Rate, ratio and amount of annual discards in commercial trawl net in northwestern part of the Persian Gulf (Khuzestan Coastal Waters)

The main goal of this study was estimating discards of trawl nets in north western part of the Persian Gulf. Data were collected from fishing boats in fishing areas of Khuzestan from October 2011 to September 2012 with collaboration of fishery office. Discard samples include 101 species from 61 families which are 39.5% of commercial catch and 60.4% of non-commercial catches. Rayfish and catfish have been observed in most fishing nets. The average size of bony fishes in discard samples was lower than 15 cm. Total weights of discards was estimated about 1109 tons per year. Total weight of commercial fishes with small size in discards was estimated 2736 tones. The rate and proportion of discards in total catch of trawl was estimated 0.5 and 1.03 respectively. Osteichthyes with 70 species and 50.7% of trawl catch has the highest percentage of discards in trawl nets. High rate of small fishes in commercially important species of discards is probably due to nursery role of Khuzestan coastal waters

Investigation of non red tide occurrence causes in Khuzestan coastal waters

The monitoring of the harmful Alga blooms (Red tide) in the Khuzestan coastal waters Provinces was carried out monthly at 5 stations during 2010 to 2011. The results revealed that, Coclodinum polykrikoides blooms was not occurred during investigation times, Phytoplankton composition species were included of 45 species of diatoms (%91), 9 species of Dinoflgellates (7. 52%) and Cyanophytes with one species (1.88%). Furthermore significant different values of nutrients were recorded. Different values of NH4 were measured for different months. In total, the measured ratio of N: P in all months were lower than Redfield Ratio (16:1) in which subsequently the environmental condition was not suitable for bloom of C. polykrikoides

Status of the tiger tooth croaker, Otolithes ruber (Schneider, 1801) and jinga shrimp, Metapenaeus affinis(H. Milne Edwards, 1837) stocks in Khouzestan coastal waters

Population dynamics parameters and exploitation ratio of Jinga Shrimp, Metapenaeus affinis were studied from Sep 2011 to Dec 2011 and data collected from two landing places (Hendijan and Lifee-Bosif). During the project, more than 2200 specimens of jinga shrimp were measured. The mean value of length for the male and female were calculated as 9.8±0.86, 10.24±1.18 and mean value of weight for the male and female was as 6.730±1.64, 8.14±2.90 respectively. The length-weight relation were calculated as TW=0.024TL2.24 (n=1084,R^2=0.71) for males, TW=0.011TL2.80 (n=1081,R^2= 0.81) for females also we found significant different level length-weight relation in P<0.05. The growth parameters of von Bertalanffy equation were as, L_∞: 14.73 and K: 1.1 and t0: -0.02. The estimated valve of total mortality, natural mortality, fishing mortality and exploitation ratio is Z: 4.35, M: 1.68, F: 2.67, E: 0.61 respectively. By using method analyses knife-edge selection, relative yield per recruitment (Y'/R) :0.014, relative biomass per recruitment, (B'/R) :0.085., Exploitation ratio maximum sustainable yield, Emax : 0.38; biological reference points for Jinga Shrimp stock was calculated. MSY and fmsy value was 600T and 46100day respectively. Result in this study showed exploitation ratio Jinga Shrimp stock is over fishing and decreases exploitation ratio proposed

An investigation of annual discards of the trawlers and gillnet in Khuzestan coastal water, northwest Persian Gulf

The main objective of this study was to describe and estimate the seasonal pattern of discarded fish in the waters of the Persian Gulf coast in Khuzestan. Data were collected from the fishing dhow with Khuzestan Fisheries partnership in fishing areas of Lifeh, Boseif, Khure-mussa and Bahrakan from October 2011 to September 2012. Discarded fish samples were included 109 species from 67 families, nearly 40 percent commercial and 60 percent of non-commercial species. Rayfish and catfish have been observed in most fishing nets. Average sizes of most species particularly bony fish were under 15 cm. The amount of discarded fish per unit of fishing effort was not significantly different between seasons. The highest portion of the catch belongs to rayfishes. Total discarded fishes of gillnets were estimated 3162 tones. Total weight of commercial fishes with small size in discarded fish was estimated 225 tones. The rate and ratio of discarded fish in total catch of gillnet was estimated 0.23 and 0.31 respectively. Chondrichthyes with 12 species and 60% of gillnet catch has the highest percentage of discarded fish of gillnet. High number of commercial species with small size could be due to nursery role of Khuzestan coastal waters. Trawl net has more impact on type and amount of discarded fish than moving gill net. According to different aquatic groups, the highest percentage of protein (77.84±2.088) in Perciformes belongs to Eupleurogrammus muticus and the lowest percentage (40.40±0.322) belongs to Liza klunzingeri, the most percentage of lipid was in Liza klunzingeri (33.78±0.277) and the lowest percentage was in Grammoplites suppositus (3.34±0.025), the highest and lowest percentage of ash (minerals) were in Cynoglossus arel and Acanthocephola abbreviate (28.14±.377) and oligo duvauceli (0.7±0.02) respectively. Therefore discarded fish have great potential in fulfilling nutritional requirements as fresh food (minimally processed) and with nutritional additives in forms of fish powder and fish oil and it can play an effective role in aquaculture development in the region

