A Comparative Analysis of the Nativity Wealth Gap

This paper investigates the source of the gap in the relative wealth position of immigrant households residing in Australia, Germany and the United States. Our results indicate that in Germany and the United States wealth differentials are largely the result of disparity in the educational attainment and demographic composition of the native and immigrant populations, while income differentials are relatively unimportant in understanding the nativity wealth gap. In contrast, the relatively small wealth gap between Australian- and foreign-born households exists because immigrants to Australia do not translate their relative educational and demographic advantage into a wealth advantage. On balance, our results point to substantial cross-national disparity in the economic well-being of immigrant and native families, which is largely consistent with domestic labor markets and the selection policies used to shape the nature of the immigration flow.international migration, wealth accumulation

A Comparative Analysis of the Nativity Wealth Gap

This paper investigates the source of the gap in the relative wealth position of immigrant households residing in Australia, Germany and the United States. Our results indicate that in Germany and the United States wealth differentials are largely the result of disparity in the educational attainment and demographic composition of the native and immigrant populations, while income differentials are relatively unimportant in understanding the nativity wealth gap. In contrast, the relatively small wealth gap between Australian- and foreign- born households exists because immigrants to Australia do not translate their relative educational and demographic advantage into a wealth advantage. On balance, our results point to substantial cross-national disparity in the economic well-being of immigrant and native families, which is largely consistent with domestic labor markets and the selection policies used to shape the nature of the immigration flow.International migration, wealth accumulation

A directional occlusion shading model for interactive direct volume rendering

posterVolumetric rendering is widely used to examine 3D scalar fields Key aspect: provide perceptual cues to aid in understanding the data set Shading models with natural lighting conditions better convey depth information and spatial relationships Traditionally require considerable (pre)computation. Directional Occlusion Shading (DOS) Plausible occlusion effects Qualitatively similar to full ambient occlusion Solid and semi-transparent features interactive change of Transfer function Clipping planes Camera position Global ambient occlusion solution expensive Other methods compute locally spherical occlusion DOS considers all features between a point and the ambient light Restricted to a subset of the sphere Specialized phase function Backward peaked cone User specifiable aperture angl

A Comparative Analysis of the Nativity Wealth Gap

This paper investigates the source of the gap in the relative wealth position of immigrant households residing in Australia, Germany and the United States. Our results indicate that in German and the United States wealth differentials are largely the result of disparity in the educational attainment and demographic composition of the native and immigrant populations, while income differentials are relatively unimportant in understanding the nativity wealth gap. In contrast, the relatively small wealth gap between Australian and foreign-born households, exists because immigrants to Australia do not translate their relative educational and demographic advantage into a wealth advantage. On balance, our results point to substantial cross-nationality disparity in the economic well-being of immigrant and native families, which is largely consistent with domestic labor markets and the selection policies used to shape the nature of immigration flow.International migration, wealth accumulation

Towards a hybrid parallelization of lattice Boltzmann methods

AbstractOngoing research towards the development of a hybrid parallelization concept for lattice Boltzmann methods is presented. It allows coping with platforms sharing both the properties of shared and distributed architectures. The proposed approach relies on spatial domain decomposition where each domain represents a basic block entity which is solved on a symmetric multi-processing (SMP) system. Emphasis is placed on the software design and the reworking needed to achieve good performance using OpenMP in that context. Those ideas are implemented in the C++ project OpenLB, which is also sketched in this article. The efficiency of the proposed approaches is tested on a 3D benchmark problem and compared with a purely MPI based approach

Soft Textured Shadow Volume

International audienceEfficiently computing robust soft shadows is a challenging and time consuming task. On the one hand, the quality of image-based shadows is inherently limited by the discrete property of their framework. On the other hand, object-based algorithms do not exhibit such discretization issues but they can only efficiently deal with triangles having a constant transmittance factor. This paper addresses this limitation. We propose a general algorithm for the computation of robust and accurate soft shadows for triangles with a spatially varying transmittance. We then show how this technique can be efficiently included into object-based soft shadow algorithms. This results in unified object-based frameworks for computing robust direct shadows for both standard and perforated triangles in fully animated scenes

A directional occlusion shading model for interactive direct volume rendering

Volumetric rendering is widely used to examine 3D scalar fields from CT/MRI scanners and numerical simulation datasets. One key aspect of volumetric rendering is the ability to provide perceptual cues to aid in understanding structure contained in the data. While shading models that reproduce natural lighting conditions have been shown to better convey depth information and spatial relationships, they traditionally require considerable (pre)computation. In this paper, a shading model for interactive direct volume rendering is proposed that provides perceptual cues similar to those of ambient occlusion, for both solid and transparent surface-like features. An image space occlusion factor is derived from the radiative transport equation based on a specialized phase function. The method does not rely on any precomputation and thus allows for interactive explorations of volumetric data sets via on-the-fly editing of the shading model parameters or (multi-dimensional) transfer functions while modifications to the volume via clipping planes are incorporated into the resulting occlusion-based shading