Organizational Resources Affecting Nursing Inter-Professional Collaboration: A Qualitative Study

Introduction: Organizational resources are the effective valuable resources in achieving organizational goals and predictors of interaction. This study aimed to find out the organizational resources affecting nursing inter-professional collaboration. Method: This qualitative study was carried out with 23 nurses from hospitals of Tehran, Tabriz, and Ilam cities, Iran. Purposive sampling was applied to select the participants. In-depth and unstructured interviews and field notes were used to collect the data. Interviews were transcribed and simultaneously analyzed using conventional content analysis method. Results: Three categories of "physical resource", "financial resource", and "human resource" described the characteristics of organizational resources based on participant experiences. Conclusion: Organizational resources are the effective factors on nurse's inter-professional collaboration which include the supply and allocation of resources in different areas. Solving problems in this field can have positive effects. Keywords: Iran, Nurses, Organizations, Qualitative research, Resource

Evaluation of osteoporosis preventive factors in menopausal women referred to the health care centers of Ilam University of Medical Sciences in 2004

زمینه و هدف: استئوپروز شایع ترین بیماری متابولیک استخوان است که با ایجاد اختلال ساختاری در استخوان، زمینه را برای بروز شکستگی استخوان مستعد می سازد. یائسگی، یکی از عمده ترین عوامل خطر استئوپروز می باشد. این پژوهش با هدف تعیین میزان بکارگیری عوامل پیشگیری کننده از استئوپروز در زنان یائسه مراجعه کننده به مراکز بهداشتی درمانی وابسته به دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهر ایلام انجام شده است. روش بررسی: این پژوهش توصیفی - تحلیلی، بر روی 150 نفر زن یائسه دارای مشخصات واحدهای مورد پژوهش و به روش نمونه گیری سهمیه ای انجام گرفت. داده ها به روش مصاحبه، مشاهده و معاینه به کمک پرسشنامه حاوی مشخصات فردی و سوابق بهداشتی، چک لیست علایم و نشانه های استئوپروز و چک لیست رژیم غذایی 24 ساعته گردآوری گردید. جهت تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات از آزمون های آماری کای دو و دقیق فیشر استفاده شد. یافته ها: میانگین سنی افراد مورد پژوهش 5/5±9/54 سال بود، 90 واحدهای مورد پژوهش ورزش نمی کردند، 7/92 نمونه ها به اندازه کافی کلسیم مصرف نمی کردند و 3/45 آنها در معرض نور آفتاب قرار می گرفتند. همچنین 7/76 نمونه ها از درد مفاصل، 3/47 از درد پشت و 7/42 از ضعف عضلانی رنج می بردند. بر اساس نتایج متغیرهای سن (05/0

Comparison of the effect of licorice vaginal cream and estrogen vaginal cream on sexual function of postmenopausal women: An RCT

Background: Menopause is a stage in woman’s life that some women experience in middle age and some at a younger age (premature menopause). Low levels of ovarian hormones, during menopause can lead to various complications. Menopause is one of the factors that can affect a woman’s sexual function. Objective: The present study was conducted to compare the effect of licorice vaginal cream and estrogen vaginal cream on the sexual function of postmenopausal women. Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial study, 82 postmenopausal women who were referred to health centers in Ilam, Iran from July to November 2020 were randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 41/each). One group was given estrogen vaginal cream 2%, and the other vaginal licorice cream 2%. Participants used the 2 medications for 14-day periods each. We used the finite randomization method. Data collection questionnaires, including a demographic information questionnaire before treatment and a female sexual function index questionnaire were completed before, one month after the medication, and 2 months after using the medication. Results: The mean score of sexual function in the licorice group was 17.86 ± 4.37 and increased to 20.31 ± 4.63 at the end of the study. The mean score of sexual function in the estrogen group was 17.14 ± 3.99 and increased to 22.97 ± 5.09 at the end of the study (p = 0.015). Conclusion: The effect of estrogen vaginal cream on the sexual function of postmenopausal women was greater than licorice vaginal cream. Key words: Vagina, Post menopause, Glycyrrhiza, Estrogens

The Study of Vitamin D Status in Population Referred to Clinical Laboratories in Ilam, West of Iran

