THE EXPRESSION OF THE fms GENE AND THE GENE PRODUCT IN THYROID TUMOR

The amplification of the fms gene DNA was investigated in 5 human thyroid tumors. No significant amplification or rearrangement was observed in tumor DNA. The expression of the fms gene product was also investigated in 20 thyroid tumor tissues embedded in paraffin using a polyclonal antibody to the fms oncogene product immunohistochemically. Ten out of 20 samples showed clearly positive, 6 out of 20 were weakly positive but 4 out of 20 were negative. Therefore, the fms oncogene might play an important role for thyroid carcinogenesis, and it might also be of possible importance for understanding the mechanism of thyroid carcinogenesis

Lysyl Hydroxylase 2 Is Secreted by Tumor Cells and Can Modify Collagen in the Extracellular Space

Lysyl hydroxylase 2 (LH2) catalyzes the hydroxylation of lysine residues in the telopeptides of fibrillar collagens, which leads to the formation of stable collagen cross-links. Recently we reported that LH2 enhances the metastatic propensity of lung cancer by increasing the amount of stable hydroxylysine aldehyde-derived collagen cross-links (HLCCs), which generate a stiffer tumor stroma (Chen, Y., et al. (2015) J. Clin. Invest. 125, 125, 1147–1162). It is generally accepted that LH2 modifies procollagen α chains on the endoplasmic reticulum before the formation of triple helical procollagen molecules. Herein, we report that LH2 is also secreted and modifies collagen in the extracellular space. Analyses of lung cancer cell lines demonstrated that LH2 is present in the cell lysates and the conditioned media in a dimeric, active form in both compartments. LH2 co-localized with collagen fibrils in the extracellular space in human lung cancer specimens and in orthotopic lung tumors generated by injection of a LH2-expressing human lung cancer cell line into nude mice. LH2 depletion in MC3T3 osteoblastic cells impaired the formation of HLCCs, resulting in an increase in the unmodified lysine aldehyde-derived collagen cross-link (LCC), and the addition of recombinant LH2 to the media of LH2-deficient MC3T3 cells was sufficient to rescue HLCC formation in the extracellular matrix. The finding that LH2 modifies collagen in the extracellular space challenges the current view that LH2 functions solely on the endoplasmic reticulum and could also have important implications for cancer biology

小学校音楽授業における児童の自己効力感を実感させる授業実践に関する考察 ― 第１報：教師の指導言に着目して ―

　According to the new government course guidelines, to develop elementary school students’ ability to “enjoy” music, teachers are required to teach both knowledge and skills. This includes knowledge about motifs and structures of music and skills to express oneself musically. However, in reality, it is very difficult to offer classes that are enjoyable for students and that are not a mere self-satisfying set of instructions pertaining to knowledge and skills.　This study focuses on the impact of advice given by teachers to students in two sample music classes. The results show that the teachers’ positive remarks raised students’ enthusiasm, encouraging participation and helping students overcome difficulties. In addition to the teachers’ encouragements, focusing on class objectives neither negatively impacted students’ commitment to the classes nor understanding of the classes even when the content was challenging and not necessarily enjoyable

Laminin γ2 fragments are increased in the circulation of patients with early phase acute lung injury

Katayama, M., Ishizaka, A., Sakamoto, M. et al. Intensive Care Med (2010) 36: 479. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-009-1719-

岡山県内保育所の園児定員数の推移調査(2)

本資料は,岡山県内の保育所404園を対象に,設置年,保育所の沿革,措置児童数の推移,措置定員の推移,特別保育事業の開始年度等についての調査を実施した際,明らかになった園児定員数の推移結果を2編にわたってまとめた第2編(郡部別編)である。本編では岡山県内18郡の保育所の昭和23年から平成11年までの園児定員数を公立・私立別にまとめ,第1編にまとめている岡山県10市の園児定員数の推移結果とあわせて比較検討し考察を行っている

岡山県内保育所の園児定員数の推移調査(1)

本資料は,岡山県内に平成11年現存している保育所404園を対象に,設置年,保育所の沿革,措置児童数の推移,措置定員の推移,特別保育事業の開始年度等についての調査を実施した際,明らかになった園児定員数の推移結果を2編にわたってまとめた第1編(市別編)である。本編では岡山県内10市の保育所の昭和23年から平成11年までの園児定員数の全体推移(表1)と公立・私立別の推移(表2)を分けて掲載している