A Performance Analysis Framework for WiFi/WiMAX Heterogeneous Metropolitan Networks Based on Cross-Layer Design

The communication between network nodes within different protocol domains is often regarded simply as a black box with unknown configuration conditions in the path. We address network heterogeneity using a white box approach and focus on its interconnection processes. To achieve this purpose, a Performance Analysis Framework (PAF) is proposed which is composed of the formalization of the latter using process algebra (PA) and the corresponding teletraffic performance models. In this contribution, we target the IEEE 802.16 and IEEE 802.11 protocols. For the teletraffic models, we extend previous models for such scenario with the inclusion of the following protocol operational parameters (metrics): bit error rate (BER), packet error ratio (PER), and packet length (pl). From the framework teletraffic models, the optimal packet length (OPL), end to end throughput, delay, and packet loss are obtained. The PAF outperforms previous modeling solutions in terms of delay and throughput relative to NS3 simulation results. </jats:p

Clinical efficacy and patients’ perception of virtual reality during wound care in adults:A systematic review with meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials

This study was aimed to review Virtual Reality's (VR) impact on pain, anxiety, opioid usage, physiological and behavioural responses, and patients’ experience during wound care (WC) in adults. We searched multiple databases (Embase, Medline ALL, Web of Science Core Collection, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, Scopus and Google Scholar) from inception until January 27th, 2023. Included studies compared VR alone or as an adjunct to standard WC with standard WC or other distraction methods, in adults with burn or non-burn-related wounds. The risk of bias was assessed using the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomised parallel-group and crossover trials. The review followed PRISMA guidelines for reporting. Fourteen studies were eligible for inclusion. The meta-analysis was limited to studies comprising solely of adult participants. VR reduced pain intensity compared to standard WC in all study designs. Despite not being included in the meta-analysis due to reasons such as mixed population or lack of sufficient statistical data, other studies showed significant pain reduction using VR. Additionally, VR improved patients' experience of WC. No clear effect was found on other outcomes including anxiety, opioid usage and physiological and behavioural responses. VR shows promise in reducing acute pain and enhancing patients' experience of WC. The observed variations in the effects of VR at group and individual levels indicate the need for a personalised treatment plan by selecting the right VR for the right patient given at the right time.</p

Trace Elements Determination By Icp-qms In Octopus Edible Samples From Mexico City Markets

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the total concentration levels of trace elements (Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb, Rb and Sr) in octopus' mantle and tentacles samples from Mexico City markets, by using the Mexican regulation applied to food for human consumption. The determination of both essential (Cr, Cu, Mn) and non-essential (Pb, Rb and Sr) trace elements was made by inductively coupled plasma-quad-rupole mass spectrometry (ICP-QMS). The samples were collected from local markets and supermarkets from each of 16 delegations of Mexico City, Distrito Federal. The overall ranges of concentrations found were: 2.4-4.8, 5.1-95.3, 1-6, 0.1-1.6, 0.4-4.5 and 11-58 mg/kg for Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb, Rb and Sr, respectively. The maximum and mean concentration values obtained for Cu and Cr in mantle and tentacle samples from both kind of markets, are above of the NOM-051-SCFI/ SSA1-2010 (closest Mexican standard), according to USDA National NDB for Standard Reference consumer exposure (100g/day) of octopus. It was observed that the maximum Pb concentration value found in mantle and tentacle samples from supermarkets origin exceeds the NOM-129-SSA1-1995 and NOM-242-SSA1-2009 reference values, while the maximum mean value is below the regulation. Similar Mexican regulation data for Mn, Rb and Sr were not found. © 2013, Sociedad Química de México.574337344Fairbrother, A., Wenstel, R., Sappington, K., Wood, W., (2007) Ecotoxi-col. Environ. Safety, 68, pp. 145-227Nielsen, F.H., Dunn, M., http://jn.nutrition.org/nutinfo/, American Society for Nutrition, accessed in 2010Guérin, T., Chekri, R., Vastel, C., Sirot, V., Volatier, J., Leblanc, J., Noël, L., (2011) Food Chem, 127, pp. 934-942Choi, M., Kang, M., Kim, M., (2009) Biol. Trace Elem. Res, 128, pp. 104-117Millour, S., Noël, L., Kadar, A., Chekri, R., Vastel, C., Guérin, T., (2011) J. of Food Comp. Anal, 24, pp. 111-120Nasreddine, L., Nashalian, O., Naja, F., Itani, L., Parent-Massin, D., Nabhani-Zeidan, M., Hwalia, N., (2010) Food Chem. 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Meth, 4, pp. 77-83Mohapatra, A., Rautray, T.R., Vijayan, V., Mohanty, R.K., Dey, S.K., (2007) Aquaculture, 270, pp. 552-558Nardi, E.P., Evangelista, F.S., Tormen, L., Sainťpierre, T.D., Cur-Tius, A.J., de Souzas, S.S., Barbosa, F., (2009) Food Chem, 112, pp. 727-732NoteNote(2008) Versión Estenográfica De La Sesión Celebrada El Día 30 De Julio De 2008, , Asamblea Legislativa del Distrito Federal. IV Legislatura, México. 2008Desilva, B., Smith, W., Weiner, R., Kelley, M., Smolec, J.M., Lee, B., Khan, M., Celniker, A., (2003) Pharmaceutical Res, 20, pp. 1885-1900Millour, S., Nöel, L., Chekri, R., Vastel, C., Kadar, A., Guérin, T., (2010) Accred. 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Causes of abortion in dairy cows in Uruguay. [Causas de aborto em bovinos de leite no Uruguai].