Objectives: Among different micronutrient deficiencies, vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is nowadays considered pandemic. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate vitamin D status in the population referred to the laboratories of Ilam from 2014 to 2015. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional population-based survey was conducted among the patients who referred to five laboratories of Ilam from July 2014 to July 2015. The samples were selected by a random procedure. 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25OHD] levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Cut-off points for serum levels of 25OHD were defined as normal (>30 ng/mL), vitamin D insufficiency (VDI) (10-30 ng/mL) and VDD (<10 ng/mL). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 17.0 by descriptive and analytical statistics (chi-square test). Results: In total, 7725 subjects (5273 females and 2452 males) with a mean age of 34.96±18.10 years were investigated. The prevalence of VDD/VDI combined was estimated to be 65.8%. Its prevalence was 67.3% among females, and 62.8% among the males. The prevalence of VDD and VDI was 12.1% and 53.7%, respectively. The highest prevalence of VDD combined with VDI was estimated for ages between 18 and 60 years (68.3%). The mean 25OHD concentration was 27.02±18.04 ng/mL and this concentration for male and female was 28.39±16.48 and 26.41±18.60, respectively. The relationship between VDD and age and sex was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The results suggested that VDD and VDI are very prevalent in this region. Accordingly, it is necessary to take certain intervention measures such as medication and vitamin D-enriched nutrition to decrease VDD and VDI

The association between anemia and postpartum depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: The association between anemia and postpartum depression (PPD) has been reported to be controversial in different studies. Therefore, this study aimed to provide a comprehensive assessment of anemia and PPD. Methods: This review study was conducted according to the MOOSE protocol and results have been reported according to the PRISMA guideline. We searched epidemiologic studies published until January 2018 in nine English databases including Scopus, PubMed/Medline, Science Direct, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EBSCO and Google Scholar using English MeSH keywords. The heterogeneity of the studies was assessed using the Cochran&#8217;s Q test and I2 index. Data were analyzed using a random effects model and comprehensive meta-analysis (CMA) software version 2. Results: In the 10 studies, the association between postpartum anemia and PPD was significant (heterogeneity test: P&#60;0.001, I2=74.62), and RR=1.887 (95CI: 1.255-2.838, P=0.002). In 8 studies, anemia during pregnancy significantly increased the risk of postpartum depression (heterogeneity test: P=0.116, I2=36.422), RR=1.240 (1.001-1.536, P=0.048). The subgroup analysis of postpartum anemia and PPD was not significant for the variables of quality of studies, study design, and the period of evaluating depression and anemia. The subgroup analysis of anemia during pregnancy and PPD was not significant for the period of evaluating depression. Publication bias did not affect the results of the studies. Conclusion: Meta-analysis results showed anemia during pregnancy and after pregnancy that significantly increased the risk of postpartum depression. Therefore, prevention, identification and treatment of anemia in pregnant women seem necessary

A comparison of life style with body mass index (BMI) of loss and more than 25 in individuals between 20-65 years in Shahrekord city

Background and aim: The present study aimed to compare the habits and features of obese (BMI>25) and normal (BM25 kg/m2 then it was designated in the case group (obese). Samples with BMI between 20-25 kg/m2 were assigned into the control (normal) group. The Miller-Smith life style questionnaires were used for both groups. Data were analyzed using Chi-square and t-tests. Results: No significant differences were found between the two groups tested in terms of the mean age, gender, level of education, marital status insurance, the length of sleep during 24 h, cigarette smoking and losing job or spouse. However, a significant relation was found in using vegetables, sausage, fried potatoes, enriched breads, low fat milk, low salt, candies and chocolates (P<0.05). Conclusion: The present study suggests that one way to control obesity and prevent diseases is to ameliorate the life styles with education to people

Nursing Students’ Perception of Instructors’ Caring Behaviors in Tabriz University of Medical Sciences

Introduction: Caring behaviors of clinical teachers is one of the most important and influential factors in the process of clinical instruction, so far has not been paid enough attention. In other words, there has been so little research done in this area, so that the researchers couldn't present the clear image of caring dimensions. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine nursing students’ perception of instructors’ caring behavior. Methods: This descriptive study was performed on 240 nursing students in Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Iran. The participants were selected through stratified random sampling method. The data were collected using Wade’s inventory for nursing students’ perception of instructor caring (NSPIC). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics in SPSS13 software. Results: The level of nursing instructors' caring behavior during teaching students was medium to high with the mean and standard deviation of 4.65 (0.93), as the highest level belonged to the respectful sharing, and then respectively, instill confidence through caring, appreciation of life meanings, supportive learning climate, and control versus flexibility.Conclusion: The results obtained in this study demonstrate that there is a gap in some dimension in order to achieve optimum about instructors' caring behaviors. Examining and identifying the influential factors in this regard, and applying effective strategies by relevant authorities will be effective in qualitative promotion of clinical teaching

