En este proyecto se describe el sistema educativo del bachillerato intercultural Takutsi Niukieya, ubicado en la comunidad originaria ‘Uweni Muyewe. Con el objetivo de optimizar este sistema, se presentan sus beneficios y las áreas que podrían ser mejoradas.ITESO, A.C

Solución con calidad y reducción de tiempo clínico en prótesis bucal. Reporte de un caso

Patients who require extensive rehabilitation are sometimes difficult to treat due to time and repeated visits to the health institution. We report a clinical case with these characteristics, which presented, in all the remaining teeth, considerable bone loss due to serious periodontal injuries and dental caries, in need of multiple dental extractions in oral surgery and rapid total prosthetic rehabilitation immediately, as there was limited time to treat. The patient could not be rehabilitated with dental implants under these conditions. To achieve this purpose, an immediate prosthesis was indicated, where treatment stages are grouped, to reduce the time of the usual procedure, without neglecting quality. A work was carried out according to the aesthetic-functional demands of the patient, grouping the steps of oral surgery and the preparation and installation of an immediate prosthesis, in a reduced time.Los pacientes que precisan rehabilitaciones extensas, en ocasiones, se les dificulta el tratamiento por el tiempo y visitas repetidas a la institución de salud. Reportamos un caso clínico con estas características, que presentaba, en todos los dientes remanentes considerable pérdida ósea por lesiones periodontales graves y caries dental, necesitado de extracciones dentarias múltiples en cirugía bucal y rápida rehabilitación protésica total de forma inmediata, pues disponía limitado tiempo para tratarse. Al paciente no era posible rehabilitar con implantes dentarios bajo estas condiciones. Para lograr este propósito se indicó prótesis inmediata, donde se agrupan etapas del tratamiento, para disminuir tiempo del procedimiento habitual, sin descuidar la calidad. Se logró un trabajo acorde a las exigencias estético-funcionales del paciente, agrupando los pasos de la cirugía bucal y la confección e instalación prótesis inmediata, en tiempo reducido

Utilización del Apafill - G en defectos óseos residuales. The use of APAFILL-G in residual osseous defects

Este trabajo surge de a coordinación entre los Servicios de Cirugía Máxilo - Facial de dos Hospitales Provinciales Clínico - Quirúrgicos de Pinar del Río con el Centro de Biomateriales de la Universidad de la Habana, con el objetivo de evaluar el Apafill - G como material de implante en el relleno de cavidades óseas residuales en maxilares y mandíbula. El estudio fue prospectivo desde noviembre 1998 hasta septiembre 1999, en 50 pacientes con defectos óseos causados por diferentes patologías, los cuales fueron restituidos con la introducción del biomaterial para promover la regeneración ósea, habiéndose examinado y evaluado clínica y radiográficamente a los 7 - 15 días del tratamiento quirúrgico y a las 17 y 34 semanas, obteniéndose el 98,0 % de eficacia demostrándose que el Apafill - G presenta excelente biocompatibilidad, bioactividad y oesteoconducción en el sitio implantado. El 2,0 % de fracaso no se debió a reacciones adversas. DeCS: APAFILL - G/ biocompatibilidad, osteoconductor, bioactividad. ABSTRACT The study was conducted between the Maxilofacial Surgery Departments from the two Provincial General Hospitals in Pinar del Río and the Biomaterials Center, University of Havana, aimed to assess G - Apafill as an implant material for the filling of residual bone cavities in maxilla and mandible. From November 1998 to September 1999 the study was prospective on 50 patients suffering from bone defects caused by different pathologies which were restored with biomaterial to remove bone regeneration. Defects were tested and assessed clinically and radiologically 7-15 days and 17-34 weeks post surgical procedure and obtaining and effectiveness (98,0 %) and it was demostrated that G - Apafill presents an excellent biocompatibility, bioactivity and osteoconduction at the implantation site. Failure (2,0 %) was not due to side effects. DeCS: G - APAFILL/ biocompatibility, osteoconductor, bioactivity

