Avaliação das abordagens psicométricas nos instrumentos Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index, Oral Health Impact Profile-14 e Oral Impacts On Daily Performances : uma revisão sistemática

A presente revisão sistemática objetivou avaliar as abordagens psicométricas dos instrumentos Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index, Oral Health Impact Profile-14 e Oral Impacts On Daily Performances. As buscas foram realizadas nas bases de dados PubMed, Scopus e Google Scholar. Uma seleção manual dos artigos foi feita por dois pesquisadores, primeiro a partir de títulos e resumos, depois a partir da análise do texto completo. Os artigos incluídos foram submetidos à extração dos seguintes dados: nome dos autores; ano de publicação do artigo; país onde o estudo foi conduzido; número de participantes; idade dos participantes; método de análise fatorial; estimador; rotação; software; formato de resposta; e número de fatores. Os artigos selecionados na revisão sistemática do Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (19 artigos), do Oral Health Impact Profile (10 artigos) e do Oral Impact on Daily Performances (8 artigos) foram, em sua maioria, publicados após os anos 2000, com grande número de estudos desenvolvidos no Brasil e na Turquia. As divergências nas condutas foram encontradas para os métodos de extração dos fatores, a seleção dos estimadores, a rotação, o uso do software estatístico e o número de fatores dos modelos testados. Portanto, as abordagens psicométricas são heterogêneas entre os estudos de QVRSB para os instrumentos Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI), Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) e Oral Impact on Daily Performances (OIDP)

Positive identity predicts psychological wellbeing in Chilean youth: A double-mediation model

Positive youth development (PYD) allows the youth to be comprehended from their potential, strengths and assets, in contrast to the traditional deficit view that focuses on their weaknesses. The PYD model promotes constructive behaviours in youth by highlighting the positive attributes usually found during the transition from childhood to adulthood to achieve healthy and optimal development in later life. Overall, PYD comprises five key competence (5C), the flourishing models and forty developmental assets. In the present study, a structural equation model is tested with the Chilean dataset of the PYD project on the premise that Positive Identity is the core internal developmental asset explaining Psychological wellbeing and that Confidence and Character are mediators of the relationship between Positive Identity and Psychological Wellbeing. The sample comprised 261 participants (nWomen = 189, nMen = 72), MeanAge = 22 years old, who were approached by an online survey uploaded to Qualtrics. The measures of the study included: The Developmental assets Scale, the Short-form of the Five Cs included in the PYD and the Mental Health Continuum Short-Form. The results indicated a good model fit (β = 1.74, Ztotal = 10.63, χ2 = 424.95, df = 277, χ2/df = 1.53, p < 0.001, Robust CFI = 0.945, Robust RMSEA = 0.049, 90% CI (0.040, 0.058), AIC = 17689.91, saBIC = 17719.08 and SRMR = 0.061), highlighting the relevance of studying Latin-American adolescents and young ‘s wellbeing in times of COVID-19, as the participants’ Positive Identity significantly predicted their Psychological Wellbeing, and simultaneously, this relationship was mediated by both their level of Confidence and Character.publishedVersio

Brazilian version of Positive Oral Health and Well-Being: cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric analysis

Specific measures to evaluate positive oral health have been in a nascent stage in Dentistry, especially in developing countries. The present study aimed to translate, cross-culturally adapt and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of Positive Oral Health and Well-Being (B-POHW). After forward-backwards translation to Brazilian Portuguese language, the cross-cultural adaptation of B-POHW was pretested, followed by the main study to perform psychometric analysis. We tested the model fit by Confirmatory Factor Analysis with categorical factor indicators in bifactor and simple structure models on a sample of 209 participants (mean age: 39.36 ± 12.26. Questionnaires about sociodemographic status, self-reported oral health-related outcomes, and general well-being were administered and used as external validation measures. Moreover, dental caries experience was clinically diagnosed. For test-retest reliability, 53 participants completed the B-POHW a fortnight later. The following results were found: a) the bifactor model presented the best model fit; b) the B-POHW demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency (Cronbach's α and McDonald's ω > 0.8); c) the intraclass correlation coefficient suggested good reliability for the Global Factor of B-POHW in the test-retest (ICC = 0.84); d) evidence based on other variables and construct representation was in line with the positive oral health framework. The B-POHW is psychometrically sound to be used in a Brazilian context, and evidence of its internal structure confirmed its theoretical framework for measuring positive oral health. These findings advance in holistic approaches, enabling to assess positive oral health in Dental practice in Brazil

Premature Primary Tooth Loss and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Preschool Children

