POTENTIAL POSSIBILITIES OF ENHANCING ONLINE COMMUNICATION OF EDUCATORS IN CONFERENCES

Communication using Twitter by educators who attended a conference of a centralized position was investigated to better understand the possibility to expand their Twitter communication in the backchannel of the conference. As a target, conferences for ICT educators organized by Ministry of Education, Thailand were selected. Data were collected through an application programming interface (API) by NodeXL, and a social-graph analysis was executed. Extensional investigation was continuously introduced to include personal tweets history of educators by tracing Twitter accounts, which appeared in their profiles as keys of data collection. Results were compared with the findings of preceding studies. The results showed rather inactive Twitter communication of participants during conference days. However, from the result of extensional investigation, integral bridge and hub users, who were expected to enlighten rural educators, were found. Finally, we present three feasible strategies using social group graph analysis that challenged enhancement of awareness regarding the cutting-edge movement in ICT education of rural educators who could not attend a conference. Bridge users were able to forward messages from the conference organizer using deliberate modification of content to adapt their group culture.

Professional Training for Tele-teacher of Distance Education

The authors developed a training course for tele-teachers of Distance Education. And, the course was provided to tele-teachers of a satellite Instructional Television project in Papua New Guinea. In the course development, to embody the recent curriculum reform and its concept of Students' Centered learning, the authors introduced aspects of pedagogical theory, characteristics of human cognition, communication skills, classroom management skills and presentation skills. Also, all the performances are intended to effect on a Systems Approach as well. Required emphases for tele-teachers were illustrated as a table by comparison with BOU method

Formation mechanism of plateau, rapid fall and tail in phosphorus diffusion profile in silicon based on the pair diffusion models of vacancy mechanism and interstitial mechanism

P diffuses predominantly by the interstitial mechanism in Si. Assuming that there is a strong binding energy between P and I, therefore, the basic process of P diffusion is the diffusion of (PI), where I and (PI) represent self-interstitials and P-I pairs, respectively. In the high-P-concentration region, excess I is generated by the dissociation of (PI) and the limiting process of P diffusion depends on whether or not excess I is controlled. That is, if the concentration of excess I decreases relatively to the equilibrium I concentration due to the effect of the decrease in quasi self-interstitial formation energy, or if excess I is removed by the recombination with vacancies, P diffuses fast and the plateau is formed; if not, P diffuses slowly and the rapid fall is formed. In the tail region, the P concentration is low and the limiting process of P diffusion is the basic process of P diffusion, that is, the diffusion of (PI). Excess I generated in the high-P-concentration region diffuses into the low-P-concentration region, and I is supersaturated there. Therefore, the concentration of (PI) increases, resulting in the fast diffusion of P and the formation of the tail