Utilización del Apafill - G en defectos óseos residuales. The use of APAFILL-G in residual osseous defects

Este trabajo surge de a coordinación entre los Servicios de Cirugía Máxilo - Facial de dos Hospitales Provinciales Clínico - Quirúrgicos de Pinar del Río con el Centro de Biomateriales de la Universidad de la Habana, con el objetivo de evaluar el Apafill - G como material de implante en el relleno de cavidades óseas residuales en maxilares y mandíbula. El estudio fue prospectivo desde noviembre 1998 hasta septiembre 1999, en 50 pacientes con defectos óseos causados por diferentes patologías, los cuales fueron restituidos con la introducción del biomaterial para promover la regeneración ósea, habiéndose examinado y evaluado clínica y radiográficamente a los 7 - 15 días del tratamiento quirúrgico y a las 17 y 34 semanas, obteniéndose el 98,0 % de eficacia demostrándose que el Apafill - G presenta excelente biocompatibilidad, bioactividad y oesteoconducción en el sitio implantado. El 2,0 % de fracaso no se debió a reacciones adversas. DeCS: APAFILL - G/ biocompatibilidad, osteoconductor, bioactividad. ABSTRACT The study was conducted between the Maxilofacial Surgery Departments from the two Provincial General Hospitals in Pinar del Río and the Biomaterials Center, University of Havana, aimed to assess G - Apafill as an implant material for the filling of residual bone cavities in maxilla and mandible. From November 1998 to September 1999 the study was prospective on 50 patients suffering from bone defects caused by different pathologies which were restored with biomaterial to remove bone regeneration. Defects were tested and assessed clinically and radiologically 7-15 days and 17-34 weeks post surgical procedure and obtaining and effectiveness (98,0 %) and it was demostrated that G - Apafill presents an excellent biocompatibility, bioactivity and osteoconduction at the implantation site. Failure (2,0 %) was not due to side effects. DeCS: G - APAFILL/ biocompatibility, osteoconductor, bioactivity

CsCuCl3 perovskite-like compound under extreme conditions

Halide perovskite has attracted intense research interest owing to its multifaceted and versatile applications in optoelectronics. This intrigue is further fueled by their propensity to undergo intricate structural modifications under extreme conditions, thereby instigating property changes. Within this context, our study delves deep into the intricate interplay of structural and vibrational attributes within the inorganic-metal halide perovskite-like CsCuCl3. Our approach employs Raman spectroscopy and Synchrotron Powder X-Ray Diffraction (SPXRD) techniques harnessed under the dual conditions of low temperatures and high pressures. We have observed a distinct spin-phonon coupling mechanism by employing Raman spectroscopy at low temperatures; this coupling has been manifested as a renormalization phonon phenomenon that occurs notably at T* = 15 K. The correlation between spin and phonon dynamics becomes pronounced through a notable hardening of phonon temperature dependence, a behavior intricately linked to the material antiferromagnetic transition at TN = 10.7 K. The SPXRD under high pressure showed a first-order structural phase transition (SPT) at the critical pressure Pc = 3.69 GPa, leading to the transformation from the hexagonal P6522 to a base-centered monoclinic cell. Notably, the coexistence of both phases is discernible within the pressure range from 2.79 to 3.57 GPa, indicating that the SPT involves the reorganization of the internal [Cu2Cl9]5- dimer unit, with the Cl-Cu-Cl bending contributing more than stretching modes. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the SPT is reversible, but residual strain pressure influences the modification of the critical pressure Pc value upon pressure decrease.Comment: 27 pages, 8 figure

Is ultra-violet radiation the main force shaping molecular evolution of varicella-zoster virus?

