Livestock rational use of Anaga Rural Park. Preliminary results

Anaga Rural Park is a natural protected space that is situated in the northeast of Tenerife isle in Canary Islands. With a 14.224 hectares, it’s characterised by high ecosystems diversity, debt to high incline that condition the coexistence of different ecological floors. This situation has determined the uses types of the local resources and the grazing. In this way, the study in the Anaga Rural Park, try to design specific strategy for the rational use of the natural resources in the zone. The methodology used is based on individuals interwievs and geographic information processing, with purpose to define the average stocking rate, annual distribution of stocking rate and animal production systems characteristics in Anaga Rural Park. After to analyse the secondary information, the interwievs realised and the direct observations of the productions systems, we have obtained enough data to locate the zone breed reality of the zone a make and unreliable outline of the production systems in Anaga.El Parque Rural de Anaga es un espacio natural protegido que se encuentra en el noreste de la Isla de Tenerife, en las Islas Canarias. Con unas dimensiones de 14.000 ha, se caracteriza por una alta diversidad de ecosistemas debido a las altas pendientes que condicionan la existencia de diferentes pisos ecológicos. Esto ha determinado las formas de aprovechamiento de los recursos locales en general y del pastoreo en particular. En este sentido, el estudio en el Parque Rural Anaga, trata de diseñar estrategias concretas para el uso racional de los recursos naturales en la zona. La metodología utilizada se basa en las entrevistas individuales y el tratamiento de información geográfica, con el fin de definir la Carga ganadera promedio, la distribución anual de la Carga ganadera y las características de los sistemas de producción animal en el Parque Rural de Anaga. Tras el análisis de la información secundaria, las entrevistas realizadas y la observación directa de los sistemas de producción, se han obtenido suficientes datos como para ubicarnos en la realidad ganadera de la zona y por tanto hacer un esbozo fiable de la situación de los sistemas de producción en Anaga

Livestock use research in canary protected areas. Methodology

Rural Parks are protected natural space included in the Protected Spaces Canary Law. Rural Park condition obliges to planning sustentable development, where the productivity and profitability complement with the sustentability, stability and equity. Anaga is situated in the Tenerife Isle northeast. With surface of 14.000 ha, is characterised by the high ecosystem diversity. Valle Gran Rey is situated in La Gomera Isle southeast. With surface approximately of 2.000 ha, is characterised by the presence of high productivity potential tableland. The study final result is strategy planning to adjust between livestock resources use and those resources potential with economical and ecological guidelines. Methodology is based on meticulous interview to farmers of each Park, to determine the Average Stocking Rate, its annual distribution and classification of production systems. Stoking Rate calculate is realised by livestock needs determination and supplementation determination, combined with treatment of geographical information to study of grazing zones. By unpredictable cuts, exclusion squares, transects and forage analysis is determined the Charge Capacity.Los Parques Rurales son espacios naturales protegidos recogidos en la Ley Canaria de Espacios Protegidos. La condición de Parque Rural obliga a plantear el desarrollo de forma sostenible, donde la productividad y rentabilidad se complementen con la sustentabilidad, estabilidad y equidad. Anaga está situado en el nordeste de la Isla de Tenerife. Con una superficie de aproximadamente 14.000 ha, se caracteriza por la alta diversidad de ecosistemas. Valle Gran Rey está situado en el suroeste de la Isla de la Gomera. Con una superficie aproximada de 2.000 ha, se caracteriza por la presencia de mesetas de alto potencial productivo. El resultado final del estudio es la definición de estrategias para el ajuste entre el uso de los recursos ganaderos y las posibilidades de dichos recursos con criterios de carácter económico y de carácter ecológico. La metodología se basa en la entrevista minuciosa de los ganaderos de cada uno de los Parques, haciendo hincapié en aquellos que realizan pastoreo, con el fin de determinar la carga ganadera promedio, su distribución anual y la caracterización de los sistemas de producción. El cálculo de la Carga ganadera se realiza mediante la determinación de las necesidades animales y la suplementación aportada, combinado con el tratamiento de información geográfica para el estudio de las zonas de pastoreo. Mediante la realización de cortes aleatorios, cuadros de exclusión, transectos y posterior analítica de muestras de plantas forrajeras, se determina la Capacidad de Carga ganadera

Influence of the Delta Phase in the Microstructure of the Inconel 718 subjected to “Delta-processing” Heat Treatment and Hot Deformed

AbstractInconel 718 (IN718) is a nickel base alloy widely used in the aerospace industry due to its mechanical stability at elevated temperatures. Stable δ phase with acicular morphology weakens the IN718, however, it has been found that a spherical morphology distributed in the grain boundaries acts as an anchor preventing grain growth during hot deformation. The delta processing (DP718) is a saturation of δ phase in the alloy by thermal treatment followed by thermomechanical working to control the grain growth and morphology during deformation. Two specimens (A and B) of IN718 alloy were solubilized for 1h at 1100°C WQ and aging at 900°C for 24hWQ thermal treatment, following bythermomechanical deformation. Sample A was deformed at 0.001 s -1 and sample Bat 0.01 s-1, both deformations were carried out at 960°C and the final microstructures were characterized by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in order to evaluate morphology and grainsize distribution

The comparative responsiveness of Hospital Universitario Princesa Index and other composite indices for assessing rheumatoid arthritis activity

Objective To evaluate the responsiveness in terms of correlation of the Hospital Universitario La Princesa Index (HUPI) comparatively to the traditional composite indices used to assess disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and to compare the performance of HUPI-based response criteria with that of the EULAR response criteria. Methods Secondary data analysis from the following studies: ACT-RAY (clinical trial), PROAR (early RA cohort) and EMECAR (pre-biologic era long term RA cohort). Responsiveness was evaluated by: 1) comparing change from baseline (Delta) of HUPI with Delta in other scores by calculating correlation coefficients; 2) calculating standardised effect sizes. The accuracy of response by HUPI and by EULAR criteria was analyzed using linear regressions in which the dependent variable was change in global assessment by physician (Delta GDA-Phy). Results Delta HUPI correlation with change in all other indices ranged from 0.387 to 0.791); HUPI's standardized effect size was larger than those from the other indices in each database used. In ACT-RAY, depending on visit, between 65 and 80% of patients were equally classified by HUPI and EULAR response criteria. However, HUPI criteria were slightly more stringent, with higher percentage of patients classified as non-responder, especially at early visits. HUPI response criteria showed a slightly higher accuracy than EULAR response criteria when using Delta GDA-Phy as gold standard. Conclusion HUPI shows good responsiveness in terms of correlation in each studied scenario (clinical trial, early RA cohort, and established RA cohort). Response criteria by HUPI seem more stringent than EULAR''s

Track A Basic Science

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/138319/1/jia218438.pd