Study on possible rehabilitation and recovery of Bandar Emam Region by reducing Nickel and Iron environmental pollutant using microorganisms

Influx of metallic pollutants such as iron and nickel into marine environment has been increased drastically in current era. Due to its harmful effects on living organisms, the aim of current thesis was isolation and identification of microorganisms which could reduce iron and nickel. In order to isolate bacterial strains resistant to iron and nickel, deposit samples were collected from five stations in Imam Khomeini Port cultured on BHI agar medium containing 1000 ppm of iron and 50 ppm of nickel and incubated for 24 hours in 30 oC. Endurance threshold of strains isolated to different concentrations of iron (1000- 15000 ppm) and nickel (100- 25000 ppm) in BHI broth medium were evaluated, the most resistant strains were selected and MIC and MBC were determined. Growth curve of selected strains in the presence and absence of iron and nickel were assessed by turbidity method. Along with above mentioned process, removal amount of metal by living cells and dead biomasses of selected strains were assessed by atomic absorption analysis and then 16S rRNA method was used to identify and approve the selected strains. Results of the current study were demonstrated that among of 16 and 12 resistant strains to nickel and iron, two selected strains (number16 and 7) as the most resistant strains had MIC and MBC (29800 and 29700) and (26300 and 26500), respectively. It should be mentioned that iron’s MIC was not assessable. Results of atomic absorption analysis was demonstrated that the highest amount of nickel reduction in a medium with concentration of 194 ppm and 71 ppm were 16.7% and 63% after 72 hours by selected strain number 16 respectively and in a medium containing 158 ppm iron, after 50 hours 8.4% by selected strain 7, while dead biomass of strain 16 reduced nickel to the amount of 40.6% and it reduced 21% and 4% of iron in solutions with 46 ppm and 792 ppm of iron. Results of molecular analysis demonstrated that strain 16 was Bacillus subtilis. In addition, Bacillus subtilis which has been isolated in this study with ability of nickel and iron removal is an appropriate candidate to be used in aquatic environments

Monitoring infectious agents in L.vannamei farms in choebdeh-Abadan

The introduction of L. vannamei to Iran from Hawaii was initiated when high mortality occurred in shrimp farms of Abadan in 2002 than in Bushehr during summer of 2004. Inspection of L. vannamei for infectious agents (Bacteria , virus , fungi and parasite ) , determine total plate count and total vibrio in Bahmanshir Rivers, shrimps and farms water , examination physicochemical factors of farms water , Identification of carriers of wssv in wild shrimp and crabs , the main objectives of this study , which was held in 2007 . 540 shrimp samples (pl12 pl15) and subadults were collected from different shrimp farms in khouzestan province and then check for identity bacteria, fungi and parasite. Also 280 samples of L. vannamei , wild shrimps ( Metapenaeus af inis , Exopalaemon styliferus ) and crabs (Grapsus sp .and Sesarma sp. ) were Collected from Bahmanshir river for virology studies by PCR procedure (Iq2000 kit WSSV , IHHNV , TSV ) . 120 samples of L. vannamei for histopathology had been collected randomly and preserved in Davidson’s fixation and then transferred to 75% ethyl alcohol for storage. (Hepatopancreas gills). Physicochemical parameters of water in culture ponds comprising of pH DO, BOD, NO_3, NO_2, salinity. Total. Hardness and NH3 were measured all over culture period for 340 times. Finally it has been detected 10 genus and species of bacteria consisting of V . alginolyticus, V. parahaemolyticus, V. proteolyticus , plesiomonas shigelloides ; 6 genus and species of fungi specially Aspergilus niger , Asp.fumigatus and Asp.flavus and two genus of parasites vorticella sp. And Zoothamnium sp. were isolated. Crab (Sesarma sp.) were tested by using Iq2000 diagnostic kit for WSSV that positive for WSSV. There was a positive result (three viruses TSV, IHHNV and WSSV) for postlarvae and subadults of L.vannamei by using Iq2000 kit and IFRO kit (Internal kit). Histopathological studies have shown inclusion bodies of TSV, WSSV, IHHNV, MBV and HPV in various tissues. Results demonstrated the mean of vibrio count (0. 01×103 - 1.96 ×103) and tolal plate count (0 .21 ×103 - 14.25 ×10 3). physicochemical parameters of water were measured as follows : salinity (12.3 22.5 ppt ).BOD5 ( 1.98 10.21 ppm ) , DO (3.17 11.25 ppm ) , NH3(0.02 3.45 ppm ) and temperature (20 31. 5 c) . Keywords: L.vannamei, bacteria, virus, fungi, parasite Histo pathology - physicochemical parameters of water- Abadan khouzestan province