The present study aimed to evaluate the association between premature primary tooth loss and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in preschool children. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 769 5-year-old preschool children. The children and their parents or guardians answered the Brazilian version of the Scale of Oral Health Outcomes for 5-Year-Old Children for the assessment of OHRQoL. Meanwhile, clinical examinations were performed for the assessment of premature primary tooth loss. Unadjusted and adjusted multilevel Poisson regression models were utilized to investigate the associations between the variables. In the parental version of the scale, premature posterior primary tooth loss (rate ratio [RR] = 2.65; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.51&ndash;4.68), weak sense of coherence (RR = 2.25; 95% CI = 1.62&ndash;3.11), and visit to a dentist (RR = 1.61; 95% CI = 1.04&ndash;2.52) were associated with OHRQoL. Based on the children&rsquo;s perceptions, only the preschool type was associated with OHRQoL (RR = 1.92; 95% CI = 1.21&ndash;3.05). Premature posterior primary tooth loss had a greater impact on OHRQoL based on the parents&rsquo; perception, whereas only the preschool type was associated with OHRQoL based on the children&rsquo;s perception

How to Select a Questionnaire with a Good Methodological Quality?

<div><p>Abstract In the last decades, several instruments have been used to evaluate the impact of oral health problems on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of individuals. However, some instruments lack thorough methodological validation or present conceptual differences that hinder comparisons with instruments. Thus, it can be difficult to clinicians and researchers to select a questionnaire that accurately reflect what are really meaningful to individuals. This short communication aimed to discuss the importance of use an appropriate checklist to select an instrument with a good methodological quality. The COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) checklist was developed to provide tools for evidence-based instrument selection. The COSMIN checklist comprises ten boxes that evaluate whether a study meets the standard for good methodological quality and two additional boxes to meet studies that use the Item Response Theory method and general requirements for results generalization, resulting in four steps to be followed. In this way, it is required at least some expertise in psychometrics or clinimetrics to a wide-ranging use of this checklist. The COSMIN applications include its use to ensure the standardization of cross-cultural adaptations and safer comparisons between measurement studies and evaluation of methodological quality of systematic reviews of measurement properties. Also, it can be used by students when training about measurement properties and by editors and reviewers when revising manuscripts on this topic. The popularization of COSMIN checklist is therefore necessary to improve the selection and evaluation of health measurement instruments.</p></div

Approaches adopted by dentists for management of occlusal caries in primary teeth

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the approaches used by Family Health Strategy dentists in the city of Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil, for management of occlusal caries in primary teeth. Methods In this observational, cross-sectional, census-based, descriptive study, 33 professionals completed a questionnaire designed to evaluate their approach to management of occlusal caries in enamel and dentin of deciduous teeth in different risk situations. Data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics (Fisher's exact test with the level of significance set to 5%). Inter-examiner agreement was evaluated by Cohen's kappa statistic. Results For chronic enamel caries in primary teeth with low risk/activity, the approach of choice was preventive, with fluoride application being the most cited intervention (39.3%). For active carious dentin in primary teeth with high risk/activity and with low risk/activity, invasive approaches were most prevalent (93.9% and 78.8%, respectively), with complete caries removal (74.2%) and glass-ionomer restoration (69.2%) being the most frequent responses. Inter-examiner agreement was moderate (k = 0.44). Conclusion Although a wide range of approaches were adopted by dental practitioners, most preferred invasive interventions, even in situations where preservation of tooth structure was recommended

Cirurgião-dentista na Equipe de Saúde da Família: perfil profissional e diagnóstico de cárie

Objetivo: verificar o perfil profissional dos cirurgiões-dentistas das Equipes de Saúde da Família (ESF's) e avaliar a adequação dos diagnósticos das lesões cariosas. Metodologia: foi realizado um estudo transversal, com 97 cirurgiões-dentistas das Unidades da Saúde da Família (USF's) da cidade de João Pessoa, Paraíba. Foi utilizado um questionário dividido em duas partes. A primeira parte, abordava o perfil profissional dos participantes, e a segunda, o registro do diagnóstico da cárie dentária para dois casos clínicos. O caso clínico I correspondeu a uma lesão cariosa inativa limitada ao esmalte, e o caso clínico II, foi referente a uma cárie dentária ativa com envolvimento pulpar. Os diagnósticos foram categorizados em adequados e inadequados de acordo com critérios pré-determinados. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva e inferencial uni e bivariada, pelo teste Qui-Quadrado, Exato de Fischer e coeficiente de correlação de Cramer, adotando-se p < 0,05. Resultados: Os resultados mostraram a ocorrência de formados em universidades federais (89,7%), graduados há mais de 20 anos (63,9%), com pós-graduação (74,7%) e possuindo como principal local de trabalho o setor público (84,5%). O diagnóstico foi adequado em apenas 35,0% e 40,5% para os casos clínicos I e II, respectivamente. O diagnóstico de cárie dentária apenas apresentou associação com o distrito sanitário no caso clínico I. Conclusão: Poucos cirurgiões-dentistas diagnosticaram adequadamente os casos clínicos, não havendo associação com o perfil profissional.       PALAVRAS-CHAVES Cárie dentária; diagnóstico; odontólogos; saúde pública; odontopediatria.