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Varicella (chickenpox) exhibits a characteristic epidemiological pattern which is associated with climate. In general, primary infections in tropical regions are comparatively less frequent among children than in temperate regions. This peculiarity regarding varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection among certain age groups in tropical regions results in increased susceptibility during adulthood in these regions. Moreover, this disease shows a cyclic behavior in which the number of cases increases significantly during winter and spring. This observation further supports the participation of environmental factors in global epidemiology of chickenpox. However, the underlying mechanisms responsible for this distinctive disease behavior are not understood completely. In a recent publication, Philip S. Rice has put forward an interesting hypothesis suggesting that ultra-violet (UV) radiation is the major environmental factor driving the molecular evolution of VZV.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>While we welcomed the attempt to explain the mechanisms controlling VZV transmission and distribution, we argue that Rice's hypothesis takes lightly the circulation of the so called "temperate VZV genotypes" in tropical regions and, to certain degree, overlooks the predominance of such lineages in certain non-temperate areas. Here, we further discuss and present new information about the overwhelming dominance of temperate VZV genotypes in Mexico regardless of geographical location and climate.</p> <p>Summary</p> <p>UV radiation does not satisfactorily explain the distribution of VZV genotypes in different tropical and temperate regions of Mexico. Additionally, the cyclic behavior of varicella does not shown significant differences between regions with different climates in the country. More studies should be conducted to identify the factors directly involved in viral spreading. A better understanding of the modes of transmissions exploited by VZV and their effect on viral fitness is likely to facilitate the implementation of preventive measures for disease control.</p

Etiology of acute respiratory infection in children under 5 years in the provinces Comunera and García Rovira of Santander

Introducción: La infección respiratoria aguda es una causa importante de morbimortalidad en menores&nbsp;de cinco años en los municipios de las provincias de Santander. La etiología viral en esos municipios&nbsp;no es bien conocida. Objetivo: El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la etiología viral de la infección&nbsp;respiratoria aguda en menores de cinco años en las provincias Comunera y García Rovira del departamento&nbsp;de Santander entre diciembre de 2012 y diciembre de 2013. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo&nbsp;en población usuaria de servicios de urgencias. Se obtuvieron muestras por hisopado nasofaríngeo y se&nbsp;realizó amplificación por reacción en cadena de polimerasa con el test Seeplex® RV15 OneStep ACE&nbsp;Detection, multiplex para 15 virus. Resultados: Participaron 64 niños, 57,8% niños de sexo masculino.&nbsp;El 26,6%, de los niños eran menores de un año. La positividad para virus fue del 37,5% de las muestras. El&nbsp;75% de las muestras positivas fueron de la provincia Comunera y 25% de la provincia de García Rovira.&nbsp;Hubo co-infección por dos virus en 8,3% de las muestras positivas. Los virus más identificados fueron&nbsp;Rhinovirus (29%), Parainfluenza 4 (20,8%) e Influenza (12,5%). También se identificó Coronavirus,&nbsp;Adenovirus, Virus Sincitial Respiratorio, Metapneumovirus y otros virus Parainfluenza. Conclusiones:&nbsp;En las dos provincias de Santander evaluadas circula una amplia cantidad de virus respiratorios en&nbsp;menores de cinco años. El Rhinovirus fue identificado como el más frecuente. Se encontró presencia de&nbsp;Metapneumovirus y Coronavirus humano.Introduction: Acute respiratory infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children under 5 years&nbsp;in Santander (Colombia). Viral etiology in municipalities from this department is not well known. Objective: To&nbsp;determine the viral etiology of acute respiratory infection in children under five years in the provinces Comunera&nbsp;and García Rovira (Santander) from December 2012 to December 2013. Methodology: Descriptive study in&nbsp;pediatric population who attended the emergency services studied. Nasopharyngeal swab samples were obtained&nbsp;and a polymerase chain reaction was performed with Seeplex® OneStep RV15 ACE Detection, which is a multiplex&nbsp;test for 15 virus. Results: 64 children were enrolled, 57,8% being boys. 26.6% of participants were under one&nbsp;year. Virus positivity was present in 37.5% of the samples and 75% of the positive samples were from the province&nbsp;Comunera. Besides, 8.3% from positive samples were co-infected with two viruses. The most common virus&nbsp;were Rhinovirus (29%), Parainfluenza 4 (20.8%) and influenza (12.5%). Coronavirus, Adenovirus, respiratory&nbsp;syncytial virus, Metapneumovirus and other Parainfluenza virus were also identified. Conclusions: There is&nbsp;a wide circulation of respiratory virus in children under five in these two provinces of Santander (Colombia).&nbsp;Rhinovirus was the most frequent. Human Metapneumovirus and Coronavirus were also found