The role of intradiscal steroids in the treatment of discogenic low back pain

LBP is one of the most common reasons for visiting a doctor and is the most common cause of disability under age 45.Amongst a variety of etiologies, internal disc disruption (IDD) has been postulated as an important cause of low back pain. Treating discogenic low back pain continues to be a challenge to physicians. Inflammation, either from direct chemical irritation or secondary to an autoimmune response to the nucleus pulposus has been implicated as the primary pain source. Both steroids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have partial effectiveness in treating pain associated with inflammation. Therefore, the rationale for using intradiscal steroids is to suppress the inflammation within the disc, thereby alleviating the patient’s symptoms. The goal of this article is to review the literature regarding the efficacy of intradiscal steroids to treat low back pain of discogenic origin

Establishment of gene bank of inland water fish species

Genetic knowledge helps to protect biodiversity and optimal harvest resources by several ways. This knowledge can help to reduce the risk of extinction to those populations that have high genetic diversity or diminished by detected them. Also, studies of population genetics can present guidelines for improving the structure of the population and understanding the biology of species. One of the most important applications of DNA database is detecting species, fishing offense, diagnose of anemia and genetic classification of animals. DNA bank has helped to identify the species that are hunted and were discovered only parts of their meat and texture. Optimal Storage of aquatic genetic resources and the conservation of biological diversity, as the national capital by using biotechnology methods are the most important goals of gene bank and database reserves of the country creation. Collecting biological specimens of aquatic species, preparation and long-term maintenance of them, genetic registration of endangered and threatened species and the use of biotechnology techniques for the protection, conservation and management of aquatic genetic resources is one of the other functions of the gene bank. Gene bank of inland waters of Iran (Gorgan) is planned and implemented to identify, collect, maintain and protect species at the level of genes, cells, tissues and live fish research and commercial exploitation. Despite the predicted projected funding for this project, unfortunately funding sources have been considered, does not allocated. Therefore some parts of the aims of this project has been organized by Golestan province credits to build molecular laboratory and aquaculture pond in Alang farm and exploitation of potential Gharasou station and Sijoval center restocking and the conditions for the bulk of the project goals is provided. Some parts like tissue culture laboratory and bioinformatics as well as parts and equipment related to the freezing of sperm and embryo development are the items that should be considered in the development of the this bank

Correlation Between Epilepsy Risk Factors and Type of Seizures in Children

Epilepsy is uncommon on its own, and comorbidities are common: more than half of patients with epilepsy have one or more other medical disorders. Epilepsy has long been linked to psychiatric disorders (such as Extreme stress, extreme sadness, hyperactivity, and attention deficit), but more recently, epilepsy has been linked to somatic disorders (such as Disorders of the pancreas and its secretion of insulin, problems with tendons and joints, diseases that affect the stomach and chronic diseases related to the lung). A descriptive, Case-Control study was conducted. The research was carried out across Iraq's five Middle Euphrates Governorates, between the 1st of October 2021 and the 1st of May 2022. For the purpose of determining risk factors for epilepsy in children and to identify the relationship between&nbsp; the risk factors and parents socio-demographic data, clinical data and daily habits. The data was collected through the use of the questionnaire and data analysis by SPSS version 22. The findings indicate that the most important factors influencing the occurrence of epilepsy in children are as follows: (asphyxia, trauma during delivery, jaundice, febrile, encephalitis, meningitis, brain tumor, ADHD, and head trauma). as well as the occurrence of epilepsy is influenced by considerable sleep disruption.&nbsp