The relation of maternal hypothyroidism and hypothyroxinemia during pregnancy on preterm birth: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: The clinical consequences of hypothyroidism and hypothyroxinemia during pregnancy such as preterm birth are not still clear. Objective: The aim of this meta-analysis was to estimate the relation of clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism and hypothyroxinemia during pregnancy and preterm birth. Materials and Methods: In this meta-analysis, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis were utilized. Searching the 83Tcohort studies83T were done by two researchers independently without any restrictions on Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, Cochrane, EBSCO and Google Scholar databases up to 2017. The heterogeneity of the studies was checked by the Cochran's Q test and IP2P index. Both random and fixed-effects models were used for combining the relative risk and 95% confidence intervals. Data were analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software version 2. Results: Twenty-three studies were included in the meta-analysis. The relative risks of the clinical hypothyroidism, subclinical hypothyroidism and hypothyroxinemia during pregnancy on preterm birth was estimated 1.30 (95% CI: 1.05-1.61, p=0.013, involving 20079 cases and 2452817 controls), 1.36 (95% CI: 1.09-1.68, p=0.005, involving 3580 cases and 64885 controls) and 1.31 (95% CI: 1.04-1.66, p=0.020, involving 1078 cases and 44377 controls), respectively. Conclusion: The incidence of preterm birth was higher among mothers with clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism or hypothyroxinemia during pregnancy compared to euthyroid mothers, and these relations were significant. Therefore, 83Tgynecologists and endocrinologists83T should manage these patients to control the incidence of 83Tadverse pregnancy outcomes83T such as preterm birth

The effect of spiritual self-care training on the attachment of the mothers of premature babies hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Taleghani Hospital, Ilam

Background. The birth of a premature baby needing to be hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) endangers the initial mother-baby relationship, affecting mother-baby attachment. Therefore, it seems necessary to provide mothers of premature babies with appropriate nursing support. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of spiritual self-care training on the mother-baby attachment of mothers giving birth to premature babies hospitalized in the NICU. Methods. This was a semi-experimental study with pre-test/post-test design conducted on 60 mothers with babies admitted to the NICU of Taleghani Hospital of Ilam (30 participants in each of the intervention and control groups).Two questionnaires were used for data collection, including a demographic information questionnaire and the Maternal Postnatal Attachment Scale (MPAS). Five self-care training sessions (45 minutes each) were held for mothers of the intervention group according to a self-care booklet prepared by the researcher. The attachment questionnaire was again completed after one week of the last training sessions by all participants, and the data were analyzed using SPSS version 22 software. Descriptive statistics were used to present quantitative (mean ±SD) and qualitative (frequency, %) variables. The normality of the data was checked using the Kolmogorov Smirnov test, and the MANOVA and univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) tests were used to investigate the effects of the training on mother-baby attachment. The statistical significance level was considered P<0.05. Results. The means of the total attachment score in the intervention and control groups were obtained as 51.73 and 56.43 at the pretest and 53.36 and 49.77 at the post-test, respectively, indicating that spiritual self-care training was effective in improving mother-baby attachment (P<0.05). Conclusion. Our results showed that spiritual self-care training augmented mothers’ attachment to their babies hospitalized at the NICU. According to the results of the present study, it is suggested to pave the ground in clinical environments by educating nurses and caregivers and supporting the mother and the baby through spiritual self-care interventions to promote maternal attachment and improve their conditions. Practical Implications. According to the results of the present study, it is suggested to pave the ground in clinical environments by educating nurses and caregivers and supporting the mother and the baby through spiritual self-care interventions to promote maternal attachment and improve their conditions

"Discrimination", the Main Concern of Iranian Nurses over Inter-Professional Collaboration: an Explorative Qualitative Study

Introduction: People in various professions may face discrimination. In the nursing field, discrimination among nurses in the workplace, regardless of race, gender or religion have not been studied; a problem that leads to a reduction in the quality of nursing care and nurse turnover. Discovery of the concerns of nurses about inter-professional collaboration is the purpose of this study. Methods: The present study is conducted by using a qualitative content analysis. The data collection process included 22 unstructured and in-depth interviews with nurses between April 2012 and February 2013 in the medical teaching centers of Iran. A purposive sampling method was used. All interviews were recorded, typed, and analyzed simultaneously. Results: The category obtained from explaining nurses' experiences of inter-professional collaboration was "discrimination" that included two subcategories, namely (1) lack of perspective towards equality in authorities, and (2) professional respect and value deficit.Conclusion: Nurses' experiences are indicating their perception of discrimination that influences the collaboration between nurses, which should be taken into account by managers. The findings of the present study help to managers about decision making on how to deal with staff and can be helpful in preventing nurse turnover and providing better services by nurses