Evaluation of biological control strategies for polyphagotarsonemus latus (banks) and phyllocoptruta oleivora (ashmead) on valencia orange

The damage caused by P. latus and P. oleivora mites in the orange crop Valencia (Citrus sinensis L.) has an economical detrimental impact due to the external damage of the fruits. To evaluate the effect of biological control agents for these two pests, this work was carried out in a commercial crop in Caicedonia, Valle del Cauca, Colombia. The experimental design consisted of a randomized complete block, in which the following treatments were evaluated: (1) release of Phytoseiidae native species: Neoseiulus anonymus, Neoseiulus californicus, Iphiseiodes zuluagai and Amblyseius herbicolus (500 individuals / tree); (2) release of Chrysoperla carnea larvae (100 larvae/tree); (3) exclusion of beneficial agents (localized application of cypermethrin 2 cm3/l) and (4) farmer control (localized application of abamectin, 1.5 cm3/l). The releases and applications of the treatments were made on marked floral clusters and fruits in the middle third of each tree. Evaluations were made weekly until harvest time. For management of P. latus it was found that the treatments Phytoseiidae release, C. carnea release and abamectin application showed the least damage; exclusion of the beneficial agents demonstrated the importance of the natural control agents on this pest. For management of P. oleivora, C. carnea release and abamectin application showed the least damage. In release treatments of Phytoseiidae native species and the exclusion of beneficial agents, P. oleivora caused significant damage.El daño ocasionado por los ácaros Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) y Phyllocoptruta oleivora (Ashmead) en el cultivo de naranja Valencia (Citrus sinensis L.) es reconocido tanto por el impacto económico como por el dao externo de los frutos. En este trabajo se evaluó el efecto de agentes biológicos para el control de estas plagas en un cultivo comercial de naranja Valencia en el municipio de Caicedonia, Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Se usó un diseo de bloques completos al azar para evaluar los tratamientos siguientes: (1) liberación de especies de Phytoseiidae nativos (Neoseiulus anonymus,Neoseiulus californicus, Iphiseiodes zuluagai y Amblyseius herbicolus en poblaciones de 500 individuos/árbol; (2) liberación de larvas de Chrysoperla carnea (100 larvas/árbol); (3) aplicación localizada de cipermetrina 2 cm3/l como tratamiento de exclusión de agentes benéficos; y (4) testigo consistente en el tratamiento utilizado por los agricultores (aplicación localizada de abamectina, 1.5 cm3/l). Las liberaciones de las especies benéficas y las aplicaciones de los tratamientos se realizaron sobre racimos florales y frutos marcados en el tercio medio de cada árbol. Las evaluaciones de daos se realizaron cada semana hasta la cosecha. Los tratamientos de liberación de Phytoseiidae, liberación de larvas de C. carnea y aplicación de abamectina presentaron el menor dao de P. latus; el tratamiento de exclusión de benéficos demostró la importancia de los agentes controladores naturales sobre la plaga. En el manejo de P. oleivora, los tratamientos de liberación de larvas de C. carnea y aplicación de abamectina presentaron los mejores resultados con el menor dao en frutos. La población de P. oleivora ocasionó daos significativos en el tratamiento de liberación de ácaros Phytoseiidae y exclusión de benéficos

Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection