27 research outputs found

    Labour, knowledge and communication: rethinking the practical content of critical social theory

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    In response to the reification of social reality caused, according to the first generation of the Frankfurt School, by the instrumental mastery of nature, Adorno, Horkheimer and Marcuse have elaborated a critique of instrumental reason aimed at providing the theoretical tools for a treatment of the social realm as a field of human practice. Concerned with the risks of reproducing the relationship between humanity and nature hindering human emancipation, they have nevertheless sought to limit the task of critical theory to a theoretical form of resistance, thereby divorcing social theory from the practical orientations found in Marx‟s critique of political economy. It was not until the works of second-generation critical theorist JĂŒrgen Habermas, that one could find a renewed attempt to link theory with the objective conditions of existence thought to be required for human emancipation. With these theoretical developments, however, social theory was effectively stripped of its critique of technology, and became primarily concerned with the problem of human emancipation as a matter strictly regarding intersubjective relations. The present work proposes that the formulation of a social critique oriented towards the institutionalisation of emancipatory practice cannot presuppose or apologise for the instrumental mastery of external nature. It shall be argued that in order to achieve such a task, the critique of instrumental reason elaborated by the first generation of Frankfurt School theorists must be complemented and completed with the broad outline of an institutional framework capable of indicating the conditions of existence required for the actualisation of human emancipation as the labour-mediated reconciliation of humanity with both internal and external nature, and for which the works of G.D.H. Cole provide a potential basis for rethinking critical theory and updating libertarian socialism

    Modelling human choices: MADeM and decision‑making

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    Research supported by FAPESP 2015/50122-0 and DFG-GRTK 1740/2. RP and AR are also part of the Research, Innovation and Dissemination Center for Neuromathematics FAPESP grant (2013/07699-0). RP is supported by a FAPESP scholarship (2013/25667-8). ACR is partially supported by a CNPq fellowship (grant 306251/2014-0)

    G.D.H. Cole: Sociology, politics, empowerment and 'How to be socially good'

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    SchĂ©mas rĂ©gionaux de l’entrĂ©e en vie adulte en Afrique sub-saharienne: une exploration des parcours fĂ©minins

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    Les Ăąges auxquels sont vĂ©cus les premiĂšres relations sexuelles, les premiĂšres unions et les premiĂšres naissances varient sensiblement entre les diffĂ©rentes rĂ©gions d’Afrique sub-saharienne, et l’examen de chacun de ces trois Ă©vĂ©nements pris individuellement est mal adaptĂ© pour rendre compte de cette variation. A l’aide de l’analyse des sĂ©quences, nous construisons une typologie des parcours vĂ©cus par les jeunes femmes entre 15 et 24 ans, Ă  partir des EnquĂȘtes DĂ©mographiques et de SantĂ© (EDS). Nous identifions six types parcours distincts, et examinons ensuite comment ils se rĂ©partissent dans l’espace. Des schĂ©mas rĂ©gionaux assez contrastĂ©s se dĂ©gagent, Ă  un niveau plus fin que celui des grandes rĂ©gions. La rĂ©partition de la population entre ces parcours est trĂšs corrĂ©lĂ©e aux principaux indicateurs de dĂ©veloppement socio-Ă©conomique, Ă  l’état d’avancement des rĂ©gions dans la transition de la fĂ©conditĂ©, Ă  la pratique de la polygamie, ainsi que, de façon plus inattendue, Ă  des variables d’ordre socio-culturel telles que la frĂ©quence de la co-rĂ©sidence entre mĂšres et enfants ou l’indĂ©pendance financiĂšre des femmes en emploi. Cette analyse illustre la diversitĂ© des parcours de vie des jeunes femmes en Afrique sub-saharienne, et rappelle l’importance de considĂ©rer ces parcours comme Ă©tant englobĂ©s dans des systĂšmes matrimoniaux et sociaux cohĂ©rents
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