Abstract: A case series study was conducted to determine the frequency of causes of abortion in dairy cattle in Uruguay. The sample size of 102 cases was composed of 53 fetuses, 35 fetuses with placentas, and 14 placentas without an associated fetus. All cases underwent grossand microscopic pathologic examinations as well as microbiological and serological testing. The etiology was determined in 54 (53%) of cases, 51 of which were caused by infectious agents. Within the observed 102 cases, 30 (29%) were caused by Neospora caninum, six (6%) by Coxiella burnetii and two (2%) by Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis. Bovine Parainfluenza-3 virus and Salmonella enterica serovar Newport caused one abortion each. Opportunistic bacteria (Escherichia coli, Streptococcus sp., Staphylococcus sp., Mannheimia sp., Trueperella pyogenes, and Providencia stuartii) were associated with 11 abortions. In two cases the fetal death was attributed to dystocia, and in one case the fetus had a congenital mesothelioma. Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection was identified in three fetuses; two of which were co-infected with and had typical lesions of N. caninum. No lesions were observed in the other fetus infected by BVDV. Leptospira interrogans was identified in one fetuswithout lesions. Despite the relatively low overall success rate in establishing an etiological diagnosis in cases of abortion in cattle, a systemic workup of bovine abortion is necessary to establish prevention and control strategies. This also facilitates monitoring and surveillance of reproductive diseases in dairy cattle, some of which represent a risk to public health.Resumo: Uma série de casos foi estudada para determinar a frequência de causas do aborto em bovinos leiteiros no Uruguai. A amostra, de 102 casos, foi composta por 53 fetos, 35 fetos com placentas e 14 placentas sem feto associado. Todos os casos foram submetidos a exames patológicos macroscópicos e microscópicos, além de testes microbiológicos e sorológicos.A etiologia foi determinada em 54 (53%) dos casos, 51 dos quais foram causados por agentes infecciosos. Nos 102 casos observados, 30 (29%) foram causados por Neospora caninum, seis (6%) por Coxiella burnetii e dois (2%) por Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis. O vírus da Parainfluenza-3 e Salmonella enterica serovar Newport causaram um aborto cada. Bactérias oportunistas (Escherichia coli, Streptococcus sp., Staphylococcus sp., Mannheimia sp., Trueperella pyogenese Providencia stuartii) foram associadas a 11 abortos. Em dois casos, a morte fetal foi atribuída a distocia e, em um caso, o feto apresentava mesotelioma congênito. A infecção pelo vírus da diarreia viral bovina (BVDV) foi identificada em três fetos; dois dos quais foram co-infectados e apresentavam lesões típicas de N. caninum. Não foram observadas lesões no outro feto infectado pelo BVDV. Leptospira interrogans foiidentificada em um feto sem lesões. Apesar da relativamente baixa taxa de sucesso no diagnóstico etiológico nos casos de aborto em bovinos, é necessário o diagnóstico sistemático dos abortos para estabelecer estratégias de prevenção e controle. Isso também facilita o monitoramento e a vigilância de doenças reprodutivas em bovinos leiteiros, algumas das quais representam um risco para a saúde pública

Diseases associated with bovine viral diarrhea virus subtypes 1a and 2b in beef and dairy cattle in Uruguay.

Abstract:Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV, Pestivirus) causes significant economic losses to the livestock industry worldwide. Although serological surveys show that BVDV exposure is widespread in cattle in Uruguay, BVDV-associated diseases are greatly underreported. The aim of this work is to describe the epidemiological, clinical, pathological, and virological findings from spontaneous outbreaks of BVDV-associated diseases in cattle in Uruguay. Diagnostic investigations were performed during 6 spontaneous disease outbreaks on beef and dairy cattle farms in the departments of Colonia, Rio Negro, and Soriano between November 2016 and April 2018. Carcasses of 8 naturally deceased cattle from these outbreaks were necropsied and subjected to histological examination and immunohistochemistry to detect BVDV antigen in the tissues. Reverse transcription real-time PCR and genomic sequencing were also performed to identify BVDV at the species and subtype levels. Other ancillary diagnostic tests, including bacterial cultures, were performed on a case-by-case basis to rule in/out differential diagnoses based on initial clinicopathological presumptive diagnoses. BVDV-associated conditions that were diagnosed in the 8 cases included mucosal disease, transient postnatal BVDV infections associated with digestive/septicemic salmonellosis by Salmonella serovar typhimurium, Histophilus somni bronchopneumonia, urinary tract coinfections with Escherichia coli and Streptococcus sp., enteric coinfection with coccidia, and transplacental fetal infections and abortions with Neospora caninum coinfection. BVDV-1a and BVDV-2b were each identified in four of the eight cases. We conclude that BVDV-1a and BVDV-2b contribute significantly to disease and mortality in cattle in Uruguay. Future research should estimate the economic impact of BVDV in the Uruguayan livestock sector

Molecular characterization of a patient with 3p deletion syndrome and a review of the literature

3p deletion syndrome is a rare disorder involving developmental delay, dysmorphic physical features, and growth retardation. Molecular mapping of several cases in the literature have identified a critical region on chromosome 3p26. We present a child patient with characteristic features of 3p deletion syndrome and a de novo unbalanced translocation involving chromosomes 3 and 13. Fine mapping of this rearrangement using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and array-based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) revealed an unbalanced abnormality including a 4.5 Mb terminal deletion of chromosome 3p, telomeric to ITPR1 on 3p26.2, which was not previously identified with routine cytogenetic analysis. In addition, these investigations confirmed and refined the boundaries of a 26.5 Mb deletion of chromosome 13. This study confirms the minimal candidate region for 3p deletion syndrome, provides further evidence implicating haploinsufficiency of CNTN4 in the disorder, and demonstrates the utility of high-resolution investigations of rare chromosomal rearrangements. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc