Descrição da agenda para intensificação da atenção nutricional à desnutrição infantil e suas metas nos municípios brasileiros

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, 2014.A desnutrição infantil é uma doença de natureza multifatorial com grande relação com a pobreza, e que permanece como uma das principais responsáveis pelos óbitos infantis nos países em desenvolvimento. Com vistas a impulsionar o enfrentamento da desnutrição em municípios brasileiros com maior prevalência deste agravo em crianças menores de cinco anos de idade, o Ministério da Saúde (MS) instituiu a Agenda para Intensificação da Atenção Nutricional à Desnutrição (ANDI), por meio da pactuação de metas voltadas qualificação de ações de atenção à saúde da criança e de organização da atenção nutricional na Rede de Atenção à Saúde. O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever a ANDI, caracterizando os municípios partícipes quanto ao perfil e identificando os elementos potencializadores e limitadores do cumprimento das metas pactuadas. Foi realizado um estudo transversal utilizando a base de dados secundários do MS, onde foram incluídos todos os 212 municípios que compõem a Agenda e as três metas obrigatórias pactuadas para o ano de 2013. Também foram utilizadas informações provenientes do formulário eletrônico aplicado pelo MS aos gestores municipais, que trata da implementação da ANDI. Observou-se que grande parte dos municípios contemplados pela ANDI situa-se Região Nordeste (42,5%) e cerca de 90% tem população residente menor que 40 mil habitantes, além de apresentarem alta cobertura de Atenção Básica e de acompanhamento das condicionalidades de saúde do Programa Bolsa Família (PBF). Cerca de 65% dos municípios estudados possuem mais que 20% da sua população em situação de extrema pobreza. Em 2013, observa-se que 68,9% dos municípios cumpriram a meta de cobertura do Sisvan; 60,8% cumpriram a meta mínima de cobertura do PBF e 42,9% cumpriram ambas as metas. Já a meta de investigação de casos de crianças desnutridas foi cumprida por apenas 9% dos municípios, implicando em somente 5,7% dos municípios terem cumprido todas as metas da Agenda. Entre as variáveis que contribuíram simultaneamente para o bom desempenho dos municípios no acompanhamento nutricional do Sisvan e no acompanhamento das condicionalidades de saúde das famílias beneficiárias do Programa Bolsa Família estava o menor porte populacional, localização na Região Nordeste, utilização recurso repassado e apresentar maior cobertura da Atenção Básica. Conclui-se que o monitoramento do desempenho municípios na Agenda é ação essencial para contribuir com a efetividade desta, permitindo compreender seu processo de implementação e identificar os fatores que possam ter dificultado sua execução, possibilitando que outras estratégias sejam elaboradas de acordo com realidade e limitações desses municípios para o próximo ciclo de avaliação. ___________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTChild malnutrition is a multifactorial disease with great relationship with poverty, and that remains one of the main responsible for infant deaths in developing countries. In order to boost the coping of malnutrition in municipalities with a higher prevalence of this disease in children under five years of age, the Ministry of Health (MOH) established the agenda for Intensification of Nutritional Counseling Malnutrition (ANDI), through pacts goals aimed at qualifying shares attention to child health and the organization of nutritional care in the Health Care Network. objective of this work is to describe the ANDI, featuring participants municipalities and identifying enhancers and elements limiting the achievement of goals agreed. A cross-sectional study using secondary data base of MS, where we included all 212 municipalities that make up the Agenda and the three agreed binding targets for the year 2013 was carried out information from the electronic form used by MS were also used to managers municipal, dealing with the implementation of Agenda. It was observed that most municipalities covered by ANDI is located Northeast (42.5%) and about 90% have less than 40 000 inhabitants resident population, in addition to having high coverage of Primary Care and monitoring of conditionalities health of the Bolsa Família Program (BFP). About 65% of the municipalities studied have more than 20% of its population living in extreme poverty. In 2013, it was observed that 68.9% of the municipalities met the goal of coverage Sisvan; 60.8% met the minimum target of covering GMP and 42.9% met both goals. Since the goal of investigating cases of malnourished children was fulfilled by only 9% of the municipalities, resulting in only 5.7% of the municipalities have fulfilled all the goals of Agenda. Among the variables that simultaneously contributed to the good performance of municipalities in the Sisvan nutritional counseling and monitoring of health conditionalities of the beneficiary families of the Bolsa Família Program was the lowest population size, location in the Northeast, using passed resource and provide greater coverage of Primary Care. We conclude that performance monitoring municipalities in Agenda is essential action to contribute to the effectiveness of this, allowing us to understand the implementation process and to identify factors that may have hindered its execution, enabling other strategies limitations are prepared in accordance with reality and these municipalities for the next evaluation cycle

ATLANTIC ANTS: a data set of ants in Atlantic Forests of South America

International audienc

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora

Growing knowledge: an overview of Seed Plant diversity in Brazil

Abstract An updated inventory of Brazilian seed plants is presented and offers important insights into the country's biodiversity. This work started in 2010, with the publication of the Plants and Fungi Catalogue, and has been updated since by more than 430 specialists working online. Brazil is home to 32,086 native Angiosperms and 23 native Gymnosperms, showing an increase of 3% in its species richness in relation to 2010. The Amazon Rainforest is the richest Brazilian biome for Gymnosperms, while the Atlantic Rainforest is the richest one for Angiosperms. There was a considerable increment in the number of species and endemism rates for biomes, except for the Amazon that showed a decrease of 2.5% of recorded endemics. However, well over half of Brazillian seed plant species (57.4%) is endemic to this territory. The proportion of life-forms varies among different biomes: trees are more expressive in the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest biomes while herbs predominate in the Pampa, and lianas are more expressive in the Amazon, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pantanal. This compilation serves not only to quantify Brazilian biodiversity, but also to highlight areas where there information is lacking and to provide a framework for the challenge faced in conserving Brazil's unique and diverse flora